專題09形容詞&副詞

一：知識(shí)講解

根據(jù)高二學(xué)業(yè)水平考試的要求，形容詞和副詞是語(yǔ)法考查的基礎(chǔ)核心，其核心考點(diǎn)集中在三級(jí)變化（原級(jí)、

比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)）、功能區(qū)分和詞性轉(zhuǎn)換上。

高中學(xué)考形容詞與副詞考點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)表

考點(diǎn)規(guī)則細(xì)說(shuō)明與示例考查重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)

分類項(xiàng)

句法形容詞修飾名詞或代詞，作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、難點(diǎn)：系動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞

功能(adj.)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。除be動(dòng)詞外，還有：

（核1.Sheisacarefulstudent.[定語(yǔ)]-感覺(jué)類：look,sound,taste,smell,feel

心區(qū)2.Thestudentiscareful.[表語(yǔ)]-變化類：become,get,turn,go

別）3.Thenewsmadehimhappy.[賓語(yǔ)-保持類：keep,stay,remain

補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)]e.g.Thefoodtastesdelicious.(NOTdeliciously)

副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或整難點(diǎn)：區(qū)分形容詞與副詞

(adv.)個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Heisaslowwalker.(adj.+n.)

1.Shestudiescarefully.[修飾動(dòng)詞]e.g.Hewalksslowly.(v.+adv.)

2.Sheisextremelycareful.[修飾形

容詞]

3.Shestudiesverycarefully.[修飾副

詞]

4.Unfortunately,hefailed.[修飾整

個(gè)句子]

形容一般情直接加-ly。

詞變況quick→quickly,slow→slowly

副詞

規(guī)則

以“輔變y為i，再加-ly。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：拼寫變化。happy->happily(NOThappyly)

音字母happy→happily,easy→easily

+y”結(jié)注意：元音+y結(jié)尾直接加-ly(e.g.

尾gay→gaily)

以-ble去e加-y。

結(jié)尾possible→possibly,terrible→

terribly

以-ll結(jié)只加-y。

尾full→fully,dull→dully

以-ic結(jié)加-ally。特例：public→publicly

尾basic→basically,economic→

economically

規(guī)則構(gòu)成規(guī)1.單音節(jié)/部分雙音節(jié)詞：難點(diǎn)1：何時(shí)用-er/-est，何時(shí)用more/most?

三級(jí)則-比較級(jí)：-er-單音節(jié)詞和以-y,-er,-ow,-le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，常

變化-最高級(jí)：-est用-er/-est(e.g.happy,clever,narrow,simple)。

2.多音節(jié)/部分雙音節(jié)詞：-三個(gè)音節(jié)及以上的詞，必須用more/most(e.g.

-比較級(jí)：more+原級(jí)beautiful,important)。

-最高級(jí)：most+原級(jí)難點(diǎn)2：變化規(guī)則

-重讀閉音節(jié)：雙寫尾字母+er/est(big→bigger→

biggest)

-輔音字母+y：變y為i+er/est(happy→happier→

happiest)

-以e結(jié)尾：只加-r/st(large→larger→largest)

不規(guī)完全不good/well→better→best最大難點(diǎn)與重點(diǎn)：必須死記硬背，沒(méi)有規(guī)則。特別

則三規(guī)則bad/ill→worse→worst是good/well和bad/badly的兩套形式。

級(jí)變many/much→more→mostfarther/further和older/elder的區(qū)別是常考點(diǎn)。

化（必little→less→least

背）far→{farther→farthest(距離遠(yuǎn))}

???{further→furthest(程度深)}

old→{older→oldest(年齡大/物

舊)}

?{elder→eldest(家庭成員長(zhǎng)幼)}

原級(jí)as...as肯定：as+原級(jí)+as(和...一樣)e.g.Heisastallashisbrother.

常用否定：notas/so+原級(jí)+as(不如...)e.g.Heisnotas/sotallashisbrother.

句型

比較than比較級(jí)+than(比...更...)e.g.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.

級(jí)常

用句

型

修飾比much,alot,far,even,alittle,abit,重點(diǎn)：可以用這些詞來(lái)強(qiáng)化或弱化比較的程度。

較級(jí)rather+比較級(jí)e.g.Thisbookismuchmoreinteresting.

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theThe+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)(越...,e.g.Theharderyouwork,thebetteryouwill

more...,就越...)become.

the

more...

最高the+the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：最高級(jí)前必須加the。

級(jí)常最高級(jí)(in/of/among...)e.g.Heisthetallestinourclass.

用句e.g.Thisisthemostinterestingbookofthethree.

