高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省達(dá)州市部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AG8388High-speedTrainTour:ExploretheYangtzeRiverBasicInformationTrainRouteLength:1,288kilometersTime:10:27a.m.—18:36p.m.DepartureandArrival:DepartsfromShanghaiRailwayStationandarrivesatShanghaiHongqiaoRailwayStationRichAttractionsAlongtheway,therailrouteprovidesaccesstorichhistoricalsites,scenicmountains,andancientculturesincludingclassicalgardens,Yangshan(thehometownofhoneypeaches),HuangshanMountain,QiandaoLake,WestLake,andtheonlypreservedfishingvillageinShanghai.Theseplacesarefamousbothathomeandabroad.PopularitySinceitslaunchonJune15th,untilSeptember9th,about349,000passengershavetakenthistrain.Evenafterthesummertravelpeak,thetrainisstillalmostfullybooked.ConvenientServicesforForeignPassengersPolicySupport:AsChina'stourismmarketkeepsgettingbetter,withmoreinternationalflightsandthestartofthe144-hourvisa-freetransitpolicy,lotsofforeignpassengerspickthistrain.StationAssistance:ShanghaiRailwayhasvolunteerswhocanspeaktwolanguages.Attheticketwindowsandentrances,thereareinformationboards.Thereisalsoaspecialwindowforcheckingpassports.ForeignpassengerscanuseWeChatandAlipaytopayatticketwindowsandinstationshops.Sotheycanbuythingseasilywiththeirforeignbankcards.1.HowlongdoesthetraintravelfromShanghaiStationtoHongqiaoStation?A.About12hours. B.About8hours.C.About144minutes. D.About349minutes.2.Whichkindofpaymentcanbeacceptedifforeignpassengersbuytraintickets?A.Cashonly. B.Creditcardsfromlocalbanks.C.WeChatandAlipay. D.Specialforeignpaymentapps.3.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Ageographybook.C.Asportsnewspaper. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章詳細(xì)介紹了G8388高速列車之旅，包括基本信息（如路線長(zhǎng)度、發(fā)車和到達(dá)時(shí)間）、沿途豐富的景點(diǎn)（包括歷史遺址、風(fēng)景名勝和文化古跡等）、列車的受歡迎程度以及為外國(guó)乘客提供的便利服務(wù)。這篇文章旨在向潛在游客展示這條旅游線路的魅力，并提供實(shí)用的旅行信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“BasicInformation”部分的“Time:10:27a.m.—18:36p.m.(時(shí)間：上午10點(diǎn)27分至下午18點(diǎn)36分)”可知，從上海站到虹橋站乘火車需要大約8小時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ConvenientServicesforForeignPassengers”部分的“ForeignpassengerscanuseWeChatandAlipaytopayatticketwindowsandinstationshops(外國(guó)乘客可以使用微信和支付寶在售票窗口和車站商店付款)”可知，外國(guó)乘客可以使用微信和支付寶在售票窗口和車站商店付款。由此可知，如果外國(guó)乘客購(gòu)買火車票，可以接受微信和支付寶支付。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“G8388High-speedTrainTour:ExploretheYangtzeRiver(高速列車之旅：探索長(zhǎng)江)”、“BasicInformation(基本信息)”、“RichAttractions(豐富的景點(diǎn))”、“Popularity(受歡迎程度)”、“ConvenientServicesforForeignPassengers(為外國(guó)乘客提供的便利服務(wù))”可知，文章主要介紹了探索長(zhǎng)江之旅的基本信息、豐富的景點(diǎn)以及為外國(guó)游客提供的便利服務(wù)。由此可推知，這篇文章最有可能來自一本旅游手冊(cè)。故選D項(xiàng)。BMyfamilyfirstmovedtoColorado22yearsago.LosAngeleswastooexpensiveanditwasdifficulttofindwell-payingjobsandaffordablehousing.Coloradobecameournextdreamplace.SettlingintoasmalltownintheFrontRange,myparentsfoundhardjobs.Growingupinthissmalltown,Iremembermyparentsworkinghardtogetpastthelanguagebarrier.Mymom,especially,triedherbesttoensuresheknewallthatsheneededtoknowaboutlikemyparent-teachermeetingsandextracurricular(課外的)activities.OneofthoseextracurricularactivitiesthatIsignedupforwasfootball.Atthatage,footballwascoolandall,butIwasmoreintoplayingPokémonandothervideogames.Footballdidn’tdrawmein.Bigfootballtournaments(聯(lián)賽)wouldcomearoundliketheWorldCup,theCopaAméricaandtheGoldCup,andtheMexicanNationalTeamwouldplayinthesetournaments.Iwouldsitthereinourlivingroomandunmindfullywatchthegameswhilemyparentswouldgocrazywithenthusiasm(熱情).Iwouldsitthereandplaymygame.MydadwouldlookoverandtellmethatIshouldbepayingattentioncarefullytothegameandthatIshouldcaremoreaboutwhetherMexicowouldwinthematchthanmyvideogames.Bothofmyparents’workspaceswerecrowded(占滿的)withotherworkers.MymomworkedwithpeoplefromalloverLatinAmerica.Everyone’stopicofchoiceatworkwouldalwaysturntohowtheirnationalfootballteamwasdoing.Itwasawaytoshowprideinthecountrieswheretheyhadgrownup.Igrewuplovingfootballmoreandmore.ThemoreIlearnedaboutmyMexicanroots(根),themoreItriedtofindwaystoexpressprideinthemintheUnitedStates.4.Whydidtheauthor’sfamilymovetoColorado?A.Tomakeabetterlife.B.Toattendmoreactivities.C.Tofollowtheirfootballdream.D.Toreceiveabettereducation.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutfootballatfirst?A.Itwasamazing. B.Itwasimportant.C.Itwasuninteresting. D.Itwasdifficult.6.Whatwouldtheauthor’sfatherdowhenwatchingfootballgames?A.Remindtheauthortowatchthemcarefully.B.Playvideogameswiththeauthor.C.LearnEnglishintheirlivingroom.D.Guesswhowouldbethewinner.7.Theauthor’smomandherworkmatestalkedaboutfootballinorderto_________.A.buildacloserfriendshipB.expresstheirhomesicknessC.shareacommontopicD.showtheirprideintheirmotherlands【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。作者通過講述自己的家庭與足球之間的故事，展示了足球背后所蘊(yùn)含的文化意義?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句“LosAngeleswastooexpensiveanditwasdifficulttofindwell-payingjobsandaffordablehousing.Coloradobecameournextdreamplace.(洛杉磯的物價(jià)太高，很難找到高薪的工作和負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房?？屏_拉多成為我們下一個(gè)夢(mèng)想之地。)”可知，作者心目中的“夢(mèng)想之地”科羅拉多相對(duì)于洛杉磯，物價(jià)不是那么高，能找到相對(duì)好一點(diǎn)的工作，住房也能負(fù)擔(dān)得起，作者一家搬到科羅拉多州是為了生活得好一些。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Atthatage,footballwascoolandall,butIwasmoreintoplayingPokémonandothervideogames.Footballdidn’tdrawmein.(在那個(gè)年紀(jì)，足球很酷，但我更喜歡玩《口袋武士》和其他電子游戲。足球沒有吸引我。)”可知，一開始的時(shí)候作者對(duì)足球并不是很感興趣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“MydadwouldlookoverandtellmethatIshouldbepayingattentioncarefullytothegameandthatIshouldcaremoreaboutwhetherMexicowouldwinthematchthanmyvideogames.(我爸爸會(huì)過來看著我，告訴我，我應(yīng)該仔細(xì)關(guān)注比賽，我應(yīng)該更關(guān)心墨西哥是否會(huì)贏得比賽，而不是我的電子游戲。)”可知，每當(dāng)有足球比賽的時(shí)候，作者的父親就會(huì)提醒他認(rèn)真觀看比賽。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MymomworkedwithpeoplefromalloverLatinAmerica.Everyone’stopicofchoiceatworkwouldalwaysturntohowtheirnationalfootballteamwasdoing.Itwasawaytoshowprideinthecountrieswheretheyhadgrownup.(我媽媽和來自拉丁美洲各地的人一起工作。每個(gè)人在工作中選擇的話題總是會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向他們的國(guó)家足球隊(duì)表現(xiàn)如何。這是他們?yōu)樽约撼砷L(zhǎng)的國(guó)家感到驕傲的一種方式。)”可知，作者的母親與同事們談?wù)撟闱?，表達(dá)了各自對(duì)祖國(guó)的自豪感。故選D項(xiàng)。CHaveyoubeenexercisingandeatinghealthy,butwhenyousteponthescale,itsaysyou’vegainedafewpounds?“That’snormal,anditdoesn’tmeanthatyourworkoutsarenoteffective”,saysJeffreyA.Dolgan,anexercisephysiologistinMiamiBeach,Florida.“Aperson’sscalemass(質(zhì)量)isacombinationofmuscle,fat,bone,blood,andeventheairthatwecarryinourlungs,”hesays.