2025年英語專業(yè)專升本重點題型匯編（含答案）考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、語言知識運(yùn)用閱讀下面的短文，文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從每個選項中選出可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thehumanbrainisincrediblycomplex,constantlyprocessingvastamountsofinformationfromtheenvironment.However,ourattentionisnot1_______distributed;wetendtofocusonspecificstimuliwhilefilteringoutothers.Thisselectiveattentioniscrucialforsurvival,allowingusto2_______importantsignalsandignoredistractions.Forexample,whenyouaredriving,yourattentionisprimarily3_______ontheroad,trafficsignals,andothervehicles,whilebackgroundconversationsormusicareoften4_______.Themechanismsunderlyingattentionarestillbeing5_______byresearchers.Itappearsthatthebrainusesvariousstrategiesto6_______relevantinformationandsuppressirrelevantone.Onekeyfactoristhebrain'sabilityto7_______neuralnetworks,strengtheningconnectionsrelatedtothefocusedtaskandweakeningothers.Thisdynamicprocessenablesustoadapttochangingcircumstancesand8_______optimalperformance.Understandingtheseprocessesnotonlyshedslightonhumancognitionbutalsohaspracticalimplicationsforeducation,therapy,andenhancingourdailyfunctioning.Effortsarebeingmadetoharnessthepowerofattention9_______varioustechnologies.Forinstance,neurofeedbackdevicesaimtohelpindividuals10_______controltheirattentionalprocessesbyprovidingreal-timefeedbackonbrainactivity.Bygaininginsightintohowattentionworks,wecandevelopbetterstrategiestoimproveconcentration,managestress,andultimatelymakethemostofourcognitiveabilities.1.A.equally2.B.identify3.C.divided4.D.noticed5.A.explored6.B.process7.C.understand8.D.maintain9.A.in10.B.voluntarilyC.investigateD.throughA.enhanceB.allocateC.ignoreD.recognize二、閱讀理解Directions:Readthefollowingpassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptof"hygge"(aDanishwordmeaningcozinessorcomfort)hasgainedsignificanttractionglobally.OriginatingfromNordicculture,hyggeemphasizestheimportanceofcreatingawarm,invitingatmospherethatfosterswell-beingandconnection.Itisnotmerelyaboutphysicalcomfortbutalsoaboutemotionalandsocialsatisfaction.Simpleactslikecandlelightdinners,spendingtimewithlovedones,orenjoyingacupofhotchocolatecancontributetoahyggelifestyle.Proponentsarguethathyggeoffersameaningfulcounterbalancetotheconstanthustleandbustleofmodernlife.Inaworldoftencharacterizedbydigitaloverloadandsocialisolation,hyggeencouragesmindfulnessandpresence.Byfocusingonthepresentmomentandcherishingsimplepleasures,individualscanreducestressandenhancetheiroverallqualityoflife.Thisphilosophyresonatesparticularlystronglyincolderclimateswherethelong,darkwinterscanleadtofeelingsofgloom.Critics,however,suggestthathyggecansometimesbeportrayedasasuperficialtrend,lackingdeepersocietalengagement.Theyarguethattruewell-beingstemsnotjustfrompersonalcomfortbutalsofrombroadercommunityinvolvementandaddressingsystemicissues.Whilehyggepracticesmayoffertemporaryrelief,theydonotnecessarilyaddresstherootcausesofmodernanxieties.1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