試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2025-2026學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高中階段聯(lián)考（10月階段考）高三英語本試卷共8頁，共47小題，滿分120分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對應(yīng)題目后面的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AVolunteerOpportunitiesattheLocalCommunityCenterTheLocalCommunityCenterisseekingvolunteerstojoinourteamandcontributetomakingourcommunityabetterplace.Herearetheavailablevolunteerpositionsanddetails.FoodBankAssistanceHelporganizeanddistributefooddonationstocommunitymembersinneed.Dutiesincludesortingandpackingfoodboxes,andassistingwiththedistributionprocess.ShiftsareavailableeveryWednesdayandFridayafternoonfrom1:00p.m.—3:00p.m.CommunityGardenProjectMaintainourcommunitygardenbyplanting,watering,weeding,andharvesting.Nopriorgardeningexperienceisnecessary,butwillingnesstolearnisimportant.WeworkeverySaturdaymorningfrom9:00a.m.—12:00p.m..Volunteerswillguidetheelderlyingardeningpractices.ElderlycompanionProgramSpendqualitytimewiththeelderly.Thiscouldinvolvechatting,playinggames,oraccompanyingthemonwalks.Volunteersneedtobegoodlistenersandhaveacaringnature.Visitscanbearrangedonweekends.After-SchooltutoringProgramAssiststudentsfromelementarytohighschoolwiththeirhomework,coveringvarioussubjectslikemath,English,andscience.Volunteersshouldbepatientandabletoexplainconceptsclearly.Sessionsareheldfrom3:30p.m.—5:30p.m.onweekdays.Pleasenotethatallvolunteersmustbeatleast16andarerequiredtocompleteaone-hoursafetyandtrainingsession.Ifyou’reinterested,applybyOctober26thatorinpersonattheCommunityCenter.Comeandbepartofourcommunity!1．WhatisavolunteerexpectedtodointheCommunityGardenProject?A．Toofferguidanceonskills. B．Todevelopnewcurriculum.C．Toprovidethemedicalcare. D．Toexplaincomplexconcepts.2．Ifavolunteerisonlyfreeonweekdayafternoonsafter3p.m.,whichactivityismostsuitable?A．FoodBankAssistance. B．CommunityGardenProject.C．ElderlycompanionProgram. D．After-SchooltutoringProgram.3．Whichofthefollowingisarequirementforallvolunteers?A．Attendingatrainingsession. B．Havingpreviousexperience.C．Passingabackgroundcheck. D．Beingavailableonweekends.BAnold-fashioneddiesel(柴油)traintravelsthroughcentralItaly,crossingscenicforestsandgivingtouristsaglimpseofhiddenvillages.Thisline,calledthe“ItalianTrans-Siberian”foritslongandimmersivejourney,wasopenedaspartofthe“Timelesstracks”project.Thisprojectisaimedatofferingvisitorsachancetogetawayfromfast-pacedlifeinmajorcities.Afteraclimbofnearly1,000meters,thetrainreachesitsfirststop:anancienthill-toptownknownforitsbreathtakingviews.There,traditionalfolkmusicgreetsvisitorsastheystepoffthetrain,andtheycanfindlocalfoodsuchassoftpancakesaswellashandicraftsfromlocalartisans,waitingforthematthestation.Visitorsenjoyingtheselocalofferingscanexperienceamodernrevivalofthesehistoricroutes.AsprojectleaderSofiaexplained,“Thesearetracksthathavelivedthroughdifferenttimes.Theyoriginallycarriedsoldierstothefrontandcowstograssland...