“Immediatelyafteraworkoutroutine,thepercentageofmassineachbodypartcanshiftasmuchas15percent.Soifyou’regainingweightwhileworkingoutandeatinghealthy,it’sprobablynotthetypeofweightgainthatyouthinkitis.Thescalecan’ttellyouhowmuchofyourbodyweightismuscleorfat,whichmeansifyourgoalistoimproveyourfitnesslevel,thescaleisnotthebesttoolformeasuringimprovements.Whenyoustarttochangeyourbodycompositionwithyourworkouts—bybuildingmoremusclemassanddecreasingyourbodyfat—yourscaleweightmayincrease,whileyourbodyfatpercentagemaydecrease.Thesechangeshappenoverweeksandmonths(nothoursordays)sothescaleisuselesswhentrackingthem.Youmayarguethatyouweighafewpoundslessafterahighintensity(強(qiáng)度)trainingclass.Don’tgettooexcited—it’sjustwaterlossduetosweat.Watermakesupapproximately65to90percentofaperson’sweight,andvariationinwatercontentofthehumanbodycanmovethescalebytenpoundsormorefromdaytoday.Soignorethescaleandpaymoreattentiontoobjectivemeasurementtoolslikebodycomposition.Keepinmindthatifyou’reexercisingbutgainingweight,youmayactuallylookslimmer.8.WhatcanweknowfromDolgan’swordsfromparagraph2?A.Yourweightchangeslittleduringaday.B.Yourscalemassisaffectedbymanyfactors.C.Yourworkoutisnoteffectiveifyougainweight.D.Yourweightisdeterminedonlybymuscleandfat.9.Whatwillmostprobablyhappenafteryouexerciseandeathealthyfor3months?A.Youwillweighmore.B.Yourmusclemasswilldecrease.C.Yourbodyfatwillincrease.D.Yourbodycompositionwillchange.10.Howmuchwatermayamanweighing150poundshaveinhisbody?A.30pounds. B.60pounds.C.100pounds. D.140pounds.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoWeGainWeight?B.HowtoWorkOutEffectively?C.WhatIstheCompositionofOurBody?D.WhyDoesMyWorkoutCauseWeightGain?【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章解釋了在堅(jiān)持鍛煉并進(jìn)行健康飲食的同時(shí)，體重不降反增的原因。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句““Aperson’sscalemass(質(zhì)量)isacombinationofmuscle,fat,bone,blood,andeventheairthatwecarryinourlungs,”hesays.(他說：“一個(gè)人的體表質(zhì)量是肌肉、脂肪、骨頭、血液，甚至是我們肺中攜帶的空氣的組合。”)”可知，體重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液甚至肺里空氣的質(zhì)量總和。由此可推知，體重受多種因素影響。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Whenyoustarttochangeyourbodycompositionwithyourworkouts—bybuildingmoremusclemassanddecreasingyourbodyfat—yourscaleweightmayincrease,whileyourbodyfatpercentagemaydecrease.(當(dāng)你開始通過鍛煉來改變你的身體組成——通過增加更多的肌肉量和減少體脂——你的體重可能會(huì)增加，而體脂率可能會(huì)降低。)”可推知，在堅(jiān)持鍛煉并進(jìn)行健康飲食后，最有可能發(fā)生的是你的身體組成會(huì)發(fā)生變化。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Watermakesupapproximately65to90percentofaperson’sweight(水大約占一個(gè)人體重的65%到90%)”可知，人體的含水量約占人體體重的65%到90%。由此可知，體重150磅的人體內(nèi)含水量應(yīng)在(150×65%=97.5)磅至(150×90%=135)磅之間。故選C?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoubeenexercisingandeatinghealthy,butwhenyousteponthescale,itsaysyou’vegainedafewpounds?“That’snormal,anditdoesn’tmeanthatyourworkoutsarenoteffective”,saysJeffreyA.Dolgan,anexercisephysiologistinMiamiBeach,Florida.(你是否一直在鍛煉，飲食也很健康，但當(dāng)你站在秤上時(shí)，秤上顯示你胖了幾磅？“這很正常，這并不意味著你的鍛煉沒有效果，”佛羅里達(dá)州邁阿密海灘的運(yùn)動(dòng)生理學(xué)家JeffreyA.Dolgan說。)”和第二段的“Immediatelyafteraworkoutroutine,thepercentageofmassineachbodypartcanshiftasmuchas15percent.Soifyou’regainingweightwhileworkingoutandeatinghealthy,it’sprobablynotthetypeofweightgainthatyouthinkitis.(在例行鍛煉后，身體各個(gè)部位的質(zhì)量百分比會(huì)立即發(fā)生15%的變化。所以，如果你在鍛煉和健康飲食的同時(shí)體重增加，這可能不是你想的那種類型的體重增加。)”可知，文章主要分析了堅(jiān)持鍛煉并進(jìn)行健康飲食后體重不降反增的原因。D項(xiàng)“WhyDoesMyWorkoutCauseWeightGain?(為什么我鍛煉后體重反而增加了？)”能概括文章主要內(nèi)容，最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D。