NeitherPinenorAppleinPineappleUnit2ExploringEnglish:UnderstandingideasByYvonneHowtoreadReadbetweenthelinesReadthelinesReadbeyondthelines讀懂字面含義讀懂句際關(guān)系讀懂文章主題（言外之意）WHYHOWWHATWritingPurposeWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TotellusthatEnglishisdifficulttolearnB.TogiveadviceonhowtolearnEnglishC.

ToshowthatEnglishisinterestingandcreative.D.

ToexplainhowEnglishwascreated.CheckthebeginningorendingWHY√Genre?ExpositionArgumentationPracticalWritingInordertosupporthisidea,theauthorusesmany

examplesthatshowtheuniquemadnessofEnglish.PleasefindtheseexamplesandcompletethenotesinActivity4

withwordsfromthepassage.WritingMethodinterestingandcreativeHOWuniquehamburgerpineapplepaintingairsickcarsickhomesickoppositebehaviorsfilloutinvisibleendsreflects01常規(guī)合成詞的含義football=foot+ballworld-famous=

world+famous02Examplesandtheirfunctionsnoeggineggplantnohaminhamburgerneitherpinenorapplein

pineapple合成詞However!Wecan'talwaysunderstanda

compoundwordbyadding

the

meaningsofthewordsitis

madeupof!如果特殊情況下，詞的形式與詞的意思不能簡單對等，我們應(yīng)該如何聯(lián)系詞形和詞義？theoriginofwordsActivity5~Historically,thewordwasdividedintoHamburg+er,butithassincebeenwidelyreanalyzedasham+burger,giventheshortenedformburger,whichhasenabledtheproductionofnewtermslikecheeseburger.Hamburger是合成詞嗎？ExamplesandtheirfunctionsWorkindividually

tofigureoutthe

functionsofthe

restexamples.Exchangeyourideas

ingroupsandgetreadytoshareyour

findings.01Derivationaddingaprefixorsuffixtoawordto

changeitspartofspeechoreventhe

meaning02ExamplesandtheirfunctionssculptasculpturepaintapaintingBUTtakeaphoto派生詞However!Collocation(搭配)betweenverbsandtheirnounderivativesdoesnotalwayswork.Examplesandtheirfunctionsseasick-sickatseaairsick-sickintheaircarsick-sickinacarBUThomesick×sickathome合成詞常規(guī)合成詞的含義footballbasketballvolleyball01However!feelingsickbecauseof...notnecessarilyfeelingsickbecauseyouareat...place02Derivationaddingaprefixorsuffixtoawordto

changeitspartofspeechoreventhe

meaningExamplesandtheirfunctions“hard”isthe

oppositeof“soft”“hardly”and“softly”arenotanopposing

pair.派生詞However!Wecan'talwaysunderstanda

derivationbyaddingthe

meaningsofthestemand

prefixorsuffix!0201Derivationaddingaprefixorsuffixtoawordto

changeitspartofspeechoreventhe

meaningExamplesandtheirfunctions“harmless”

istheoppositeof“harmful”“shameful”and“shameless”behaviorsarethesame.派生詞However!Wecan'talwaysunderstanda

derivationbyaddingthe

meaningsofthestemand

prefixorsuffix!0201同義異形詞異形詞A安分守己—安份守己暗渡陳倉—暗度陳倉B把式—把勢般配—班配棒槌—棒棰、棒錘曝光—暴光報道—報導(dǎo)bàodào—bàodǎo悲憤—悲忿悖理—背理比劃—比畫《異形詞整理表》burnupsthburnbrightly;burncompletelyburndownburncompletely;beconsumedordestroyedbyfireExamplesandtheirfunctionsburnup-burndownfillin-filloutfillintoaddinformationtoapartofsomethingfillouttocompletesomethingentirely0201異形近義BurnUp1ifsomethingburnsuporisburntup,itiscompletelydestroyedbyfireorheat:Thesatellitewillburnupasitre-enterstheEarth’satmosphere.2burnsomethingup

(informal)tousealotofsomethinginacarelessway:Mosthouseholdappliancesburnuploadsofelectricity.Hejustburnsupmoney!3beburningup

(spoken)ifsomeoneisburningup,theyareveryhot,usuallybecausetheyareill:Feelhisforehead–he’sburningup.4burnsomebodyup(AmericanEnglishinformal)tomakesomeoneveryangry:Thewayhetreatsherreallyburnsmeup.5burnsomethinguptouseenergythatisstoredinyourbody,bybeingphysicallyactive:Aswegetolder,ourbodybecomeslessefficientatburningupcalories.BurnDown1ifabuildingburnsdownorisburneddown,itisdestroyedbyfire:Shewasworriedthatthehousemightburndownwhiletheywereaway.burnsomethingdownTheoldtownhallwasburntdowninthe1970s.2ifafireburnsdown,theflamesbecomeweakeranditproduceslessheatcomeout出來burnout/runout完；結(jié)束Examplesandtheirfunctionsstarsareout-visiblelightsareout-invisible01同形異義outof...astatuemadeoutofbronzeIpaidforthedamageoutofmysavings.Iaskedoutofcuriosity.Shediditoutofspite.從；來源

出于；因為

outof...ItwasanawfuljobandI'mgladtobeoutofit.Tryandstayoutoftrouble.Iwatchedthecaruntilitwasoutofsight.We'reoutofmilk.He'sbeenoutofworkforsixmonths.盡；缺；無離開；脫離

windupHehadforgottentowindhiswatch.Ialwayssaidhewouldwindupinprison.Ifweallagree,let'swindupthediscussion.HestartedwindingthewindowupbutIgrabbedthedoorandopenedit.上發(fā)條

以...告終

結(jié)束

搖上車窗

winddownGlassmotionedtohimtowinddownthewindow.Iregularlyhaveadrinktowinddown.Aidworkershavebegunwindingdowntheiroperation.搖下（車窗）

(疲勞或緊張后)放松一下

（逐漸減少直到）結(jié)束

windv.

/wa?nd/(wound-wound/wa?nd/)1

tohavemanybendsandtwists蜿蜒；曲折而行；迂回Thepathwounddowntothebeach.這條小路彎彎曲曲通向海灘。Theriverwindsitswaybetweentwomeadows.這條河蜿蜒流經(jīng)兩個牧場之間。2towraportwiststharounditselforsthelse卷纏；纏繞；繞成團(tuán)Hewoundthewoolintoaball.他把毛線纏繞成一團(tuán)。W