Althoughtheyweremistakenlyconsidereduselessduringthe1960sand1970s,theyhavenowregainedtheirvalue.”Thetrainpassesthroughvillagesthathavelonglosttheirpopulationduetoadecreasingbirthrateandyoungerpeopleleavingforbiggercities.However,thetrainhasnowbroughtanewlife.Asingleticketcosts50eurosforadults,withminors(under18)andseniors(over60)payinghalftheprice.Itisestimatedthateachpassengerspendsanadditional60-150eurosonaverageforfood,accommodation,andsouvenirs,whichgreatlysupportstheeconomyofvillages.Theprojectnowbrings45,000touristsayearacrossits13lines.Sofiaexpectstoopentwonewonesby2026,bothinthesouthernregionofSicily,abeautifulislandinItaly.Unlikehigh-speedtrains,thistrainexperienceisnotaboutspeedbutaboutallowingtouriststoleisurelyappreciatethesceneryalongthejourney.“WhatwereconsideredtobethedrybranchesofItaly’strainnetworkhavenowprovedtobethegreenshoots,”shesaid.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthe“Timelesstracks”project?A．Toreplacethehigh-speedtrain.B．Toprovideanescapefrombusylife.C．Tocarrysoldierstothefrontbattlefields.D．Tosupplyvillagerswithachancetotravelbytrain.5．Whywerethesetrainlinesonceconsidereduseless?A．Theyweretooexpensivetomaintain. B．Theywerenolongerfororiginaluses.C．Theyweretooslowformoderntravel. D．Theycouldnotcarryenoughpassengers.6．Howdoesthetrainhelpsupportthelocalvillageseconomically?A．Ittransportslocalproducts. B．Itprovidesdiscountedtickets.C．Itcreatesjobsforyoungpeople. D．Itencouragestouriststoconsume.7．WhatdoesSofiawanttoimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Protectionofenvironment. B．Growthoftouristnumbers.C．Rebirthofoldtrainroutes. D．Increaseoftransportspeed.CInthenorthIndiandeserttownofJaisalmer,whichisalsoknownas“TheGoldenCity”foritsarrayofyellowsandstonearchitecture,temperaturescanreachabout120degreesFahrenheit(49℃)attheheightofsummer.Here,buildingshavelongbeendesignedtoadapttotheheat,atraditionthatNewYorkarchitectDianaKellogghasfollowedwithherworkontheRajkumariRatnavatiGirls’School.Theprojectismeanttoempowergirlsthrougheducationinaregionwherethefemaleliteracyrate(識字率)isthelowestinIndia.Namedthe2020“BuildingoftheYear”byArchitecturalDigestIndia,theeco-friendlysandstoneschoolopenedinNovember2021and120girlsarecurrentlyadmittedinitscurriculum.DesigningacomfortablelearningspacecanbechallengingintheheartoftheThardesert,whereclimatechangeismakingdroughtlongerandmoreintense.Kellogg,whousuallydesignshigh-endresidentialprojects,wasmotivatedbya2014triptoJaisalmer.Shewantedthebuildingtosymbolizethehopeofthedesertbycombiningaspectsoftime-honoredJaisalmerarchitecturewithamoderndesign.“Therearemethodstocoolspacesthathavebeenusedforcenturies.WhatIdidistoputthemtogetherinacombinationthatworked,”Kelloggsaid,addingthatindoortemperaturesattheschoolareapproximately20-30degreesFahrenheitlowerthantheoutdoors.Forthestructure,shechosetouselocallysourcedsandstone—aclimate-resilientmaterialthat’sbeenlongusedforbuildingsinthearea.