2/22021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試卷高二英語本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）。第I卷1至8頁，第II卷9至10頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必用2B鉛筆按“正確涂寫”要求涂寫答題卡。2.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。不能答在試卷上。3.考試結(jié)束，考生將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatimpressedthemanaboutthenewtheater?A.Theticketprice.B.Theseats.C.Thesound.2.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A.Listentoalecture.B.Gooutforpizza.C.Workinthegarden.3.Whatdoesthemanneed?A.Anewcomputer.B.Anewmouse.C.Anewcomputerscreen.4.Howdoesthegirlprobablyfeel?A.Happyandexcited.B.Frustratedandupset.C.Scaredandnervous.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.CallJulianAssange.B.WatchthenewsonTV.C.FindsomeinformationontheInternet.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?A.It’sreallyverybig.B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.C.It’snotexpensivetolivethere.7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman’shometown?A.Sunny.B.Cold.C.Wet.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?A.At3:00.B.At4:00.C.At5:00.9.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Theweatherisbad.B.Thereportisnotfinished.C.Anappointmentwillbedelayed.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydoesthemanwanttogetasummerjob?A.Tosavemoneyforacourse.B.Topayhisbrotherback.C.Tosaveforatrip.11.Howwillthewomangetmoney?A.Byborrowingfromherbrother.B.Bydoingapart-timejob.C.Byaskingherparents.12.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.StudyinSpain.B.GetajobinPortugal.C.GotoLatinAmericawiththewoman.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoestheschoolmakethechange?A.Tohavethefoodmachinesrepaired.B.Toencouragestudentstohaveahealthydiet.C.Toencouragestudentstoprotecttheenvironment.14.Whatisthemanconcernedaboutatfirst?A.Wherehewillgetfood.B.Howhecaneathealthily.C.Whathecaneat.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Loseweight.B.Drinkmorewater.C.Eatinthelunchroom.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofbringingfoodtoschool?A.Doubtful.B.Disappointing.C.Good.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydidFagincometothespeaker?A.Torentherhouse.B.Tobuyherhouse.C.Todecorateherhouse.18.WhywasthespeakerhesitantaboutFagin’soffer?A.Shedislikedhim.B.Themoneywasnotmuch.C.They’ddamagesomeofherbelongings.19.Howlongdidittaketopreparethehouseforthefilm?A.Fourdays.B.Amonth.C.Twomonths.20.Whatdidthespeakerdowhenthecrewleft?A.Shewatchedafilm.B.Shevisitedherrelatives.C.Sherepaintedthelivingroom.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWhatIsYourNextDestination?Withthesummervacationdrawingnear,youmayhavealreadymadeawell-structuredtravelplan.Butifyou’restillwonderingwheretoenjoyyourholiday,herearesomepopulardestinationsforyourreference.Clickeachtitletogetmoredetails.TasteTeainChinaTheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountaininPu’erfeaturesabout1.13millionteatrees.LocatedinChina’sYunnanProvince,theregionwasastartingpointofthelegendaryAncientTeaHorseRoad.Manyoftheregion’steaplantationsremain,asdothelocalethnicminoritygroupswhopreservetheirownlanguages,customs,andfestivals.DiveDeepinPalauWhenyouarrivehere,thestampinyourpassportwillincludethePalauPledge(誓約),whichallvisitorsmustsign,promisingthat“theonlyfootprintsIshallleavearethosethatwillwashaway.”Theeco-pledgewasdraftedbyandforthechildrenoftheseremotewesternPacificislandstohelppreservePalau’scultureandenvironmentfromthenegativeimpactsoftourism.RunWildinAustraliaGreenplantsarereappearinginAustralia,ofwhichsome72,000squaremileswereburnedduringthe2019-2020bushfires,leadingtothedeathsofmorethanabillionanimals.DrivetheGreatOceanRoadinVictoria’sOtwaysregion,andthentakeahikeatWildlifeWonders.Wanderingthroughbushesgivesyouachancetospotkoalasuniquetothisecosystem.GoGreeninGermanyMiningandsteelproductiononcedominatedtheRuhrValleyinGerman.Todaytheregionisrepurposingpreviousindustrialsitesasparksandopenairculturalspaces.ThemostfamousistheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofZecheZollverein,nowhometoanoutdoorswimmingpoolandwalkingpaths.YoucanrentabikeinEssenforacar-freeRuhrValleytripalongcyclingroutes.1.Whatcan’tvisitorsdointheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountain?A.Experiencethecustomsofthelocalethnicminoritygroups.B.RidehorsesontheAncientTeaHorseRoad.C.Seeasplendidviewofavastareaofteatrees.D.HaveatasteofPu’ertea.2.WhyarevisitorstoPalaurequiredtomakeapromise?A.Toexperiencetheuniquelocalculture.B.TobetterexplorethePacificOcean.C.Tohelpthechildrensufferingpovertythere.D.Topreventpotentialdamagebroughtbytourism.3.Whichtripbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoybiketripsalongcyclingroutes?A.TasteTeainChina. B.DiveDeepinPalau.CRunWildinAustralia. D.GoGreeninGermany.4.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abrochure. B.Anewspaper. C.Awebsite. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些暑期度假的熱門地點(diǎn)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TasteTeainChina”部分“TheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountaininPu’erfeaturesabout1.13millionteatrees.LocatedinChina’sYunnanProvince,theregionwasastartingpointofthelegendaryAncientTeaHorseRoad.Manyoftheregion’steaplantationsremain,asdothelocalethnicminoritygroupswhopreservetheirownlanguages,customs,andfestivals.(普洱京邁山古茶園約113萬株茶樹。該地區(qū)位于中國(guó)云南省，是傳說中的茶馬古道的起點(diǎn)。該地區(qū)的許多茶園仍然存在，當(dāng)?shù)氐纳贁?shù)民族也保留著自己的語言、習(xí)俗和節(jié)日。)”可知，在景邁山古茶園，游客體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)厣贁?shù)民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、看到一大片茶樹的壯麗景色和品嘗普洱茶，B項(xiàng)“在古老的茶馬古道上騎馬?！睕]有提到。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DiveDeepinPalau”中的“Theeco-pledgewasdraftedbyandforthechildrenoftheseremotewesternPacificislandstohelppreservePalau’scultureandenvironmentfromthenegativeimpactsoftourism.(生態(tài)承諾是由這些遙遠(yuǎn)的西太平洋島嶼的兒童起草并為他們服務(wù)的，目的是幫助保護(hù)帕勞的文化和環(huán)境免受旅游業(yè)的不利影響。)”可知，讓游客簽署承諾的目的是為了防止旅游業(yè)給當(dāng)?shù)貛淼钠茐?。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“YoucanrentabikeinEssenforacar-freeRuhrValleytripalongcyclingroutes.(你可以在Essen租一輛自行車，沿著自行車路線進(jìn)行一次無車的RuhrValley之旅。)”可知，這個(gè)地方最適合喜歡騎自行車的人。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Clickeachtitletogetmoredetails.(點(diǎn)擊每個(gè)標(biāo)題以獲取更多細(xì)節(jié)。)”中的“Clickeachtitle”可推斷，這篇文章來自網(wǎng)站上。故選C。BChildrenstartoutasnaturalscientists.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;there’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.Ioncevisitedaclassroomofseven-year-oldstotalkaboutscienceasajob.Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatinsilence.FinallyIsaid,“Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?”Aboyraisedhishand,“Haveyoueverseenagrasshopper(蚱蜢)eat?WhenItryeatingleaveslikethat,Igetastomachache.Why?”Thisbeganasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours.Secondly,givethemtimetothink.Studieshaveshownthat,afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That’sright”or“Verygood”.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior.Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore,”orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.Neverpushachildtothink.Itdoesn’tmakesense;childrenarealwaysthinking.What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Lastly,show;don’ttell.Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass(放大鏡),andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ists”inparagraph1referto?A.Plans. B.Ideas.C.Textbookquestions. D.Personaldifficulties.6.Howcanadultsmakechildrenanswerquestionsinabetterway?A.Byaskingthemtoanswerquickly. B.Bygivingthemmorepatience.C.Bygivingthemacluetothequestion. D.Byteachingthemtothinklogically.7.Whatshouldadultsdotoencouragechildreninasciencediscussion?A.Performgoodbehavior. B.Givequickpraise.C.Makethediscussionshorter. D.Askmorequestions.8.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtohelpchildrenenjoyscience.B.Howtogetalongwithchildren.C.Howtoenterintoasciencediscussion.D.Howtomakealessonmoreimpressiveforchildren.【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述如何激發(fā)孩子對(duì)科學(xué)的興趣，從而引導(dǎo)孩子學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatinsilence.FinallyIsaid,“Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?””(孩子們問我關(guān)于學(xué)校教育、薪水和我是否喜歡我的工作的“課本問題”。當(dāng)我回答完后，我們靜靜地坐著。最后我說，“現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)完成了你們的lists“清單”，你們對(duì)科學(xué)有什么問題嗎？”)可知，這里的“清單”是指上文提到的孩子們問老師的那一系列問題，所以是指textbookquestions。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.”(當(dāng)成年人把他們的“等待時(shí)間”增加到三秒或更多時(shí)，孩子們會(huì)給出更有邏輯性、完整性和創(chuàng)造性的答案。)可知，要想讓孩子們給出更好的答案，家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該要更有耐心，給孩子們更多的時(shí)間去思考。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore,”orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.”(但是在談?wù)摽茖W(xué)的時(shí)候，快速的贊揚(yáng)可以表明討論結(jié)束了。相反，繼續(xù)說，“這很有趣”或“我以前從來沒有這樣想過”，或提出更多的問題或想法。)可知，要想鼓勵(lì)孩子們參與科學(xué)討論，大人們應(yīng)該提出更多的問題或想法。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;there’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.”(幫助他們享受科學(xué)可以很容易，不需要很多科學(xué)術(shù)語或昂貴的實(shí)驗(yàn)室設(shè)備。首先，傾聽他們的問題。)，第三段中的“Secondly,givethemtimetothink.”(第二，給他們時(shí)間去思考。)，第四段中的“Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.”(第三，注意你的語言。)，第五段中的“Neverpushachildtothink.”(不要強(qiáng)迫孩子去思考。)和最后一段中的“Lastly,show;don’ttell.”(最后，展示給他；不要說。)可知，這篇文章主要從五個(gè)方面講述讓孩子對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣并享受科學(xué)的方法。故選A。CWhenIwasabout4yearsold,Iwasdiagnosedwithalearningdisabilityknownasautism(自閉癥).Itmademymomreallyupsetandforme,itwasveryroughgrowingupwithit,consideringthefactthatIwasn’tabletohaveanactualconversationuntilIwasabout7yearsold.SchoolwasverydifficultformewhenIwasyounger.Teacherswouldalwaysdiscusswithmyparentsaboutwaystoimprovemylearning.IhaveanIndividualEducationPlan(IEP),whichallowsspecialaccommodationsforschool.ButIstillfacesomediscriminationfromschoolstaff.IaskedmymomabouthowthatplayedoutwhenIwasyounger.“Itwasrightwhenyouweregoingintokindergarten,”shesaid.“Istoppedtotalktoyourbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherandIaskedherifshewasreadytohaveyouinherclassthenextyear.Andherresponsewas,‘Idon’tthinkZacharyisgoingtobeagoodfitformyclassroom.’”Shesaidshewasreallyshockedbytheteacher’sresponse,butfinallymanagedtofindanotherkindergartenteacherwhowaswillingtotakemeon.Mymotherisahugeadvocateforme.ShemadesureIgoteverytreatment,campprogramandaccommodations.Sheevencreatedaparentsupportgroupatmyelementaryschool.Shewantedtohelptheparentsthatwerestrugglingandtheonesthatdidn’tknowhowtoadvocatefortheirchildren.BythetimeIgotintomiddleschool,Ididn’tstruggleatschoolanymore.ItoldafewpeoplethatIwasautisticbuttheydidn’tbelievemesinceIlookedquitenormal.Andthat’sallthankstomymother,whosesupportandlovingcarereallyhelpedmethroughthosetoughyears.9.Theauthorfoundhisgrowingupdifficultbecauseof________.A.alearningdisabilitycalledAutism B.hismother’ssadnessC.hisinabilitytospeak D.thedifficultschoolwork10.