型

特殊同形副有些形容詞和副詞同形：難點(diǎn)：hardvs.hardly

副詞詞early,late,hard,fast,long,high,-hard(努力地)：studyhard

straight,enough-hardly(幾乎不)：Icanhardlybelieveit.

e.g.anearlybus(adj.)→

arriveearly(adv.)

意義迥有些副詞有兩種形式，意義不同：e.g.jumphigh(跳得高)

異的副-close(接近地)vs.closely(密切地)e.g.highlyrecommend(高度推薦)

詞-deep(深地)vs.deeply(深深地，抽

象)

-wide(寬廣地)vs.widely(廣泛地)

-high(高地)vs.highly(高度地，抽

象)

常見(jiàn)形容詞-ful:care→careful考點(diǎn)：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（語(yǔ)法填空）。根據(jù)空格后的名詞

詞綴后綴-less:hope→hopeless或前的系動(dòng)詞判斷需填形容詞，并正確加后綴。

-ous:danger→dangerous

-able/-ible:comfort→comfortable

-ive:effect→effective

-y:rain→rainy

-al:nature→natural

副詞后-ly:如上所述，是主要構(gòu)成方式。

綴

核心重難點(diǎn)與備考策略

1.形容詞和副詞的基本功能區(qū)分

這是所有考點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)。黃金法則：修飾名詞用形容詞；修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子用副詞。

2.三級(jí)變化的構(gòu)成規(guī)則

牢記“單/短用-er/est，多/長(zhǎng)用more/most”的基本原則。

對(duì)于不規(guī)則變化，必須像背單詞一樣牢牢記住，尤其是good/well和bad/badly的兩套變化。

3.比較級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)

這是高頻易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。只能用much,alot,far,even,alittle,abit等來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，表示程度。絕對(duì)不能用

very,so,too,quite等修飾比較級(jí)。

錯(cuò)誤:verybetter

正確:muchbetter

4.比較級(jí)的邏輯和范圍

在使用than和of/in時(shí)，要注意比較對(duì)象的一致性和比較范圍的合理性。

錯(cuò)誤:TheweatherinShanghaiishotterthanBeijing.(天氣不能和城市比)

正確:TheweatherinShanghaiishotterthanthatinBeijing.

5.形副同形和形似副詞的辨析

重點(diǎn)掌握hard/hardly,late/lately,deep/deeply,high/highly等幾組常考詞的區(qū)別。

二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

1．Thehurricanewasapproaching,but(fortune),allresidentshadbeenevacuated.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形

式填空)

2．Itmakesmuchadifferencewhenyoudothings(positive).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

3．Weshallseethatthisisnot(entire)true.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

4．Alotofproblemsareassociatedwithoverusingourdigitaldevices,fromeyehealthandissuesofmentalhealth

toaddictionand(education)difficulties.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

5．(digit)televisionhasbeenaroundforsometimenow.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

6．Itcanbeveryhardtoforget(embarrass)moments.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

7．Somecountriestaxplasticbagstoreducewaste;(similar),othersbansingle-useplasticsentirely.(所

給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

8．Hespoke(true)abouthisfeelingsforthefirsttime.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

9．Theyreacted(opposite)tothenews:onewasoverjoyed,theotherwasdevastated.(所給詞的適當(dāng)

形式填空)

10．Believeitornot,Timwas(obvious)drunkandwouldn’tgoforcertain.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

11．I(narrow)passedtheexamwith61/100.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

12．Woolsockswicksweat.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

13．Allhislife,LeiFengwasselflessandkindtoothers.He(constant)didgooddeedsforothers.(所給

詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

試卷第4頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

14．She(noble)didmyworkaswellasherswhileIwasill.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

15．Withthewidespreaduseofmobilepayment,WeChatorAlipayisthemostconvenientandsafestwaytopay,so

we(rare)needtocarryawalletorcash.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

16．Thepapercanberecycledsodon’tthrowit.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

17．Thenhowdoesitcomeabout?Admittedly,thesmartphoneindeed(dramatic)changesourlife.(所給

詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

18．UptonowsocialcommunicationhasbeentakenbytheInternet.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

19．Shealwaysdresses(professional)forherjobinterviews.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

20．(actual),I’llbeabitlatehome.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

21．Hecutthelastpartofhisspeech.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

22．Youmakesomesoundsandpeoplesomehowrespond(appropriate).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

23．An(extraordinary)importantstudyskillisknowinghowtomarkabook.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

空)

24．Educationis(vital)importantforthecountry’sfuture.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

25．They(most)liveontheoutskirtsofatown.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

26．Hewas(bare)abletodraghispoisonedlegbehindhim.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