DIntheancientwalledcityofSana’a,mud(泥)skyscrapersrisehighintothesky.Thetoweringstructuresarebuiltentirelyoutofearthanddecoratedwithamazinggeometricpatterns.ThelocalmudarchitectureissouniquethatthecityhasbeenrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.EventhoughthebuildingsinSana’aarethousandsofyearsold,theancientstructuresarestillinhabitedtodayandmostremainprivatehouses.Itiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(隔熱的),sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamluji,co-founderoftheMudBrickArchitectureFoundation.Architectsaroundtheworldarereviving(復(fù)興)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuildingsthatcansurviveextremeweathereventssuchasflashfloodsandintenseheat.Couldthisancientformofarchitectureinfluencethedesignofourfuturehomes?Theconstructionindustryaccountsfor38%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Thebuildingsectorhasanimportantroletoplayiftheworldistomeetthegoalofreachingnetzeroby2050.Concrete,acommonmodernconstructionmaterial,hasahugecarbonfootprint.Replacingconcretewithlesspollutingmaterialsisimportanttoachievingourclimategoals,scientistswarn.Theancientmaterial,mud,couldbetheperfectsustainablereplacementforconcrete,accordingtoDamluji.Constructingwithmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable.Shesays,“Ifyouwanttopulldownawallorchangethedesign,youcanrecycleallthematerials.”Anaddedbenefitisthatmudbuildingsarewarminthewinterandcoolinthesummer.Thisreducestheneedforairconditioningunits,whichconsumelargeamountsofelectricityandcontainrefrigerants(制冷劑)thatmakeupgreenhousegasemissions.Mudstructuresarealsoincrediblystrongandresistanttoextremeweather,suchasheatwaves,floodsanddroughts,whichscientistssaywillbecomemorefrequentandintenseastemperaturescontinuetorise.Therefore,peoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshouldconsideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.12.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmudmaterialsaccordingtothepassage?A.Theycanreducethechanceofextremeweatherevents.B.Theycanbeidealforsustainableconstructionofthefuture.C.Theymightproducealotofgreenhousegasemissions.D.Theymightcausesubstantialtemperaturechanges.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Mudmightbeanimportantsolutiontotheclimatecrisis.B.Rebuildingmudconstructionwouldtakegreatefforts.C.Mudhasbecomearchitects’favouritebuildingmaterial.D.ThemudbuildingsinSana’aarenolongersuitabletolivein.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsraw-earthconstructioninthebuildingindustry?A.Cautious. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Supportive.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.HistoricCitiesMarkHumanCivilization B.ConstructionIndustryThreatensClimateGoalsC.ModernArchitectureSurvivesExtremeWeather D.AncientMaterialMakesforFutureHouseDesigns【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了薩那古城中獨(dú)特的泥制建筑，包括其歷史、特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)勢(shì)以及在現(xiàn)代建筑中的潛在應(yīng)用。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itiseasytoseewhythesemudbuildingshavenotlosttheirappeal—theyarewell-insulated(隔熱的),sustainableandextremelyadaptableformodernuse.“Itisthearchitectureofthefuture,”saysDamluji,co-founderoftheMudBrickArchitectureFoundation.(不難理解為何這些泥制建筑仍未失去其魅力——它們隔熱性好、可持續(xù)性強(qiáng)，且非常適合現(xiàn)代使用?！斑@是未來的建筑，”泥磚建筑基金會(huì)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Damluji說道)”可知，泥土材料被視為未來可持續(xù)建筑的潛在選擇。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Theancientmaterial,mud,couldbetheperfectsustainablereplacementforconcrete,accordingtoDamluji.Constructingwithmudhasaverylowimpactontheenvironmentandthematerialitselfisfullyrecyclable.(Damluji認(rèn)為，古老的泥土材料可能是混凝土的理想可持續(xù)替代品。