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Hewasdiagnosedwithautismwhenhewasabout7yearsold.B.Everybodytreatedhimnicelyandhedidn’treceiveanydiscriminationatschool.C.Hisbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherrefusedtohavehiminherclass.D.Hismothercreatedaparentsupportgrouptohelphimovercomethedisease.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toarousepeople’sawarenessofautism. B.Toshowhissufferingscausedbyautism.C.Tocheerupthosediagnosedwithautism. D.Toexpresshisgratitudetohismother.【答案】9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者從小被診斷出患有一種稱為自閉癥的學(xué)習(xí)障礙。他母親是他的大力擁護(hù)者。她的支持和關(guān)愛真的幫助作者度過了那些艱難的歲月。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段“itwasveryroughgrowingupwithit,consideringthefactthatIwasn’tabletohaveanactualconversationuntilIwasabout7yearsold.(對(duì)我來說，在這樣的環(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大是非常艱難的，因?yàn)槲抑钡?歲左右才能夠進(jìn)行真正的對(duì)話。)”可知，因?yàn)樽髡呋忌弦环N叫做自閉癥的學(xué)習(xí)障礙，所以作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的成長(zhǎng)很困難。故選A。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Istoppedtotalktoyourbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherandIaskedherifshewasreadytohaveyouinherclassthenextyear.Andherresponsewas,‘Idon’tthinkZacharyisgoingtobeagoodfitformyclassroom.’”(“我停下來和你哥哥以前的幼兒園老師聊了聊，問她明年是否準(zhǔn)備好讓你上她的課。她的回答是，‘我認(rèn)為扎卡里不會(huì)很適合我的課堂?！?”可知，他哥哥以前的幼兒園老師拒絕讓他來上課。故選C。11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“Andthat’sallthankstomymother,whosesupportandlovingcarereallyhelpedmethroughthosetoughyears.(這一切都要感謝我的母親，她的支持和關(guān)愛真的幫助我度過了那些艱難的歲月。)”可知，作者想要通過這篇文章感謝他的母親。故選D。DHumanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationforover20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceivefreshtreatsfromresupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechancetosample(品嘗)eachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers(辣椒)growninspace.ThecrewfinallyhadachancetotastethepeppersafterinitiallykickingofftheplantexperimentonthespacestationinJuly.PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepepperswereharvestedonFriday.PeppersprovideagreatsourceofvitaminC,aswellasotherkeynutrients.Pepperplantsself-pollinate(自花授粉),sotheyareeasytogrow,andtheyareapick-and-eatcropthatdoesn’thavetobecooked.Theyarealsosafetoeatraw.Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.Butgrowingandtendingtotheplantscanalsoproduceotherbenefits.Astronautshavedescribedthejoyfromseeing—aswellassmellingandcaringfor—leafygreenplantsonthespacestationthatremindthemofEarth.“Growingcolorfulvegetablesinspacecanhavelong-termbenefitsforphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,”saidMattRomeyn,principalinvestigatorfortheexperiment.“Wearediscoveringthatgrowingplantsandvegetableswithcolorsandsmellshelpstoimproveastronauts’well-being.”12.Howisthefoodastronautseatonthespacestation?A.Alwaysfresh. B.Lackofnutrients.C.Nevertasty. D.Fullofvitamins.13.WhatmakesPlantHabitat-04oneofthemostcomplexplantexperiments?A.Thetechnology. B.Growingprocess.C.Thevarietiesofplants. D.Growingtimerequired.14.Whichisthemostprobablereasonforaddingpepperstofoodforastronauts?A.Peppersaredelicious. B.Pepperscanimprovememory.C.Peppershelppreventdiseases. D.Pepperscanrestoreappetite.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFunofGrowingChiliPeppersinSpaceB.TheAgriculturalGoalintheSpaceMissionC.TheFirstChiliPeppersGrowninSpaceD.TheChiliPeppersUsedintheSpaceMission【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了宇航員們?cè)趪?guó)際空間站首次種植辣椒的實(shí)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)情況?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.(包裝食品儲(chǔ)存的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，失去的維生素C和維生素K等營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)就越多)”可知，包裝食品放得時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，它就損失越多營(yíng)養(yǎng)。因此可推知，太空站宇航員吃的食物缺少營(yíng)養(yǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.(PlantHabitat-04是迄今為止軌道實(shí)驗(yàn)室中最復(fù)雜的植物實(shí)驗(yàn)之一，因?yàn)槔苯返纳L(zhǎng)時(shí)間比之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)植物長(zhǎng)得多)”可知，PlantHabitat-04是最為復(fù)雜的植物實(shí)驗(yàn)之一，是因?yàn)槔苯返纳L(zhǎng)周期比其他之前做過實(shí)驗(yàn)的植物長(zhǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.(在零重力環(huán)境下生活的一個(gè)副作用是宇航員經(jīng)常會(huì)失去一些味覺和嗅覺，所以刺激性或調(diào)料豐富的食物是他們的最愛。在菜單中加入新鮮的蔬菜或辣椒可以讓宇航員的日常飲食更有活力)”可知，零重力環(huán)境的一個(gè)副作用是宇航員們經(jīng)常失去一部分味覺和嗅覺，把辣椒添加到食物中可以讓宇航員恢復(fù)食欲。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers(辣椒)growninspace.(周五，國(guó)際空間站為宇航員舉辦了一場(chǎng)派對(duì)，慶祝第一批太空辣椒的收獲)”可知，文章主要介紹了宇航員們?cè)趪?guó)際空間站首次進(jìn)行種植辣椒實(shí)驗(yàn)的相關(guān)情況。C項(xiàng)“第一次在太空種植辣椒”符合文章主旨，適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EasyTipstoReduceYourScreenTimeWhilemoderntechnologyhelpsusincreaseourefficiencyinmanydifferentareas,italsodoesalotofdamage.However,withsomecarefulplanning,youcanlimitthetimeyouspendinfrontofascreen.AvoidscreentimewhileyoueatManypeopleusemealbreakstocatchuponsocialmediapagesandonlinenews.Whilethatmightseemlikeagoodidea,itmakesitimpossibleforyoutogiveyoureyessomerest.____16____Justfocusonthefoodyou’reeatingandenjoyit.LimitscreentimeoutsideofworkIfyouworkinfrontofthecomputerscreenfor8hourseveryday,youshouldlimityourscreentimeoutsideofwork.____17____InsteadofwatchingtheTVandplayingvideogames,youcouldreadabookyoulike.AvoidwatchingTVinbedWatchingTVbeforegoingtosleepisthefavoriteentertainmentformanyofus,butit’salsoveryunhealthy.____18____Anotherproblemisthatinsteadofrelaxingyoureyes,itwillonlyputpressureonthemevenmore.____19____Stayingintouchwiththepeopleyoulovethroughsocialmedianetworksisagoodthingbutspendinghoursinfrontofyourcomputerscreenormobiledevicewon’tdoyouanygood.Insteadofdoingthat,youshouldfreeupsometimeforaface-to-facemeetingratherthanFaceTime.FindsomethingelsetodoDefinitely,lifeismuchmorethanjustpassivelylookingatascreen.____20____Ifnotthat,justgooutsideforawalkaroundtheblock,doanythingelsethanlookingatscreensallday,everyday.A.Goouttorelaxyoureyes.B.Socializemoreinreallife.C.Screentimebeforebedwillmakeitharderforyoutofallasleep.D.That’swhyyoushouldalwaysavoidlookingatascreenwhileyoueat.E.Sogooutside,dosomethingmeaningfulwithfriends,orjustfindahobbytostayactive.F.Thatistosay,youshouldleaveyourworkatworkandusethetimeyouhaveathometorelax.G.Therearemanymoreimportantthingstodoatworkratherthankeepyourselfstaringatthescreenallthetime.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何限制花在屏幕前的時(shí)間?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Avoidscreentimewhileyoueat(吃飯時(shí)避免看屏幕)”可知，本段主要講述的是吃飯的時(shí)候避免看屏幕?？涨啊癢hilethatmightseemlikeagoodidea,itmakesitimpossibleforyoutogiveyoureyessomerest.(雖然這看起來是一個(gè)好主意，但它讓你的眼睛不可能得到一些休息。)”講述的是吃飯的時(shí)候看屏幕所帶來的壞處。選項(xiàng)D“That’swhyyoushouldalwaysavoidlookingatascreenwhileyoueat.