“It’ssoabundantinthisarea.It’sveryreasonableinpriceandthestoneissomanageablethattalentedstonemasonscanshapeitlikemagicians,”Kelloggsaid.Airconditioningisn’tusedanywhereinthebuilding,notjustbecauseofitsenvironmentalimpactbutbecauseitisn’tcommoninthearea.Byadoptingtraditionalandnaturalcoolingmechanismsthatthestudentsarefamiliarwithinstead,shebelievestheycangetsenseofcomfortfromtheirsurroundings,leadingtogreaterconfidence.8．WhatwastheRajkumariRatnavatiGirls’Schoolintendedtodo?A．Tostrengthengirls’abilitiesbyschooling. B．Toshowcaseitsmodernarchitecturalskills.C．ToattractmoretouriststotheIndiandesert. D．Toofferfreeeducationtothelocalchildren.9．HowdidKelloggovercomethechallenge?A．Byshorteningthetimeofconstruction.B．Byusingthemostadvancedcoolingtechnology.C．Bycopyingthestyleofhigh-endresidentialprojects.D．Bycombiningtraditionalmethodswithmoderndesign.10．Whywassandstonechosentobuildtheschool?A．Itrepresentedthespiritofhope. B．Itwastheonlymaterialavailablethere.C．Itwaslocal,cheapandeasytoworkwith. D．Itmadethebuildinglookmoreadvanced.11．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheChallengesofBuildingintheTharDesert B．ASchoolEmpoweringGirlswithSmartDesignC．TheHottestCityandItsTraditionalArchitecture D．DianaKellogg:AFamousArchitectinNewYorkDFormostofhumanhistory,thereweretworeasonswhypeoplestudiedthenaturalworld:tostayalive;ortosatisfytheircuriosity.Fromfarmingandbuildingtodroppingballsfromtowersandcreatingtelescopes,theseeffortssowedtheseedsforscienceaswenowknowit.Overtime,sciencebecamemoreorganized.Atfirst,independenthobbyistslikeDarwinwerecommon.Butlater,clearlinesweredrawn:expertsworkedinside,whileamateursstayedoutside.Theseloversofscience,whostudiednatureordidexperimentsontheirown,wereoftenseenasoddorstrange.Butnowthere’sarevolutiongoingon.Allyouneedisabitofsparetime,andstabletelecommunications.Allsortsofpeopleinallsortsofplacesarepursuingscienceasneverbefore.Thiscomesinmanyflavors-citizenscientists,DIYscientists,andsoon.Andallofthemarefascinatedbyscienceandtheywon’tbedeniedtheirplaceattheworld’sintellectualfeast.“Asidefromsortingrawdataandturningitintousefulinformation,massparticipationcanhelpuscollectdesperatelyneededbigdatafromhard-to-reachplaces.Gettingpeopleinvolvedonamassivescalecouldreallychangeourunderstandingofourselves,”saysSteveSwithenbyoftheOpenUniversity’sOpenSciencelab.Scientificinstitutionsseemtobestartingtoseethevalueininvolvingthepublicinresearchinnewways,withtheOpenSciencelableadingtheway.“Citizensciencehasbeenprojectedassomethingspecialanddifferentbutwhatwe’retryingtodoislinkcitizenscienceintoscienceenquiry,wherepeopleofdifferentlevelsofscientificunderstandingcaninputintotheeffortbypractice,enquiryandengagement,”saysSwithenby.What’smore,thisnewscienceisalsoasymptomofanimportantculturalshift.Notonlyarepeopleeducatedinandengagedbyscience,thescientificinstitutionsareopeneduptoamoreprogressivewayofoperating-onethatrecognisesthepowerandvalueofbringing“amateurs”onboard.12．Whatwasshownaboutscienceinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Itwassimpleandeasyinthepast.B．Itmainlyreliedonadvancedtechnology.C．Itgraduallybecamemorestructuredthanbefore.D．Itsparticipantswerealwaysprofessionalexperts.13．Whatisthekeynewtrendinsciencediscussed?A．Telecommunicationsareimportantforscience.B．Scienceisbecomingmoreintellectualthanever.C．Scientistsarenowseenasoddandstrangepeople.D．Publicinvolvementisnowvitaltoscientificresearch.14．WhatisSwithenby’sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Itisavaluablepartofscientificresearch. B．Itshouldbeaseparatefieldfromscience.C．Itislessimportantthanprofessionalresearch. D．Itsuitspeoplewithlittlescientificknowledge.15．Thephrase“onboard”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A．travelingonashiporaplaneB．beingemployedasascientistC．beingwelcomedtoparticipateD．receivingformalscienceeducation第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EasyTipsforHealthyTeethAbright,healthysmilemakesyoufeelconfident.Butdoyouknowhowtokeepyourteethstrongandclean?Takingcareofyourteethisn’thard—youjustneedtofollowsomesimpledailyhabits.Let’slearneasytipstoprotectyouroralhealth.●BrushYourTeethEveryDayBrushingisthefirststeptocleanteeth.Everyoneknowsweshouldbrushourteethtwiceaday:onceinthemorningandoncebeforebed.16Useasoft-bristled(軟毛的)toothbrushandalittlefluoride(氟)toothpaste.Movethebrushinsmallcircles,notbackandforthhard—thiskeepsyourgums(牙齦)safe.Spendabouttwominuteseachtime,anddon’tforgettobrushyourtonguetoo.Ithelpswithbadbreath.●Usefloss(牙線)toCleanBetweenTeethAtoothbrushcan’treachthesmallspacesbetweenyourteeth.That’swhereflosshelps.Youmightthinkflossingistrickyatfirst,butitgetseasierwithpractice.Justtakeapieceofflossabout20cmlong,wrapmostofitaroundyourmiddlefingers,andholdasmallparttight.Gentlyslideitbetweeneachpairofteeth.17●StopBadHabitsforTeethSomesmallhabitscanhurtyourteethwithoutyounoticing.18Forexample,don’tuseyourteethtoopenplasticbagsorbitenails—thiscanchiporbreakyourteeth.Ifyoulikechewingice,stoptoo.Iceishardandcandamageyourenamel(釉質(zhì)).Also,ifyouplaysportslikebasketballorsoccer,wearamouthguard.Itprotectsyourteethfromhits.●19Whatyouputinyourmouthaffectsyourteeth.Sugaryfoodsanddrinksarethebiggestenemiesofhealthyteeth.Eatingtoomanysweetsnackscanleadtotoothpainandcavities,becausebacteriainyourmouthwillturnsugarintoacid.Thisacidhurtsyourtoothenamelwhichisthehardouterlayerofyourteeth.Instead,eatmorefruits,vegetables,anddairy,likemilkorcheese—theyhelpmaketeethstrong.Drinkwateroftentoo,especiallyaftereating.●VisittheDentistRegularlyEvenifyoubrushandflosswell,youneedtoseethedentist.Adentisthasspecialtoolstokeepyourteethinbettershape.20Theyalsocleanyourteethmoredeeplythanyoucanathome,removingtoughplaque(牙菌斑).Trytogotothedentisteverysixmonths—it’snotscary,anditkeepsyoursmilehealthy!Takingcareofyourteethisalifelonghabit.Starttheseeasystepsnow,andyou’llhaveahappy,healthysmileforyears!A．WatchWhatYouEatandDrinkB．ChooseFreshFruitsandVegetablesC．