選擇性必修第四冊Unit5LaunchingYourCareerⅠ.閱讀理解ABritishsculptorJasonTaylorhasmadeithismissiontousehistalenttoconserveourecosystemsbycreatingunderwatermuseums.Overtheyears，theenvironmentalisthasputover850massiveartworksunderwaterworldwide.OnFebruary1,2021，Taylorlaunchedhislatestwork—TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannes.“Themaingoalwastobringattentiontothefactthatouroceansneedourhelp，”TaylortoldDezeen.“OceanecologyhasbeendestroyedbyhumanactivityintheMediterraneanoverthepastfewdecades，anditisnotobviouswhatistakingplacewhenobservingtheseafromafar.”TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannescontains6sculpturesfeaturinglocalresidentsofvariousages.TheyrangefromMaurice，an80-year-oldfisherman，toAnouk，a9-year-oldstudent.Toweringover6-feet-tallandweighing10tons，thefacesaresectionedintotwoparts，withtheouterpartlikeamask.Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.Thoughthewaterssurroundingthesculpturesnowappearapristineblue，theseabedwasfilledwitholdboatengines，pipes，andotherhuman-madetrashwhentheprojectbeganaboutfouryearsago.Besidesremovingthetrash，Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.Justonesquaremeteroftheseagrasscangenerateupto10litersofoxygendaily.Theseagrassalsohelpspreventcoastalerosionandprovideshabitatsformanyoceancreatures.“Theideaofcreatinganunderwatermuseumwastodrawmorepeopleunderwateranddevelopasenseofcareandprotection，”TaylortoldDezeen.“Ifwethrewunwantedwastenearaforest，therewouldbeapublicoutcry.Butthisishappeningeverydayinoursurroundingwatersanditlargelygoesunnoticed.”1．WhydoesJasonTaylorcreateunderwatermuseums?A．Toprotecttheartworksunderwater.B．Todrawattentiontoendangeredseaanimals.C．Toshowhissculpturetalent.D．Toraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean.2．Whydoestheouterpartofthesculptureslooklikeamask?A．Topopularizethefeaturesofthelocals.B．Toremindpeopletoprotectthemselves.C．Toreflectpeople’sprotectionoftheocean.D．Tostressthesensitivenessoftheecosystem.3．What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Howtheprojectwasstarted.B．Howtheseagrasswasrestored.C．Whatrecoveryefforttheprojectmade.D．Whythesurroundingswereimproved.4．WhatcanweinferfromwhatJasonTaylorsaidinthelastparagraph?A．Thesituationoftheoceaniseasilyignored.B．Thedestructioncausedtotheoceanisnoticeable.C．Forestsplayamoreimportantroleinecosystems.D．Peoplehavezerotolerancetodamagedonetonature.BTherearesome7,000languagesspokenworldwide，eachunique，usingdifferentsounds，vocabulariesandstructures.CharlestheGreatsaid，“Tohaveasecondlanguageistohaveasecondsoul.”Thisbegsthequestion：Doesthelanguagewespeakshapewhoweare?Asitturnsout，yes.InsocietiessuchastheUnitedStatesorWesternEurope，self-expressionandlanguageprecisionarevalued.Asiancultures，ontheotherhand，preferanindirectformofcommunication.Wordslike“perhaps”and“maybe”areusedmorethan“yes”or“no”．Americanismtakesaninformalapproachtocommunication.Thereforeit’sOKtorefertoastrangerorthebossas“you”．However，theThailanguagehas12formsofthesamepronoun，choosingonedependsonstatus.Inthisway，languagesareessentialinnavigating(導航)anyculture，bethatourownorotherwise.Peoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesnoticedifferentthings，dependingontheconstructsoftheirmothertongue.Takeanaccident.InEnglish，it’sOKtosay：“Shebroketheglass.”ButinalanguagelikeSpanish，you’dprobablygowith：“Theglassbroke.”Thesameincidentproducestwodifferentresponses.Englishspeakerswillrememberwho’satfault，becausetheirlanguageasksthemto，whileSpanishspeakersaremorelikelytorememberitwasanaccident.Thishasrealconsequences，especiallywhenitcomestocrimeandpunishment.ProfessorJimCumminshaswrittenextensivelyonmothertongues.ForCummins，thestrongerourhomelanguage，theeasieritisforustolearnothers.Ofcourse，researchalsoshowsthatbeingbilingual(會說兩種語言的)givespeoplemanyadvantagesinlife.LinguistJulienLeyrewritesthatlearninganotherlanguagedevelopsourabilityto“understandthementalworldofanotherperson，basedonthelanguagetheyuse，andhowthatworldisdifferentfromourown.”O(jiān)urmothertongueiscentraltohowwethink，whatweknowandwhoweare.Likeus，languagesarelivingthingsthatchangeovertimeandmustbecaredfortosurvive.Bydoingso，weprotectnotjustthelinguisticstructuresorvocabulariesweuse，buttheculture，knowledgeandpowerbehindthem.5．Whydoestheauthormention“Americanism”and“theThailanguage”inparagraph2?A．Totelltheculturaldifferencesbetweenthem.B．Toindicatealanguageisaguidetoaculture.C．TostressAmericanexpressionsareinformal.D．Torevealalanguageisassociatedwithstatus.6．WhatisEnglishspeakers’responsetoanaccident?A．Theywillseekblame.B．Theywillpunishothers.C．Theywillavoidresponsibility.D．Theywilldrawalessonfromit.7．WhatdoesJulienLeyrethinkaboutbilinguals?A．Theyenjoyamorecolorfullife.B．Theycanremainmentallyhealthy.C．Theyfinditeasiertolearnalanguage.D．Theycangaininsightintoothers’minds.8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowDoLanguagesDiffer?B．WillYourLanguageBeExtinct?C．WhyDoesOurMotherTongueMatter?D．ShouldWeSpeakaSecondLanguage?Ⅱ.完形填空LiteraturewassomethingIwasinterestedin.AtschoolIwasthatkidwhostuckhishandupto1aloudfromtheShakespeareplay.OvertheholidaysIwouldvisitthe2andreadliteratures.Whilemygenerationwasplayingafterschool，Iwasinaghetto(貧民區(qū))learningto3.IlivedtheninLagos.Theghettolandlordshadunlimited4.Theycouldthrowfamilieswithalltheirpossessionsoutintothestreet.Annoyed，Iwroteabout5.Thosepieceswerenotpublished.Thenitoccurredtometowriteastoryaboutthem.Thisbeganmylong6intherigorouscraft(嚴謹構(gòu)思)oftheshortstory.However，afterfinishingmyA-levels，Ihadajobworkingforapaintcompany.7inLagoswassoterriblethatittookthreehourstogettowork.Iwouldwakeupat4a．m.andwriteforanhourbefore8work.WhenI9Iwouldsleepandthenwritetilloneo’clock.Thefirst10tookayear.Igotmyself11fromworkandboughtatypewriterwiththeseverancepay(解雇金)．Ithenworkedasareporterforanewsmagazine.Intheautumnof1978IcametoLondontostudy.Icamereallytowrite.Ibegan12andsentthemanuscripttomany13，whoallturneditdown.Then，onemorning，alettercamefromLongmans’AfricanWriters’Series.Iremembergivingacryof14.Thatmomentchangedeverything.Iwas19.WiththepublicationofFlowersandShadows，thelifeIwasmeanttolive15.1．A.think B．readC．cry D．speak2．A.libraries B．charitiesC．exhibitions D．a(chǎn)ttractions3．A.act B．writeC．cook D．paint4．A.talents B．wealthC．powers D．freedom5．A.friendship B．possibilitiesC．injustices D．welfare6．A.memory B．sufferingC．service D．a(chǎn)dventure7．A.Traffic B．ClimateC．Accommodation D．Security8．A.makingupfor B．gettingdowntoC．lookingforwardto D．settingoutfor9．A.resigned B．retiredC．returned D．resolved10．A.option B．draftC．visit D．picture11．A.promoted B．inspiredC．fired D．prevented12．A.re-writing B．withdrawingC．job-hunting D．exploring13．A.friends B．teachersC．writers D．publishers14．A.fear B．joyC．pain D．sorrow15．A.ended B．changedC．began D．improvedⅢ.語法填空FirstChineselanternswereinventedintheEasternHanDynastyandusedaslampsandfortheworshipoftheBuddha.With1.(them)richcolorsandniceshapes，lanternsaddtotheatmosphereoffestivals.IntheTangDynasty，lanternsweremade2.(show)people’speacefullifeandpresentChinaasapowerfulcountry.Thematerials3.areusedformakingalanternareverysimple.Historically，bamboo，wood