(這就是為什么你應(yīng)該避免在吃飯的時(shí)候看屏幕。)”與上文一致，講述了由于吃飯的時(shí)候看屏幕帶來壞處，且符合本段主旨。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Ifyouworkinfrontofthecomputerscreenfor8hourseveryday,youshouldlimityourscreentimeoutsideofwork.(如果你每天對(duì)著電腦屏幕工作8小時(shí)，你就應(yīng)該限制工作之外的時(shí)間。)”可知，作者建議控制工作之外的使用屏幕時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)F“Thatistosay,youshouldleaveyourworkatworkandusethetimeyouhaveathometorelax.(也就是說，你應(yīng)該工作時(shí)好好工作，在家的時(shí)間放松一下。)”符合語境，對(duì)上文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步說明。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Anotherproblemisthatinsteadofrelaxingyoureyes,itwillonlyputpressureonthemevenmore.(另一個(gè)問題是，它不但不能讓你的眼睛放松，反而會(huì)給它們更大的壓力。)”中的“anotherproblem”可知，空處講的是在床上看電視帶來的問題之一。選項(xiàng)C“Screentimebeforebedwillmakeitharderforyoutofallasleep.(睡前看屏幕會(huì)讓你更難入睡。)”正是睡前看電視帶來的一大問題。故選C。【19題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段的中心句。根據(jù)下文“Stayingintouchwiththepeopleyoulovethroughsocialmedianetworksisagoodthingbutspendinghoursinfrontofyourcomputerscreenormobiledevicewon’tdoyouanygood.Insteadofdoingthat,youshouldfreeupsometimeforaface-to-facemeetingratherthanFaceTime.(通過社交媒體網(wǎng)絡(luò)與你愛的人保持聯(lián)系是一件好事，但在電腦屏幕或移動(dòng)設(shè)備前花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)對(duì)你沒有任何好處。與其這樣做，你應(yīng)該騰出一些時(shí)間進(jìn)行面對(duì)面的見面，而不是在社交媒體上見面。)”可知，本段主要是鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中交流。選項(xiàng)B“Socializemoreinreallife.(在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中更多地社交。)”符合段意。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Ifnotthat,justgooutsideforawalkaroundtheblock,doanythingelsethanlookingatscreensallday,everyday.(如果不能這樣，那就到外面繞著街區(qū)走一走，每天做些別的事情，而不是整天盯著屏幕。)”可知，本段是鼓勵(lì)讀者多做做其他事，而不是盯著屏幕。選項(xiàng)E“Sogooutside,dosomethingmeaningfulwithfriends,orjustfindahobbytostayactive.(所以，走出去，和朋友們做一些有意義的事情，或者只是找一個(gè)愛好來保持活躍。)”正是建議讀者做點(diǎn)其他事。故選E。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑?！癢hydidshespillmybeans?Whydidshedothattome?”Iregretteditmyself,andvividlyrememberedthatdaywhenIwas____21____abouttheknowinglookswhicheveryonegaveme.5yearsago,Sallywasanew____22____inourclass.Ididn’tknowwhatbuttherewassomethingspecialaboutherwhich____23____metowardsher.Westartedasclassmates____24____afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends.Itoldheraboutmyfamily’s____25____situation.Sheexaggeratedthematter,addedherownspicestoitandmadeitthemostheatedtopicinschool.Itwaslikesomeonehadstabbedaknifeinmy____26____.Aftershe____27____mysecret,everyoneatschoolstartedlaughingatme,staringatmeandgigglingeverywhereIwent.Ileftschooland____28____toanotheronebecauseIthoughtnoonehadtherighttolaughatme.SallycalledmemanytimesbutIdidn’t____29____.MyheartisbrokenbecausethepersonItrustedthemostgavemeaway.Itriedhardto_____30_____thosescarsfrommyheartandstartedanewlife.OnedayImetAnnainthemarket,shewasmyclassmatefrom3rdgrade.Tomy_____31_____,sheadmittedtomethatshehadoverheardour_____32_____andbroughtmysecretto_____33_____.Iwasallatsea,andfeltthatthegroundcollapsed_____34_____myfeet.FromthatIgotalessoninlifethatweshouldtrustourlovedones,becauseonemistakecanruinourlife.Iwassoembarrassedthatittookyearsto_____35_____mymistake.21.A.confused B.particular C.excited D.enthusiastic22.A.relation B.addition C.permission D.participation23.A.introduced B.attracted C.reminded D.turned24.A.or B.so C.also D.but25.A.artificial B.terrific C.reliable D.terrible26.A.head B.arm C.back D.hand27.A.knew B.kept C.revealed D.hid28.A.admitted B.shifted C.attended D.preferred29A.answer B.accept C.make D.refuse30.A.cure B.dress C.repair D.remove31.A.anxiety B.relief C.amazement D.delight32.A.quarrel B.conversation C.argument D.discussion33.A.air B.reality C.life D.light34.A.over B.besides C.beneath D.along35.A.make B.correct C.fix D.realize【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.D26.C27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者誤會(huì)是曾經(jīng)的好友泄露了自己的秘密，而一直不肯原諒對(duì)方，后來當(dāng)?shù)弥嫦嗪?