Topersuadereaderstoadoptahyggelifestyleimmediately.B.TocomparehyggewithotherNordictraditions.C.Toexploretheoriginsandimplicationsofthehyggeconcept.D.Tocritiquethecommercializationofhyggepractices.2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredahyggeactivity?A.Havingaquieteveningathome.B.Attendingalarge,crowdedconcert.C.Preparingamealforfamilyorfriends.D.Readingabookbythefireplace.3.Theword"resonates"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.conflictsB.differsC.relatesD.contradicts4.Whatisthemainargumentofthecriticsmentionedinthepassage?A.Hyggeisonlybeneficialduringwintermonths.B.Hyggefocusestoomuchonpersonalcomfortandnotenoughoncommunityaction.C.Hyggepracticesaretooexpensiveformostpeople.D.TheconceptofhyggeoriginatedinSweden,notDenmark.5.Thepassagesuggeststhathygge:A.isapurelyindividualpursuitwithnosocialsignificance.B.providesatemporaryescapefrommodernlife'spressures.C.isinherentlylinkedtospecificgeographicallocations.D.primarilyinvolvestechnologicalsolutionsforcomfort.Passage2Theadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasspurredconsiderabledebateregardingitssocietalimpact.Ononehand,AIofferstransformativepotentialacrossnumeroussectors,fromhealthcareandtransportationtoeducationandentertainment.Forinstance,AI-powereddiagnostictoolscansignificantlyimprovediseasedetectionaccuracy,potentiallysavingcountlesslives.Intransportation,autonomousvehiclespromisetoenhancesafetyandefficiencybyreducinghumanerror.EducatorsarealsoexploringAItoprovidepersonalizedlearningexperiences,cateringtoindividualstudentneeds.Despitethesepromisingapplications,concernsaboutAI'sethicalandsocialconsequencespersist.Issuessuchasalgorithmicbias,jobdisplacementduetoautomation,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologyarefrequentlyraised.ThedevelopmentofAIsystemsraisesquestionsaboutaccountability:whoisresponsiblewhenanautonomousvehiclecausesanaccident?Therearealsoworriesaboutprivacy,asAIsystemsoftenrequirevastamountsofdatatofunctioneffectively,leadingtoconcernsaboutdatasecurityandsurveillance.Tomitigatetheserisks,proponentsofAIemphasizetheneedforresponsibledevelopmentandregulation.Theyadvocatefortransparentalgorithms,robustethicalguidelines,andpoliciesthatensureAIbenefitssocietyasawhole.Initiativesareunderwaytopromoteinterdisciplinarycollaboration,involvingtechnologists,ethicists,policymakers,andthepublic,toaddressthesecomplexchallenges.ThegoalistoharnessthepowerofAIwhilesafeguardingagainstpotentialharms,ensuringthattechnologicalprogressserveshumanity'sbestinterests.6.Whatdoesthepassageprimarilydiscuss?A.ThehistoricaldevelopmentofAItechnology.B.ThedualnatureofAIanditspotentialbenefitsandrisks.C.TheeconomicimpactofAIonglobalmarkets.D.TheroleofgovernmentinregulatingAI.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichexampleillustratesAI'spotentialinhealthcare?A.Improvinginternetconnectivity.B.Enhancingdiseasedetection.C.Developingself-drivingcars.D.Automatingfactoryproduction.8.Theword"mitigate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.worsenB.ignoreC.addressD.celebrate9.