英語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞及句型轉(zhuǎn)換專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、be動(dòng)詞的核心用法回顧英語(yǔ)中be動(dòng)詞（*am/is/are/was/were*）是構(gòu)成“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)的核心，需根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)及時(shí)態(tài)靈活變化：現(xiàn)在時(shí)：第一人稱單數(shù)（I）→*am*（*Iamawriter.*）單數(shù)主語(yǔ)（he/she/it/單數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞）→*is*（*Thebookisinteresting.*）復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)（we/you/they/復(fù)數(shù)名詞）→*are*（*Theseflowersarebeautiful.*）過(guò)去時(shí)：第一/三人稱單數(shù)（I/he/she/it/單數(shù)名詞）→*was*（*Hewaslateyesterday.*）復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)（we/you/they/復(fù)數(shù)名詞）→*were*（*Wewerehappyatthattime.*）二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換的核心類(lèi)型與針對(duì)性練習(xí)句型轉(zhuǎn)換的本質(zhì)是通過(guò)調(diào)整be動(dòng)詞的位置、形式或搭配，實(shí)現(xiàn)句子功能的變化（如否定、疑問(wèn)、語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)換等）。以下分類(lèi)型拆解練習(xí)：（一）肯定句→否定句：“be后加not”的邏輯規(guī)則：在be動(dòng)詞后直接加not，可縮寫(xiě)（*isnot=isn't；arenot=aren't；wasnot=wasn't；werenot=weren't*）。例題：原句：*Sheisadoctor.*否定句：*Sheisn'tadoctor.*練習(xí)1：1.*Theyareathome.*（變否定句）2.*Hewasherejustnow.*（變否定句）（二）肯定句→一般疑問(wèn)句：“be動(dòng)詞提前”的技巧規(guī)則：將be動(dòng)詞提至句首，句末加問(wèn)號(hào)；若主語(yǔ)為*I/we*，需根據(jù)語(yǔ)境調(diào)整為人稱（*I→you；we→you*）。例題：原句：*Iamastudent.*一般疑問(wèn)句：*Areyouastudent?*練習(xí)2：1.*Thedogiscute.*（變一般疑問(wèn)句）2.*Wewereintheparkyesterday.*（變一般疑問(wèn)句）（三）一般疑問(wèn)句的回答：“主語(yǔ)+be”的精準(zhǔn)匹配肯定回答：*Yes,主語(yǔ)+be.*否定回答：*No,主語(yǔ)+be+not.*例題：?jiǎn)柧洌?Isheyourbrother?*回答：*Yes,heis./No,heisn't.*練習(xí)3：1.*Weretheyatschool?*（作肯定/否定回答）2.*AreyoufromChina?*（作肯定/否定回答，注意主語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換）（四）特殊疑問(wèn)句：“疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句”的結(jié)構(gòu)步驟：①確定疑問(wèn)詞（對(duì)“人”用*who*，“地點(diǎn)”用*where*，“時(shí)間”用*when*等）；②剩余部分變一般疑問(wèn)句（be動(dòng)詞提前）。例題：原句：*Thebookisonthedesk.*（對(duì)*onthedesk*提問(wèn)）特殊疑問(wèn)句：*Whereisthebook?*練習(xí)4：1.*Sheismysister.*（對(duì)*mysister*提問(wèn)）2.*Theywerebornin2005.*（對(duì)*in2005*提問(wèn)）（五）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：“be動(dòng)詞的靈活表達(dá)”核心是用不同結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)相同語(yǔ)義，常見(jiàn)類(lèi)型：人稱與名字轉(zhuǎn)換：*MynameisLily.*=*I'mLily.**Therebe*與“主系表”轉(zhuǎn)換：*Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.*=*Atreeisinfrontofthehouse.*例題：原句：*Myname'sTom.*同義句：*I'mTom.*練習(xí)5：1.*Therearesomebooksontheshelf.*（變同義句）2.*It'stimeforclass.*（用be動(dòng)詞的另一種結(jié)構(gòu)改寫(xiě)，提示：*It'stimeto...*）（六）時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換：“be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間維度調(diào)整”規(guī)則：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，將be動(dòng)詞從“現(xiàn)在時(shí)”（*am/is/are*）轉(zhuǎn)為“過(guò)去時(shí)”（*was/were*），或反之。例題：原句：*Iamtenyearsold.*（*lastyear*）轉(zhuǎn)換后：*Iwasnineyearsoldlastyear.*練習(xí)6：1.*TheyareinBeijing.*（*yesterday*）2.*Shewashappy.*（*now*）三、綜合訓(xùn)練：多題型混合提升請(qǐng)完成以下練習(xí)，涵蓋上述所有轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)型：1.變否定句：(1)*Heisagoodsinger.*(2)*Wewereatthecinema.*2.變一般疑問(wèn)句并回答：(1)*ThegirlisfromCanada.*(2)*Theywerelateforthemeeting.*3.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：(1)*Thepenisonthedesk.*（劃線部分：*onthedesk*）(2)*Iwasbornin2002.*（劃線部分：*in2002*）4.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：(1)*MynameisMike.*→__________(2)*Thereisabirdinthetree.*→__________5.時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換（根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)時(shí)間調(diào)整）：(1)*Sheisateacher.*（*lastyear*）→__________(2)*TheywereinShanghai.*（*now*）→__________四、答案與解析（關(guān)鍵思路點(diǎn)撥）1.否定句：(1)*Heisn'tagoodsinger.*（*is*后加*not*，縮寫(xiě)為*isn't*）(2)*Weweren'tatthecinema.*（*were*后加*not*，縮寫(xiě)為*weren't*）2.一般疑問(wèn)句+回答：(1)*IsthegirlfromCanada?*回答：*Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.*(2)*Weretheylateforthemeeting?*回答：*Yes,theywere./No,theyweren't.*3.特殊疑問(wèn)句：(1)*Whereisthepen?*（對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，用*where*，剩余部分變一般疑問(wèn)句）(2)*Whenwereyouborn?*（對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)，用*when*，注意主語(yǔ)*I→you*，*was→were*）4.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：(1)*I'mMike.*（*name's=nameis*，轉(zhuǎn)換為*I'm*）(2)*Abirdisinthetree.*（*Therebe*結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)）5.時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換：(1)*Shewasateacherlastyear.*（*is*的過(guò)去式為*was*，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)*lastyear*提示過(guò)去時(shí)）(2)*Theyarei