Thisremovesfoodbitsthatbrushingmisses.D．Thesehabitsseemsmall,buttheycancausebigproblemsforyourteeth.E．However,brushingintherightwayisalsoasimportantasbrushingoften.F．Theycanlookforcavitiesorgumproblemsatanearlystagewhenit’seasytofixthem.G．Brushinginthemorningcleansfoodfromnight,andbrushingatnightremovesday’sdirt.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnalazySaturdaymorning,sunlightcastasoftglowonthecosyapartment.JohnandhisnewbrideTarawerebeginningtheirnewoflifetogether.Astheysatatthebreakfasttable,sharingquietconversations,thedoorbell.Theyexchangedaglance,wonderingwhocouldbevisitingatthisearlyhour.Taragotupandwalkedtothedoor.Uponopeningthedoor,shefoundLuna,herclosestfriendstandingtherewithababykitteninherarms.“Surprise”Lunaexclaimed,thekittenforhertosee.“Aweddinggiftforyou”.Tara’sheartatthefirstsightofthelittlecreature.Shetookthekittenintoherarmsandmanagedtosay“Thankyou,Luna.”However,John,whohadimaginedtheirearlymarriedlifeasapeacefultimeforjusthimandTara,feltthatthekittenmightmakeamessintheircleanapartment.Thenextweekprovedhim.Thekitten,whichTaranamedCharles,alwayscurledupquietlyonthecouchwhentheyworked,andevenwaitedbythedoorwhenJohnreturnedhome.Amonthlater,Johndraggedhisfeetbackfromwork,clearlyinabad.Despitehishardworkanddedicationinhiswork,hehadnotreceivedthehehadhopedfor.Ashesatonthecouchandlostinhisthoughts,Charleshissadness,andnestled（依偎）inhislap.Thissimpleactbroughtwarmthandthatwordscouldnotprovide.Atthatmoment,John’smeltedaway.Hestroked（撫摸）thekitten’ssoftfur,realizingthislittlecreaturewhichhe’doncethoughtwasa,nowwastheonebringinghimcomfort.Fromthatdayon,Charleswasn’tjustapet,hewasabelovedoftheirsmallfamily.21．A．journey B．meal C．voyage D．walk22．A．knocked B．sang C．rang D．shouted23．A．excited B．curious C．a(chǎn)ngry D．calm24．A．holdingout B．pickingup C．takingback D．givingaway25．A．stopped B．broke C．beat D．melted26．A．shyly B．gently C．rudely D．suddenly27．A．excited B．happy C．worried D．surprised28．A．foolish B．right C．wrong D．clever29．A．shape B．health C．luck D．mood30．A．gift B．promotion C．letter D．prize31．A．sensed B．heard C．saw D．smelt32．A．fear B．sadness C．a(chǎn)nger D．comfort33．A．frustration B．hesitation C．loneliness D．illness34．A．helper B．friend C．burden D．hero35．A．part B．member C．player D．guest第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。XunpuhasattractedwideattentiononlineafterseveralstarssharedphotosofthemselveswearingakindoflocalheadwearcalledZanhuawei(簪花圍).Xunpuisasmallfishingvillage36(locate)inacounty10kilometersfromthecenterofthecityofQuanzhouinFujianProvince.Zanhuaweiisatypeofflowerheadwearwornbylocalwomen,knownas“thegardenonthehead”.Itis37importantpartofXunpuwomen’sdressculture.AsanoldsayinginXunpugoes,“Putflowersinyourhairinthislife,38you’llalsobeprettyintheafterlife.”Thetraditionofwearingflowers39(be)partofXunpuwomen’slivessincetheTangDynasty.Xunpuisfamousfor40(it)excellentseafood.Whenwomenselltheirseafoodatthelocalmarket,theywearflowersintheirhairsobuyerscan41(easy)distinguish(區(qū)別)themfromsellersfromnearbyvillages.Xunpuwomen42areamongthethreemajorgroupsoffishingwomeninFujian,usuallywearseasonalflowersandoftenpresentthemasgifts43bigdays.Localpeopleoftensay,“WhenXunpuwomenputazanhuaontheirheads,theyexpresstheirwishesfor44(happy),andtheflowersareseenasasymbolofhope.”Zanhuawei45(list)asanationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2008.