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasaconcernrelatedtoAI?A.Reducedaccesstoeducation.B.Increasedefficiencyinmanufacturing.C.Potentialjoblossesandalgorithmicbias.D.Improvedagriculturalyields.10.ThepassagesuggeststhatthefutureofAIdependson:A.isolatingAIdevelopmenttospecificindustries.B.limitingpublicaccesstoAItechnologies.C.fosteringcollaborationamongvariousstakeholders.D.eliminatingallethicalconcernsassociatedwithAI.三、詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)Directions:Choosethebestwordorphrasetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.11.Thecommitteeiscurrently______adetailedplanfortheupcominginternationalconference.A.craftingB.examiningC.delayingD.receiving12.Despiteallthechallenges,she______managedtocompleteherdegreewithdistinction.A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.ever13.Itisessentialforanyone______inenvironmentalconservationtounderstandthescientificprinciplesinvolved.A.engagingB.engagedC.toengageD.engage14.Thenovel,______waspublishedlastyear,haswonseveralprestigiousliteraryawards.A.itsauthorB.whoseauthorC.byitsauthorD.whoseauthorship15.______bythestunningsunset,thegroupdecidedtostopforaphotobeforecontinuingtheirhike.A.BefuddledB.CaptivatedC.DisappointedD.Annoyed16.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirassignmentsbeforethedeadlinetoavoidanylast-minuteissues.A.handinB.handoutC.handoverD.handdown17.Unlessyouhaveaticket,you______notbeallowedtoenterthestadium.A.willB.mayC.canD.shall18.Thecompany'ssuccesscanbe______toitsinnovativemarketingstrategiesanddedicatedworkforce.A.attributedB.contributedC.relatedD.referred19.______shearrived,thetrainhadalreadyleftthestation.A.AlthoughB.WhenC.BeforeD.Since20.Thegovernmenthasimplementednewpoliciesto______povertyandimprovelivingstandards.A.getridofB.getalongwithC.getthroughD.getaheadof四、寫作Directions:Writeacompositionofabout120wordsbasedonthefollowingtopic.Topic:TheImportanceofLifelongLearningIntoday'srapidlychangingworld,knowledgeseemstoexpandendlessly,andtechnologyevolvesatanunprecedentedpace.Whatroledoeslifelonglearningplayinhelpingindividualsadaptandsucceed?Discusstheimportanceofcontinuouslearningforpersonalgrowthandprofessionaldevelopment.Usespecificexamplestosupportyour觀點.試卷答案一、語言知識運(yùn)用1.C解析：句意為“人類的注意力不是平均分配的”，此處需要形容詞作表語，表示“不平均的，不均勻的”。equally（平等的，相等的）通常作副詞，修飾動詞；divided（分開的，有間隔的）符合句意，作形容詞修飾attention。故選C。2.B解析：句意為“這種選擇性注意力對于生存至關(guān)重要，使我們能夠識別重要的信號”，此處需要動詞不定式作賓語，表示“識別，認(rèn)出”。identify（識別，辨認(rèn)）符合句意。故選B。3.D解析：句意為“當(dāng)你開車時，你的注意力主要集中在對路上、交通信號和其他車輛”，此處需要形容詞作表語，表示“集中的，專注的”。divided（分開的，有間隔的）通常不直接修飾attentioninonsth，而notice（注意到）不符合語境。focused（專注的）是過去分詞作形容詞，但此處缺少be動詞。concentrated（集中的）符合句意，作形容詞修飾attention。選項中只有noticed是過去分詞，但不符合語境。根據(jù)上下文，應(yīng)理解為attentionisprimarilyfocusedon...，此處考察的是focused的固定搭配，但題目直接考查attention，故選Dnotice，理解為注意力是集中的。這里題目設(shè)計可能存在歧義，更合理的選項應(yīng)該是focused，但題目中沒有focused。按照題目選項，Dnotice可以理解為注意力是被注意到，即注意力是集中的。這是一個設(shè)計上的問題。如果必須選一個，Dnotice可以理解為注意力是集中的，即focused。但更準(zhǔn)確的理解是題目應(yīng)該有focused。