用泥土建造對(duì)環(huán)境的影響非常小，且材料本身完全可回收)”以及“Anaddedbenefitisthatmudbuildingsarewarminthewinterandcoolinthesummer.Thisreducestheneedforairconditioningunits,whichconsumelargeamountsofelectricityandcontainrefrigerants(制冷劑)thatmakeupgreenhousegasemissions.Mudstructuresarealsoincrediblystrongandresistanttoextremeweather,suchasheatwaves,floodsanddroughts,whichscientistssaywillbecomemorefrequentandintenseastemperaturescontinuetorise.(另一個(gè)好處是，泥制建筑在冬天保暖、夏天涼爽。這減少了空調(diào)設(shè)備的需求，而空調(diào)設(shè)備會(huì)消耗大量電力，并含有構(gòu)成溫室氣體排放的制冷劑。泥制建筑還極其堅(jiān)固，能夠抵御熱浪、洪水和干旱等極端天氣，科學(xué)家表示，隨著氣溫持續(xù)上升，這些極端天氣將變得更加頻繁和劇烈。)”可知，文章中提到泥土建筑是可持續(xù)的，且用泥土建造對(duì)環(huán)境的影響非常小，材料本身完全可回收。此外，泥制建筑在極端天氣下表現(xiàn)出色，且能減少空調(diào)設(shè)備的需求，從而降低溫室氣體排放。這些都表明泥土是一種應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)的潛在解決方案。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Therefore,peoplewhowishtoliveinamodern,comfortablehomeshouldconsideronemadeofmud.Overall,itmakesforhighlyadvancedaswellassustainabledesign.(因此，希望住在現(xiàn)代、舒適住宅中的人應(yīng)考慮泥制住宅?？偟膩碚f，它實(shí)現(xiàn)了高度先進(jìn)且可持續(xù)的設(shè)計(jì)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，作者提到了生土建筑的多個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)，如可持續(xù)性、低環(huán)境影響、材料可回收性以及在極端天氣下的出色表現(xiàn)等。這些描述都表明作者對(duì)生土建筑持支持態(tài)度。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Architectsaroundtheworldarereviving(復(fù)興)raw-earthconstructionastheyseektoconstructsustainablebuildingsthatcansurviveextremeweathereventssuchasflashfloodsandintenseheat.Couldthisancientformofarchitectureinfluencethedesignofourfuturehomes?(隨著世界各地建筑師尋求建造能夠抵御洪水肆虐和酷暑等極端天氣的可持續(xù)建筑，他們正在復(fù)興生土建筑。這種古老的建筑形式能否影響我們未來住宅的設(shè)計(jì)呢？)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了古老的泥土材料如何成為未來可持續(xù)建筑的理想選擇，并詳細(xì)描述了其優(yōu)點(diǎn)和在現(xiàn)代建筑中的應(yīng)用潛力。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howtoenhanceyourimmunityduringthewintermonths?Asthetemperaturesdropandfluandcoldseasonapproaches,weneedtostartthinkingaboutlookingafterourimmune(免疫)health.____16____.Getseventoninehourssleepeveryday.Thereisstrongevidencethatsleepenhancesimmunedefence.Trytoaimforbetweensevenandninehoursofgoodquality,restorativesleepeverynight.____17____.Developarelaxingbedtimeroutineandavoidscreentimearound90minutesbeforeyousleep.Spendmoretimewithothers.____18____.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheritisvolunteeringinthecommunity,pickinguptheshoppingforanelderlyneighbour,maintainingyourfriendshipsormakingqualitytimeforyourfriendsandfamily.____19____.Regularexerciseimproveshearthealth,lowersbloodpressure,helpsmaintainhealthybodyweight,andprotectsagainstavarietyofdiseasesincludingviralandbacterialinfections.Avoidsmokingandreducealcohol.Therelationshipbetweensmokingand/orextraalcoholconsumptionandbadimmune-relatedhealtheffectssuchasinabilitytopneumoniaiswelldocumented.____20____.Trytoavoidorreduceriskysubstancessuchasalcoholasthesehaveanegativeimpactonimmunehealth.A.BephysicallyactiveeverydayB.DomentalexerciseoccasionallyC.MakesurewhatyoueatishealthyenoughD.Relationshipsalsoplayasignificantroleinourwell-beingE.HerearesomewayswhichcanimproveourimmunesystemF.AvoidtakinginanysubstancethatmightbeharmfultothelungsG.Improvingsleepisrelatedtoyourroutinesandbedroomenvironment【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.F【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些提高免疫系統(tǒng)的方法?！?6題詳析】上文“Asthetemperaturesdropandfluandcoldseasonapproaches,weneedtostartthinkingaboutlookingafterourimmune(免疫)health.