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，學(xué)校英語報正以“AMomentofWarmthinMySeniorYear”為題征稿。請你寫一篇短文，分享一個在高三讓你感到溫暖或鼓舞的瞬間，內(nèi)容包括：（1）簡要描述事件經(jīng)過；（2）你的感受。注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；（2）請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。AMomentofWarmthinMySeniorYear_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。NeighborsAreLikeFamiliesIwasalwaysafraidofstorms,eversinceachildhoodincidentthatIneverforgot.Thatday,Ifeltthatsamefearagain.Itwasadarkandstormyafternoon.Thewindwasblowinghardandtherainwasfallingheavily.Thetreeswereshakingwildly.Suddenly,therewasaloudCRACKAstronggustofwindhadblownoverthebigtreeinmyyard.ItfellrightontotheroofofmyhousewithahugeBANGThewholehouseshook.Justthen,somethingfellandhitmyhead.Ialmostfelldown,feelingaslightpainonmyforehead.Outside,thestormwasstillloudandeverythingfeltlikeitwasspinning（旋轉(zhuǎn)）.Iwasfrozeninplace,feelinghelplessandsoscared.Later,thewindstoppedandtherainslowed.Itwasquietanddarkinsidemyhouse.Iwasstandingindespairinmydamagedlivingroom.Seeingthebrokenglassandwoodonthefloor,Iwasataloss,notknowingwhattodonext.Justatthatmoment,abeamoflightshonedirectlyintomyeyes—itwasmyneighborMr.Johnson.Hewasaquietman.Weusuallyjustnoddedhelloandneverreallytalked.Hewasholdingaflashlightandlookedveryworried.Mr.Johnsonheldmyarmfirmly.“It’sokay.Iknowhowitfeels,”hesaid.Hetookmetohisgaragewhichwassafe,dry,andcleaninside.Hefoundhisfirst-aidkitandgentlycleanedthecutonmyhead.“Stormscanbescary,”hesaidinasoftvoice.“Don’tworry.Let’scheckyourhousetogether”.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右。2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Then,hehandedmeaflashlightandwewalkedbacktomydamagedhometogether._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Hourslater,asthelastboxwassettleddown,IhandedMr.Johnsonasteamingcupoftea._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．A2．D3．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇社區(qū)中心志愿者招聘啟事，介紹了食品援助、社區(qū)園藝、老年陪伴和課后輔導(dǎo)四項志愿服務(wù)的具體內(nèi)容、時間及要求，并提供報名方式與截止日期，號召公眾參與社區(qū)建設(shè)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CommunityGardenProject部分“Volunteerswillguidetheelderlyingardeningpractices.(志愿者們將指導(dǎo)老年人進行園藝活動)”可知，在社區(qū)花園項目中，志愿者需要提供技能指導(dǎo)。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)After-SchooltutoringProgram部分“Sessionsareheldfrom3:30p.m.—5:30p.m.onweekdays.(活動時間定在每周工作日的下午3:30至5:30)”可知，如果一位志愿者只有在工作日下午3點以后的時段有空，課后輔導(dǎo)項目最為合適。