假設(shè)題目有focused，則應(yīng)選focused。由于題目沒有focused，這里選擇Dnotice，理解為注意力是集中的。這是一個無奈的選擇。4.C解析：句意為“當(dāng)你在開車時，你的注意力主要集中在對路上、交通信號和其他車輛，而背景對話或音樂通常被忽略”，此處需要動詞的被動語態(tài)，表示“被忽略”。ignored（被忽略的）符合句意。故選C。5.A解析：句意為“研究人員仍在探索大腦背后的注意機(jī)制”，此處需要動詞原形作賓語，表示“探索，研究”。explored（已探索的）是過去分詞，不符合語法。investigate（調(diào)查）符合句意。但investigate通常指深入調(diào)查，而explore更側(cè)重于發(fā)現(xiàn)和了解。根據(jù)上下文，explore更符合對注意機(jī)制的了解過程。故選A。6.B解析：句意為“大腦利用各種策略來處理相關(guān)信息并抑制不相關(guān)信息”，此處需要動詞原形作賓語，表示“處理，加工”。process（處理，加工）符合句意。故選B。7.D解析：句意為“大腦能夠調(diào)整神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，加強(qiáng)與專注任務(wù)相關(guān)的連接，并削弱其他連接”，此處需要動詞原形作賓語，表示“識別，辨認(rèn)”。recognize（識別，辨認(rèn)）符合句意。故選D。8.D解析：句意為“這種動態(tài)過程使我們能夠適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境并保持最佳性能”，此處需要動詞原形作賓語，表示“維持，保持”。maintain（維持，保持）符合句意。故選D。9.A解析：句意為“人們正在努力利用注意力的力量來營造一種舒適的氛圍”，此處需要介詞，表示“在...方面”。in（在...方面）符合句意。故選A。10.B解析：句意為“通過獲得對注意力如何工作的洞察力，我們可以開發(fā)出更好的策略來提高注意力集中，管理壓力，并最終充分利用我們的認(rèn)知能力”，此處需要副詞作表語，表示“自愿地，主動地”。voluntarily（自愿地）符合句意。故選B。二、閱讀理解1.C解析：主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章首先介紹了hygge的概念及其起源，然后闡述了hygge對人們情緒和社交的重要性，最后討論了hygge的批評觀點。文章主要目的是介紹hygge的起源和意義。故選C。2.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“Hyggeencouragesmindfulnessandpresence.Byfocusingonthepresentmomentandcherishingsimplepleasures,individualscanreducestressandenhancetheiroverallqualityoflife.”可知，hygge強(qiáng)調(diào)的是關(guān)注當(dāng)下和簡單的快樂，而attendingalarge,crowdedconcert（參加大型擁擠的音樂會）可能涉及喧囂和注意力分散，與hygge的寧靜氛圍不符。故選B。3.C解析：詞匯題。“resonates”意為“引起共鳴，產(chǎn)生反響”。根據(jù)上下文“Thelong,darkwinterscanleadtofeelingsofgloom.hyggeresonatesparticularlystronglyincolderclimateswherethelong,darkwinterscanleadtofeelingsofgloom.”可知，hygge與寒冷氣候下的情緒狀態(tài)產(chǎn)生共鳴。relate（關(guān)聯(lián)）意思相近。故選C。4.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Critics,however,suggestthathyggecansometimesbeportrayedasasuperficialtrend,lackingdeepersocietalengagement.Theyarguethattruewell-beingstemsnotjustfrompersonalcomfortbutalsofrombroadercommunityinvolvementandaddressingsystemicissues.”可知，批評者認(rèn)為hygge過于關(guān)注個人舒適，而忽略了社區(qū)參與和解決社會問題。故選B。5.B解析：推斷題。根據(jù)全文，hygge提供了一種逃離現(xiàn)代生活壓力的方式，通過創(chuàng)造舒適的環(huán)境和珍惜簡單快樂來提升幸福感。雖然hygge也涉及社交和社區(qū)（第二段），但文章更強(qiáng)調(diào)其對個人情緒的暫時性提升作用。故選B。6.B解析：主旨題。通讀全文可知，文章首先介紹了AI的巨大潛力，如改善醫(yī)療、交通和教育，然后討論了AI帶來的倫理和社會問題，如算法偏見和失業(yè)，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)了負(fù)責(zé)任的發(fā)展和監(jiān)管的重要性。文章主要討論了AI的雙重性質(zhì)及其潛在的好處和風(fēng)險。故選B。7.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段“AI-powereddiagnostictoolscansignificantlyimprovediseasedetectionaccuracy,potentiallysavingcountlesslives.”可知，AI在醫(yī)療方面的一個例子是改進(jìn)疾病檢測。故選B。8.C解析：詞匯題?！癿itigate”意為“減輕，緩和”。根據(jù)上下文“Tomitigatetheserisks,proponentsofAIemphasizetheneedforresponsibledevelopmentandregulation.”可知，支持者強(qiáng)調(diào)負(fù)責(zé)任的發(fā)展和監(jiān)管來減輕這些風(fēng)險。address（處理）意思相近。故選C。9.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段“Issuessuchasalgorithmicbias,jobdisplacementduetoautomation,andthepotentialformisuseofAItechnologya