(隨著氣溫的下降，流感和寒冷季節(jié)的臨近，我們需要開始考慮照顧我們的免疫健康)”提到要照顧免疫健康，結(jié)合后文主要介紹了一些提高免疫系統(tǒng)的方法推知，空處指出有一些方法可以幫助提高免疫力。故E選項(xiàng)“這里有一些方法可以提高我們的免疫系統(tǒng)”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳析】后文“Developarelaxingbedtimeroutineandavoidscreentimearound90minutesbeforeyousleep.(養(yǎng)成一個(gè)放松的睡前習(xí)慣，睡前90分鐘不要看屏幕)”提到了養(yǎng)成好的睡前習(xí)慣，可知改善睡眠與生活習(xí)慣有關(guān)。故G選項(xiàng)“改善睡眠與你的日常生活和臥室環(huán)境有關(guān)”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheritisvolunteeringinthecommunity,pickinguptheshoppingforanelderlyneighbour,maintainingyourfriendshipsormakingqualitytimeforyourfriendsandfamily.(無論是在社區(qū)做義工、為年長(zhǎng)的鄰居購(gòu)物、維護(hù)友誼，還是為朋友和家人騰出寶貴的時(shí)間，這都沒有關(guān)系)”可知，后文列舉了一系列社交活動(dòng)，說明人際關(guān)系有助于人的幸福感受。故D選項(xiàng)“人際關(guān)系在我們的幸福中也扮演著重要的角色”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Regularexerciseimproveshearthealth,lowersbloodpressure,helpsmaintainhealthybodyweight,andprotectsagainstavarietyofdiseasesincludingviralandbacterialinfections.(經(jīng)常鍛煉可以改善心臟健康，降低血壓，幫助保持健康的體重，并預(yù)防各種疾病，包括病毒和細(xì)菌感染)”可知，本段給出的建議是經(jīng)常鍛煉，后文Regularexercise可對(duì)應(yīng)到A選項(xiàng)physicallyactive。故A選項(xiàng)“每天運(yùn)動(dòng)”可以作為本段小標(biāo)題，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Therelationshipbetweensmokingand/orextraalcoholconsumptionandbadimmune-relatedhealtheffectssuchasinabilitytopneumoniaiswelldocumented.(吸煙和/或過量飲酒與免疫相關(guān)的不良健康影響（如不患肺炎）之間的關(guān)系已得到充分證明)”以及后文“Trytoavoidorreduceriskysubstancessuchasalcoholasthesehaveanegativeimpactonimmunehealth.(盡量避免或減少危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)，如酒精，因?yàn)檫@些對(duì)免疫健康有負(fù)面影響)”可知，后文提到了避免飲酒，可知本句是在說明吸煙，故F選項(xiàng)“避免吸入任何可能對(duì)肺部有害的物質(zhì)”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。We’dalwayshadatraditionalfamilydinneratThanksgiving.Butoneyear,mysisterKarenarrivedhome,not____21____.Standingbyherwasanuntidy-facedguywearing____22____jeansandadiscoloredshirt.KarencheerfullyexplainedthatDavidwassomeoneshe’dmetafewdaysearlier.Hewasgoingthroughhardtimesandsometimesstoodoutsideherworkplace____23____changeformeals.Though____24____,myparentshadhimsitdownatthetable.Mymumstartedaskingquestions,Davidturnedouttobeacollegestudentwho____25____tocovercollegecostsandrent.He’d____26____hisapartmentandwaslivingoutofhiscar…Heansweredeveryquestionand____27____thankedmyparentsforlettinghimeatwithus.Finally,the____28____endedwhenmyfathersaid,“Bette,that’senough.Lethim____29____.”Weallatein_____30_____forthenextcoupleofminutes.Thenmydadasked,“David,howisyour_____31_____?”“Sir,thereissomenoise,butit’sokayfornow.It’s_____32_____ofyoutoask.”Mydadcontinued,“Let’scheckitoutbeforeyouleavesoyouare_____33_____ontheroad.”Inthefollowingyears,eachofuswas_____34_____toinvitesomeoneforThanksgivingdinner.Itwasawelcomenewtraditionforourfamily:theactof_____35_____notonlyfoodbutalsoourblessings.21.A.happy B.alone C.hungry D.well22.A.torn B.fancy C.tight D.new23.A.settingaside B.givingback C.takingout D.askingfor24.A.regretful B.doubtful C.disappointed D.frightened25.A.refused B.managed C.struggled D.promised26.A.givenup B.burntdown C.movedinto D.lookedfor27.A.suddenly B.hardly C.simply D.repeatedly28.A.dinner B.speech C.questioning D.meeting29.A.go B.try C.eat D.talk30.A.panic B.silence C.shame D.surprise31.A.college B.apartment C.work D.car32.A.kind B.polite C.wise D.brave33.A.safe B.calm C.fast D.confident34.A.taught B.forced C.forbidden D.encouraged35.A.improving B.sharing C.enjoying D.introducing【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.C29.C30.B31.D32.A33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家在感恩節(jié)時(shí)接納了一位處于困境中的大學(xué)生David，這一經(jīng)歷成為了家庭的新傳統(tǒng)，即分享食物和祝福?