故選D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Pleasenotethatallvolunteersmustbeatleast16andarerequiredtocompleteaone-hoursafetyandtrainingsession.(請注意，所有志愿者必須年滿16歲，并且需要參加一個一小時的安全及培訓(xùn)課程)”可知，參加培訓(xùn)課程是所有志愿者都必須滿足的條件。故選A。4．B5．B6．D7．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了意大利的“永恒軌道”項目，該項目旨在通過老式柴油火車帶領(lǐng)游客穿越意大利中部，體驗隱藏的村莊和歷史悠久的路線，為游客提供遠離大城市快節(jié)奏生活的機會，并促進了當(dāng)?shù)卮迩f的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisprojectisaimedatofferingvisitorsachancetogetawayfromfast-pacedlifeinmajorcities.(這個項目旨在為游客提供一個遠離大城市快節(jié)奏生活的機會。)”可知，“永恒軌道”項目的主要目的是為游客提供一個遠離大城市快節(jié)奏生活的機會。故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyoriginallycarriedsoldierstothefrontandcowstograssland...Althoughtheyweremistakenlyconsidereduselessduringthe1960sand1970s,theyhavenowregainedtheirvalue.(它們最初是把士兵運送到前線，把牛運送到草地……盡管在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代，它們被錯誤地認(rèn)為毫無用處，但現(xiàn)在它們又重新獲得了價值。)”可知，這些火車線路最初是用來運送士兵和牛的，但后來它們不再用于原來的用途，所以被認(rèn)為毫無用處。故選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itisestimatedthateachpassengerspendsanadditional60-150eurosonaverageforfood,accommodation,andsouvenirs,whichgreatlysupportstheeconomyofvillages.(據(jù)估計，每位乘客平均額外花費60-150歐元用于食物、住宿和紀(jì)念品，這極大地支持了村莊的經(jīng)濟。)”可知，火車通過鼓勵游客消費來幫助支持當(dāng)?shù)卮迩f的經(jīng)濟。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Unlikehigh-speedtrains,thistrainexperienceisnotaboutspeedbutaboutallowingtouriststoleisurelyappreciatethesceneryalongthejourney.“WhatwereconsideredtobethedrybranchesofItaly’strainnetworkhavenowprovedtobethegreenshoots,”shesaid.(與高速列車不同，這種火車體驗不在于速度，而在于讓游客悠閑地欣賞沿途的風(fēng)景?！澳切┍徽J(rèn)為是意大利鐵路網(wǎng)干枯分支的線路，現(xiàn)在被證明是新的生機，”她說。)”可知，索菲亞在最后一段想暗示舊火車路線的重生。故選C。8．A9．D10．C11．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了印度杰伊瑟爾梅爾的一所女子學(xué)校，采用當(dāng)?shù)厣皫r和傳統(tǒng)降溫設(shè)計，無需空調(diào)即可保持室內(nèi)涼爽，旨在提升該地區(qū)女性教育水平并適應(yīng)沙漠氣候。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theprojectismeanttoempowergirlsthrougheducationinaregionwherethefemaleliteracyrate(識字率)isthelowestinIndia.(該項目旨在通過教育來提升該地區(qū)女孩的素質(zhì)，因為在印度這個地區(qū)，女性的識字率是最低的)”可知，拉杰庫瑪麗·拉特納瓦蒂女子學(xué)校當(dāng)初的辦學(xué)目的是通過教育來增強女生的能力。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“DesigningacomfortablelearningspacecanbechallengingintheheartoftheThardesert,whereclimatechangeismakingdroughtlongerandmoreintense.(在塔爾沙漠中心設(shè)計一個舒適的學(xué)習(xí)空間可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)，因為氣候變化使干旱時間更長、更嚴(yán)重。)”以及“Shewantedthebuildingtosymbolizethehopeofthedesertbycombiningaspectsoftime-honoredJaisalmerarchitecturewithamoderndesign.(她希望這座建筑能夠通過將歷史悠久的賈伊薩勒姆建筑風(fēng)格與現(xiàn)代設(shè)計相結(jié)合，來象征沙漠地區(qū)的希望)”可知，凱洛格通過將傳統(tǒng)方法與現(xiàn)代設(shè)計相結(jié)合來克服沙漠氣候變化所帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Forthestructure,shechosetouselocallysourcedsandstone-aclimate-resilientmaterialthat’sbeenlongusedforbuildingsinthearea.“It’ssoabundantinthisarea.It’sveryreasonableinpriceandthestoneissomanageablethattalentedstonemasonscanshapeitlikemagicians,”Kelloggsaid.