27．Hepulledthezipofhisleatherjacketdown(slight).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

28．Ifyouturntheenvelopeupside,thekeywillfallout.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

29．Havingtherightequipmentathandwillbe(enormous)helpful.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

30．Much(far)treatmentwillpreventcancerfromdeveloping.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

31．It’sbyfarthemost(confuse)thingIeverheard!(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

32．Weshouldlearnfrom(advance)workers.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

33．She’s(fluency)inFrenchandGerman.ShealsospeaksalittleItalian.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

34．Mymotherhasbecomeveryforgetfuland(confuse).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

35．BuckinghamPalaceisa(majority)touristattraction.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

36．Duringthefestival,we’llbeshowing13(class)oldfilms.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

37．Thereareseveral(specify)problemstobedealtwith.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

38．Thediseaseishighly(infect)andspreadsrapidlyincrowdedareas.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

39．Ifindit(amaze)thatthey’restilltogether.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

40．Thecountry’s(office)languageisSpanish.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

41．Theyareseriously(concern)aboutsecurity.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

42．Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesis(alarm).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形

式填空)

43．Itisan(effect)treatmentforthebacteriaanddoeskillitoff.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

44．Theeagleistheanimalmost(sacredness)totheNativeAmericans.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

45．Hewasan(usual)manwithgreatbusinesstalents.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

46．Nowthehuntingof(Tibet)antelopeshasbeenbroughtundercontrol.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

47．Hewhistled,surprisedbutnot(shock).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

48．A(power)snowstormismovingeastward.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

49．How(annoy)!I’veleftmywalletathome!(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

50．I’m(confidence)inthepathIhavechosen.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

51．Hisattitudemademeextremely(annoy).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

52．Youmusthavehadamuch(tough)timethanwedid.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

53．Itisthemost(grace)performanceIhaveeverseen.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

54．Apartfroman(occasion)noisefromtheelephant’sstomach,theforestwassilent.(所給詞的適當(dāng)

形式填空)

55．Teachershavea(limit)amountoftimetointeractwitheachchild.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

56．We’vebeencollectingdatafrom(variety)sources.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

57．Newtechnologyhasenableddevelopmentofanonline“(virtuality)library”.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

空)

58．RobertKennedynevertriedtocopyMartinLutherKing’s(rhetoric)skills.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

空)

59．Theguitarisakindof(string)musicalinstrument.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

60．Everystudentintheclassis(capability)ofpassingtheexam.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

61．Herhusbandis(employ)andthefamilydependsoncharity.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

62．Heplays(class)music,aswellaspopandjazz.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

63．Shewastoo(generosity)andwouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

64．Itissaidthat(Rome)soldierswholostawartravelledthroughcentralAsia.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

空)

65．Hewas(eagerness)tocommunicatehisideastothegroup.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

試卷第6頁(yè)，共8頁(yè)

66．She’samemberofthe(communism)Party.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

67．Whatdoyouwant,(fry)chicken,hamburgers,orfishandchips?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

68．Thewindmadethegirlpullher(wool)scarftightlyaroundherneck.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

69．Hekepttellingusabouthisoperation,inthemost(graph)detail.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

70．ThoughIwillnottellanyone,Iwantyounottobe(greed)andnevertodoanythingwrong.(所給詞

的適當(dāng)形式填空)

71．Rumoursbegantocirculateabouthis(finance)problems.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

72．Themuseum's(interact)exhibitallowsvisitorstocontrolthedisplaywithhandgestures.(所給詞的

適當(dāng)形式填空)

73．Climatechangeiscausing(drama)shiftsinglobalweatherpatterns.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

74．Heisthesweetest,kindest,and(gentle)personIcanthinkof.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

75．Inabigdepartmentstore,thereare(number)departmentssellingdifferentkindsofgoods.(所給

詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

76．Yawningdidnothingspecialtotheirstateof(physiology)activity.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

77．The(botany)gardeninourcityisbeautifulwithplantsfromallovertheworld.(所給詞的適當(dāng)

形式填空)

78．Shewasthemost(remark)womanhehadeverencountered.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

79．Ibelievethatajournalistshouldbecompletely(object).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

80．Ifyouhaveabraveand(passion)heart,wecanmakethedreamcometrue!(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式

填空)

81．Hetoldmethebookistoolongbut(entertain),inwhichtherearelotsofinterestingstories.(所給詞

的適當(dāng)形式填空)

82．Broadcastnewswasaccurateand(rely)butdeadlydull.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

83．We’lldiscussbothverbaland(verbal)signsoflyinginthissection.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

84．Ifeelquite(shame)thatIhaveno