，作者才意識(shí)到了自己所犯的錯(cuò)誤?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己也很后悔，我還清楚地記得那天我對(duì)每個(gè)人給我的會(huì)意的眼神感到困惑。A.confused困惑的；B.particular特殊、特別的；C.excited興奮的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)下文“theknowinglookswhicheveryonegaveme.”說明作者對(duì)別人給自己的那種會(huì)意的表情感到困惑。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五年前，薩莉是我們班的新成員。A.relation關(guān)系；B.addition增加，新增人員；C.permission允許；D.participation參與。根據(jù)上文的“new”可知，Sally是我們班的新增成員。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道是什么，但她身上有某種特別的東西吸引著我。A.introduced介紹；B.attracted吸引；C.reminded提醒；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)下文“afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends”可知，Sally身上有吸引作者的地方，所以兩個(gè)人才成為好朋友。故選B。【24題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一開始是同學(xué)，但幾個(gè)月后就成了最好的朋友。A.or否則；B.so因此；C.also和、也；D.but但是。前一句“Westartedasclassmates”，后一句“afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends.”，由同學(xué)變成最好的朋友，前后兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴她我家庭的糟糕狀況。A.artificial人造的；B.terrific極好的；C.reliable可依靠的；D.terrible恐怖的、糟糕的。根據(jù)下文“everyoneatschoolstartedlaughingatme,staringatmeandgigglingeverywhereIwent.”推知，作者把自己家庭情況糟糕告訴了Sally，以至于全校皆知，所有人都嘲笑作者。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像有人在我背后捅了一刀。A.head頭；B.arm胳膊；C.back背；D.hand手。根據(jù)下文“MyheartisbrokenbecausethepersonItrustedthemostgavemeaway.”可知，作者認(rèn)為被信任的人出賣了，所以是覺得有人在背后捅了一刀。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在她泄露了我的秘密之后，學(xué)校里的每個(gè)人都開始嘲笑我，盯著我看，我走到哪里都在傻笑。A.knew知道；B.kept維持；C.revealed揭露、泄露；D.hid躲藏。根據(jù)上文“Sheexaggeratedthematter,addedherownspicestoitandmadeitthemostheatedtopicinschool.”和此處同學(xué)們的嘲笑可知，作者認(rèn)為她泄露了作者的秘密。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我離開學(xué)校，轉(zhuǎn)到另一所學(xué)校，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為沒有人有權(quán)利嘲笑我。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.shifted轉(zhuǎn)變；C.attended參加；D.preferred更喜歡。根據(jù)上文“Ileftschool”可知，作者轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)了。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：莎莉給我打了很多次電話，但我沒有接。A.answer接聽；B.accept接受；C.make制造；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Sallycalledme”可知，此處是指接聽電話。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我努力抹去心中的傷疤，開始新的生活。A.cure治愈；B.dress穿；C.repair修理；D.remove去除。根據(jù)下文“startedanewlife.”可知，作者努力像抹去心中的傷疤。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認(rèn)，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.anxiety焦慮；B.relief寬慰；C.amazement驚奇；D.delight高興。根據(jù)下文“sheadmittedtomethatshehadoverheardour____12____andbroughtmysecretto____13____.”可知，是Anna泄露了作者的秘密，而作者一直以為是Sally泄露了自己的秘密。所以，得知真相后，作者是感到吃驚。故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認(rèn)，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.quarrel吵架；B.conversation對(duì)話；C.argument爭(zhēng)論；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)第三段“Itoldheraboutmyfamily’s____5____situation.”可知，Anna偷聽了作者和Sally之間的談話。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認(rèn)，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.air空氣；B.reality實(shí)際；C.life生活；D