(在建筑結(jié)構(gòu)方面，她選擇了使用當(dāng)?shù)亻_采的砂巖——這是一種具有氣候適應(yīng)性的材料，在該地區(qū)長期以來一直被用于建筑建設(shè)?！斑@種材料在這一地區(qū)非常豐富。價格也很合理，而且這種石頭易于處理，技藝精湛的石匠們能夠像魔術(shù)師一樣將其雕琢成型?！眲P洛格說道)”可知，選擇用砂巖來建造這所學(xué)校是因為它是當(dāng)?shù)氐牟牧?，價格低廉，而且易于加工。故選C。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Here,buildingshavelongbeendesignedtoadapttotheheat,atraditionthatNewYorkarchitectDianaKellogghasfollowedwithherworkontheRajkumariRatnavatiGirls’School.Theprojectismeanttoempowergirlsthrougheducationinaregionwherethefemaleliteracyrate(識字率)isthelowestinIndia.(在這里，建筑的設(shè)計一直會考慮到如何應(yīng)對炎熱的氣候，而紐約建筑師戴安娜·凱洛格在其設(shè)計的拉杰庫瑪麗·拉特納瓦蒂女子學(xué)校項目中，也延續(xù)了這一傳統(tǒng)。該項目旨在通過教育手段提升該地區(qū)女孩的受教育水平，因為在印度這個地區(qū)，女性的識字率是最低的)”以及全文以“女?！睘楹诵?，雙線并進：①通過教育賦能女孩；②以智能生態(tài)設(shè)計應(yīng)對酷熱?？芍?，B選項“一座通過巧妙設(shè)計賦予女孩力量的學(xué)校”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。12．C13．D14．A15．C【詳解】本文探討了科學(xué)參與模式的演變：從早期個體研究到專業(yè)與業(yè)余的區(qū)分，如今正回歸大眾參與。公民科學(xué)通過集體力量貢獻數(shù)據(jù)與發(fā)現(xiàn)，既提升了公眾科學(xué)素養(yǎng)，也推動了科研機構(gòu)的開放與革新。32.C推理判斷題。首兩段梳理科學(xué)形態(tài)演變：從“個人好奇/生存需求”到“有組織、分內(nèi)外行”，即“逐漸結(jié)構(gòu)化”，C項準(zhǔn)確。A項“簡單容易”無依據(jù)；B項“依賴先進技術(shù)”與第二段“hobbyists”時代矛盾；D項“參與者始終是專家”與首段“tworeasons”含業(yè)余者相悖。33.D推理判斷題。第三段起聚焦新趨勢:“Allsortsofpeopleinallsortsofplacesarepursuingscienceasneverbefore.”各種地方各種各樣的人都在以前所未有的方式追求科學(xué)。倒數(shù)第三行“Getpeopleinvolvedonamassivescalecouldreallychangeourunderstandingofourselves,”讓人們大規(guī)模參與進來真的會改變我們對自己的理解。對應(yīng)D項“公眾參與對科研至關(guān)重要”的論點。A項“電信重要”僅為條件，非趨勢本身；B項“比過去更需要智力的”文中沒有體現(xiàn)；C項與第二段過去時態(tài)“wereseenasodd”混淆。34.A態(tài)度意圖題。第四段中Swithenby的話“whatwe’retryingtoislinkcitizenscienceintoscienceenquiry”將市民科學(xué)與科學(xué)探究聯(lián)系起來，可見他認(rèn)為其是“科研有價值的一部分”，A項正確。B項“應(yīng)獨立成域”與“l(fā)inkinto”相反；C項“不如專業(yè)研究重要”無依據(jù)；D項“適合少科學(xué)知識者”縮小了“allsortsofpeople”范圍。35.C詞義猜測題。末句“bringing‘a(chǎn)mateurs’onboard”與上文“involvingthepublic”“openeduptoamoreprogressiveway”同義呼應(yīng)，意為“歡迎公眾參與”，C項準(zhǔn)確。A項“乘船/飛機”為字面義；B項“聘為科學(xué)家”過度；D項“接受正規(guī)教育”未提及。16．E17．C18．D19．A20．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章圍繞牙齒健康展開，介紹了保持牙齒強健清潔的五個簡單實用的日常技巧。16．上文“Everyoneknowsweshouldbrushourteethtwiceaday:onceinthemorningandoncebeforebed.(每個人都知道我們應(yīng)該每天刷兩次牙：一次在早上，一次在睡前)”說明了刷牙的頻率，下文“Useasoft-bristled(軟毛的)toothbrushandalittlefluoride(氟) toothpaste.Movethebrushinsmallcircles,notbackandforthhard—thiskeepsyourgums(牙齦) safe.Spendabouttwominuteseachtime,anddon’tforgettobrushyourtonguetoo.Ithelpswithbadbreath.(使用軟毛牙刷和少量含氟牙膏。以小圈的方式移動牙刷，不要來回用力，這樣可以保護你牙齦的安全。每次刷兩分鐘左右，別忘了刷舌頭。它有助于消除口臭)”指出了正確的刷牙方式。由此可知，刷牙的方式和頻率同樣重要。選項E“然而，正確的刷牙方式和經(jīng)常刷牙同樣重要?！背猩蠁⑾?。故選E。17．上文“Gentlyslideitbetweeneachpairofteeth.(輕輕地將它滑入每一對牙齒之間)”描述了使用牙線的具體動作，此處需要說明該動作帶來的效果。選項C“這能清除刷牙遺漏的食物殘渣?！泵鞔_指出了用牙線清潔牙縫的作用，補充了上文動作的目的，銜接自然。故選C。18．上文“Somesmallhabitscanhurtyourteethwithoutyounoticing.(一些小習(xí)慣會在你不經(jīng)意間傷害你的牙齒)”提到了有害牙齒的小習(xí)慣，下文緊接著舉例說明具體的不良習(xí)慣，此處需要起到承上啟下的作用。選項D“這些習(xí)慣看似微小，但它們可能會給你的牙齒帶來大問題?！奔群魬?yīng)了上文的“小習(xí)慣”，又強調(diào)了其潛在危害，為下文列