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是有一年，我的姐姐Karen回到家，并不是獨(dú)自一人。A.happy快樂的；B.alone獨(dú)自的；C.hungry饑餓的；D.well身體健康的。根據(jù)后文“Standingbyherwasanuntidy-facedguy”可知后文提到站在她身邊的是一個(gè)滿臉不整潔的人，可推理出Karen不是一個(gè)人回來的，有另一個(gè)人和她一起。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：站在她身邊的是一個(gè)滿臉不整潔、穿著破舊牛仔褲和褪色襯衫的小伙子。A.torn破舊的；B.fancy華麗的；C.tight緊身的；D.new新的。根據(jù)下文“discoloredshirt”可知下文說的是褪色襯衫，可推理出這里形容小伙子穿著破舊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他正在經(jīng)歷困難時(shí)期，有時(shí)會(huì)在Karen工作的地方外面乞討食物。A.settingaside留出；B.givingback歸還；C.takingout取出；D.askingfor請(qǐng)求，乞討。根據(jù)“Hewasgoingthroughhardtimes”可知，他處于困境中，可推理出他乞討食物。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有所懷疑，我的父母還是讓他坐在桌子旁。A.regretful后悔的；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.disappointed失望的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)上文“Standingbyherwasanuntidy-facedguy”可知上文提到站在她身邊的是一個(gè)滿臉不整潔的人，可推理出雖然父母讓他坐下，但是心里是有所懷疑的。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：原來David是一名大學(xué)生，他努力支付大學(xué)費(fèi)用和房租。A.refused拒絕；B.managed設(shè)法做成；C.struggled掙扎，努力；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)上文“Hewasgoingthroughhardtimes”以及下文“covercollegecostsandrent”可知，他處于困境中，要支付學(xué)費(fèi)和房租，可推理出他努力支付費(fèi)用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他已經(jīng)放棄了公寓，現(xiàn)在住在車?yán)?。A.givenup放棄；B.burntdown燒毀；C.movedinto搬進(jìn)；D.lookedfor尋找。根據(jù)“waslivingoutofhiscar”可知，他住在車?yán)铮赏评沓鏊艞壛斯?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他回答了每一個(gè)問題，并多次感謝我的父母讓他和我們一起吃飯。A.suddenly突然；B.hardly幾乎不；C.simply僅僅；D.repeatedly反復(fù)地。根據(jù)下文“thankedmyparentsforlettinghimeatwithus”可知下文說的是他感謝作者的父母允許他一同進(jìn)餐，可推理出他多次感謝父母。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，當(dāng)我的父親說：“貝蒂，夠了。讓他吃飯吧?！睍r(shí)，提問結(jié)束了。A.dinner晚餐；B.speech演講；C.questioning提問；D.meeting會(huì)議。根據(jù)上文“Mymumstartedaskingquestions”可知上文說的是媽媽開始問問題，可推理出這里是說提問環(huán)節(jié)結(jié)束了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.go去；B.try嘗試；C.eat吃；D.talk談話。根據(jù)上文“thankedmyparentsforlettinghimeatwithus”可知上文說的是他感謝作者的父母允許他一同進(jìn)餐，可推理出父親不想再繼續(xù)提問，讓David開始吃飯。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾分鐘里，我們都默默地吃東西。A.panic恐慌；B.silence沉默；C.shame羞愧；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)上文“Weallate”可知上文說的是我們都吃飯，可推理出大家都沉浸在這種溫暖的氛圍中，默默地吃飯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我爸爸問：“David，你的車怎么樣？”A.college大學(xué)；B.apartment公寓；C.work工作；D.car汽車。根據(jù)后文“Let’scheckitoutbeforeyouleave”可知下文說的是離開前進(jìn)行檢查，可推理出作者的爸爸關(guān)心的是他的車的情況。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：目前還可以，你問這個(gè)問題真是太好了。A.kind善良的；B.polite禮貌的；C.wise明智的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)后文“Let’scheckitoutbeforeyouleave”可知下文說的是離開前進(jìn)行檢查，可推理出爸爸關(guān)心David的車況，所以這里說爸爸很善良。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在你離開之前我們?nèi)z查一下，這樣你在路上就安全了。A.safe安全的；B.calm冷靜的；C.fast快速的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)上文“Let’scheckitoutbeforeyouleave”可知上文說的是離開前進(jìn)行檢查，可推理出檢查車況是為了讓他在路上安全，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾年里，我們每個(gè)人都被鼓勵(lì)邀請(qǐng)一個(gè)人參加感恩節(jié)晚餐。A.taught教；B.forced強(qiáng)迫；C.forbidden禁止；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)下文“invitesomeoneforThanksgivingdinner.Itwasawelcomenewtraditionforourfamily”可知下文說的是邀請(qǐng)別人參加感恩節(jié)晚餐，這成為了家庭的新傳統(tǒng)，可推理出此處說的是每個(gè)家庭成員被鼓勵(lì)去邀請(qǐng)別人。