2025年程序員英語試題及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.WhichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytodeclareavariableinJava?A)int123number=5;B)floatnumber123=5.0;C)String@name="John";D)doublevalue=10.5;Answer:B2.Whatdoestheacronym"HTML"standforinwebdevelopment?A)HyperTextMarkupLanguage;B)HighTechModernLanguage;C)HyperlinkTextMarkingLanguage;D)High-LevelTextLanguage;Answer:A3.InPython,whichmethodisusedtoaddanelementtotheendofalist?A)append();B)insert();C)extend();D)push();Answer:A4.WhichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytodefineafunctioninJavaScript?A)function=myFunction(){};B)defmyFunction(){};C)functionmyFunction(){};D)funcmyFunction(){};Answer:C5.WhatisthedefaultvalueofanintegerinC?A)0;B)null;C)-1;D)undefined;Answer:A6.WhichSQLkeywordisusedtoselectdatafromadatabase?A)SELECT;B)FROM;C)WHERE;D)INSERT;Answer:A7.InCSS,whatpropertyisusedtochangethetextcolorofanelement?A)text-color;B)color;C)font-color;D)text-style;Answer:B8.WhichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytocreateaclassinC++?A)classMyClass{};B)structMyClass{};C)defMyClass{};D)functionMyClass{};Answer:A9.Whatisthepurposeofthe"gitclone"commandinversioncontrol?A)Tocreateanewbranch;B)Tocopyarepositoryfromaremotelocation;C)Tomergetwobranches;D)Todeletearepository;Answer:B10.WhichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytocommentoutalineinPython?A)//Thisisacomment;B)Thisisacomment;C)/Thisisacomment/;D)//Thisisacomment;Answer:B二、多項(xiàng)選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.WhichofthefollowingarecomponentsoftheJavaDevelopmentKit(JDK)?A)JavaRuntimeEnvironment(JRE);B)JavaCompiler;C)JavaAPI;D)JavaVirtualMachine(JVM);Answer:A,B,C,D2.WhatarethebasicdatatypesinC++?A)int;B)float;C)char;D)boolean;Answer:A,B,C,D3.WhichofthefollowingarevalidCSSselectors?A)element;B)id;C).class;D):hover;Answer:A,B,C,D4.WhatarethemaincomponentsofaSQLquery?A)SELECT;B)FROM;C)WHERE;D)GROUPBY;Answer:A,B,C,D5.Whichofthefollowingarecommonversioncontrolsystems?A)Git;B)SVN;C)Mercurial;D)CVS;Answer:A,B,C,D6.Whataretheadvantagesofusingadatabase?A)Dataintegrity;B)Dataredundancy;C)Dataconsistency;D)Datasecurity;Answer:A,C,D7.WhichofthefollowingareJavaScriptdatatypes?A)String;B)Number;C)Boolean;D)Object;Answer:A,B,C,D8.Whatarethemainprinciplesofobject-orientedprogramming?A)Encapsulation;B)Inheritance;C)Polymorphism;D)Abstraction;Answer:A,B,C,D9.Whichofthefollowingarecommonwebdevelopmentframeworks?A)React;B)Angular;C)Vue.js;D)Django;Answer:A,B,C,D10.WhatarethecomponentsofaRESTfulAPI?A)HTTPmethods;B)Endpoints;C)Statuscodes;D)Dataformats;Answer:A,B,C,D三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Pythonisastaticallytypedlanguage.Answer:False2.The"public"accessmodifierinJavamakesaclassormethodaccessiblefromanywhere.Answer:True3.CSSstandsforCascadingStyleSheets.Answer:True4.The"SELECTFROMtable;"SQLqueryselectsallcolumnsfromatable.Answer:True5.Gitisadistributedversioncontrolsystem.Answer:True6.The"int"datatypeinC++isusedforfloating-pointnumbers.Answer:False7.JavaScriptisacompiledlanguage.Answer:False8.The"class"keywordinC++isusedtodefineafunction.Answer:False9.The"gitpush"commandisusedtoupdatearemoterepository.Answer:True10.The"gitpull"commandisusedtodownloadchangesfromaremoterepository.Answer:True四、簡(jiǎn)答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenaclassandanobjectinobject-orientedprogramming.Answer:Aclassisablueprintforcreatingobjects.Itdefinestheproperties(attributes)andbehaviors(methods)thattheobjectsoftheclasswillhave.Anobjectisaninstanceofaclass.Itisaconcreteentitythathasthepropertiesandbehaviorsdefinedbyitsclass.Forexample,a"Car"classcandefinetheattributeslikecolorandmodelandmethodslikestartandstop.Anobjectwouldbeaspecificcar,likearedToyota,withitsowncolorandmodelvalues.2.Whatarethebenefitsofusingadatabaseformanagingdata?Answer:Usingadatabaseformanagingdataoffersseveralbenefits,includingdataintegrity(ensuringaccuracyandconsistency),dataredundancyreduction(avoidingduplicatedata),dataconsistency(maintaininguniformityacrossthesystem),datasecurity(protectingsensitiveinformation),andefficientdataretrievalandmanipulation(usingqueriestoperformcomplexoperationsquickly).3.Describethepurposeofversioncontrolinsoftwaredevelopment.Answer:Versioncontrolisasystemthatrecordschangestofilesovertime,allowingdeveloperstoreverttopreviousversionsifneeded.Ithelpsintrackingthehistoryofchanges,collaboratingwithotherdevelopers,managingdifferentversionsofthesoftware,andmaintainingastableandreliablecodebase.VersioncontrolsystemslikeGitprovidefeaturessuchasbranching,merging,andcommittingchanges,whichareessentialformodernsoftwaredevelopmentpractices.4.ExplaintheconceptofaRESTfulAPIanditscomponents.Answer:ARESTfulAPI(RepresentationalStateTransfer)isanarchitecturalstylefordesigningnetworkedapplications.ItusesHTTPmethodslikeGET,POST,PUT,andDELETEtoperformoperationsonresources.ThecomponentsofaRESTfulAPIincludeHTTPmethods(todefinetheactiontobeperformed),endpoints(tospecifytheresourcebeingaccessed),statuscodes(toindicatetheresultoftherequest),anddataformats(likeJSONorXML)torepresentthedatabeingsentandreceived.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofdatastructuresinprogramming.Answer:Datastructuresarefundamentaltoprogrammingastheyprovideefficientwaystostore,organize,andmanipulatedata.Theyenableprogrammerstosolvecomplexproblemsbyoptimizingdataaccessandoperations.Commondatastructureslikearrays,linkedlists,trees,andgraphshavespecificusecasesandperformancecharacteristics.Choosingtherightdatastructurecansignificantlyimpacttheefficiencyandscalabilityofaprogram,makingthemcrucialfordevelopinghigh-performancesoftware.2.Explaintheroleofversioncontrolsystemsincollaborativesoftwaredevelopment.Answer:Versioncontrolsystemsplayavitalroleincollaborativesoftwaredevelopmentbyenablingmultipledeveloperstoworkonthesameprojectsimultaneously.Theyprovideacentralizedrepositorywherechangescanbetracked,managed,andreviewed.Featureslikebranchingallowdeveloperstoworkonnewfeaturesorfixesindependentlywithoutdisruptingthemaincodebase.Mergingcombineschangesfromdifferentbranches,ensuringthattheprojectremainsconsistent.Versioncontrolsystemsalsofacilitatecodereviews,issuetracking,anddocumentation,makingthemindispensabletoolsformoderndevelopmentteams.3.Discussthebenefitsofusingadatabaseoverfile-basedsystemsfordatamanagement.Answer:Usingadatabaseoverfile-basedsystemsfordatamanagementoffersseveraladvantages.Databasesprovidebetterdataintegritybyenforcingconstraintsandrules,ensuringthatthedataisaccurateandconsistent.TheysupportefficientdataretrievalandmanipulationthroughpowerfulquerylanguageslikeSQL,allowingcomplexoperationstobeperformedquickly.Databasesalsohandledataredundancybycentralizingdatastorage,reducingtheriskofinconsistencies.Additionally,theyofferrobustsecurityfeatures,backupandrecoverymechanisms,andscalabilitytohandlelargevolumesofdata,makingthemmorereliableandefficientformanagingcomplexdatarequirements.4.Explaintheconceptof