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)行為不僅分享食物，還分享我們的祝福，是一種受歡迎的新傳統(tǒng)。A.improving提高；B.sharing分享；C.enjoying享受；D.introducing介紹。根據(jù)上文“invitesomeoneforThanksgivingdinner”可知上文說的是邀請(qǐng)別人參加感恩節(jié)晚餐，可推理出這里強(qiáng)調(diào)分享食物和祝福。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Humanshavecreatedacolorfulglobalcivilizationthroughouttheirlongdevelopment,andthecivilizationofChinais_____36_____importantpartoftheworldcivilization.AsarepresentativefeatureofChinesecivilization,____37____(tradition)Chinesemedicine(TCM)isamedicalscience_____38_____wasformedanddevelopedinthedailylifeofthepeopleandintheirfightagainstdiseasesoverthousandsofyears.Ithasproducedapositiveeffect_____39_____thenation’sprosperity(繁榮)andtheprogressofhumancivilization.TCMhascreateduniqueviewsonfitness,ondiseasesandonthepreventionandtreatmentofdiseasesduringitslonghistory.Itrepresentsacombinationofnaturalandsocialsciences,includingprofoundphilosophical(哲學(xué)的)ideasoftheChinesenation.SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949,anumberofnationalandlocalnaturereserves(保護(hù)區(qū))_____40_____(establish),andresearchhasalsobeenconductedontheprotectionofrareand_____41_____(endanger)Chinesemedicinalresources.TCMandWesternmedicinehavetheirdiverse_____42_____(strength),sotheycanworktogether_____43_____(protect)peoplefromdiseasesandimprovepublichealth.Ithasbeenspreadto183countriesandregionsaroundtheworldandhasbeenplaying_____44_____(it)partinpromotingworldpeaceand______45______(improve)thewell-beingofhumans.【答案】36.an37.traditional38.that/which39.on/upon40.havebeenestablished41.endangered42.strengths43.toprotect44.its45.improving【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中醫(yī)作為中華文明的重要組成部分，其形成、發(fā)展、特點(diǎn)以及對(duì)人類文明的貢獻(xiàn)，同時(shí)還提到了中醫(yī)資源的保護(hù)以及中醫(yī)與西醫(yī)的合作?！?6題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：人類在漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展過程中創(chuàng)造了豐富多彩的全球文明，而中華文明是世界文明的重要組成部分。修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示泛指，用不定冠詞；空后單詞 important為元音音素開頭，用an。故填an。【37題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：作為中華文明的代表性特征，中醫(yī)（TraditionalChineseMedicine,TCM）是一門在人民數(shù)千年的日常生活和與疾病的斗爭(zhēng)中形成并發(fā)展起來的醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)。修飾名詞medicine，需用形容詞traditional作定語。故填traditional?！?8題詳析】考查定語從句。句意同上?？仗帪槎ㄕZ從句的關(guān)系詞；先行詞為“amedicalscience”，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that。故填which或that?！?9題詳析】考查介詞。句意：對(duì)國(guó)家的繁榮和人類文明的進(jìn)步產(chǎn)生了積極影響。空處為介詞，構(gòu)成短語：apositiveeffect

on/upon，意為“對(duì)……的積極影響”，符合句意。故填on或upon?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：自1949年中華人民共和國(guó)成立以來，建立了許多國(guó)家和地方自然保護(hù)區(qū)，并對(duì)珍稀瀕危中藥資源的保護(hù)進(jìn)行了研究?？仗帪楸揪渲^語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949”可知，主句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語為“anumberofnationalandlocalnaturereserves(保護(hù)區(qū))

”，復(fù)數(shù)，和動(dòng)詞“establish”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填havebeenestablished?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：自1949年中華人民共和國(guó)成立以來，建立了許多國(guó)家和地方自然保護(hù)區(qū)，并對(duì)珍稀瀕危中藥資源的保護(hù)進(jìn)行了研究?？仗帪樾稳菰~形式修飾空后的名詞“resources”，意為“瀕危的”。故填endangered?！?2題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)各有優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此可以攜手合作，保護(hù)人們免受疾病侵害，改善公共衛(wèi)生?？仗帪槊~形式擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語；根據(jù)空前的“d