高中英語聽力漸進式聽力訓練法專題08主旨大意類

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錄01030204解題指導各個擊破真題演練技巧提點01解題指導考點應對技巧1)從整體的角度抓住中心詞，記住說話人加重語氣所強調的人、事物以及概念；說話人不止一次提到的內容。2)標出題干和選項中的重點詞匯，特別是選項中具有區(qū)分性的詞匯，把注意力集中在有較大差異的部分。對材料整體內容進行預測。3)此類題型主要情況：一是幾個選項都在聽力原文中出現(xiàn)，要求考生辨別哪個是中心詞，反復討論的對象。二是幾個選項都沒有在聽力原文中出現(xiàn)，這時要求考生對所聽內容進行歸納、概括，得出正確答案。常見的設問方式Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?What’sthepassagemainlyabout?What’sthetopicofthepassage?Whatisthemainideafromthisconversation?Whathappenedtotheman?主要問對話談論的主題。特點是對話雙方就一件事進行探討。要求學生注意對話的完整性，在答題時把雙方的內容聯(lián)系起來考慮，概括出對話的要點。應對該種類型的題目，必須具有較強的語篇理解、概括能力。要求學生首先聽懂整段對話的大體含義，結合內容及所給選項做出判斷。領略主旨大意，概括話題內容。這類試題要求我們對聽到的內容有一個整體的把握和全面的領會，抓住說話者究竟在說什么，然后進行歸納、概括。1、解題指導01解題指導Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?Anewoffice. Achangeoftheirjobs. Aformercolleague.M:Lisa,IsawJackthismorning.W:Youmeantheformerdesignerofourcompany?What’shedoingthesedays?M:Hesaidhe’sgotanewjobasanartreporter.例題分析例題：(2023年6月高考英語全國甲（乙）卷試題Text4)本題關鍵信息：B選項張冠李戴，將Jack所做的事放在了說話者身上；與A選項有關的詞“company”雖然在原文中出現(xiàn)，但需從整體上把握說話者雙方討論的內容，該對話主要談論的是他們的一位前同事Jack在離開公司后的近況，故答案為C。解題技巧：首先聽完整對話內容；再從整體上體會主旨大意，抓住關鍵詞。不應糾纏在某一處上，避免造成以偏概全。01解題指導一、注意開頭句開頭句往往是一段材料的主題句，起著引領全文的作用。即使不是主題句，也對理解全文有著重要意義?！纠?016全國ⅠWhatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.GettingLydiaagift.C.Doingsomeexercise.

【例】2016全國ⅠWhatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.GettingLydiaagift.C.Doingsomeexercise.

W:WhatarewegoingtogetforLydia’sbirthday?M:Howaboutapairofrunningshoes?W:Youknowshehatesdoingexercise.M:ThenIguesswecanbuyherabirthdaycake.主題句01解題指導二、通過話題詞匯推測主旨有的材料中對話雙方都沒有點明談論的事物，需要我們根據(jù)對話中的話題詞匯來判斷。【例】2018年11月浙江Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Anexamresult.C.Asportsgame.【例】2018年11月浙江Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Anexamresult.C.Asportsgame.【錄音原文】W:What’sthescore

now?M:It’s3-2atthemomentinEngland’sfavor.ButSpainseemstobetakingtheupperhandonthefield.01解題指導三、學會歸納總結材料中沒有明顯主題句，需要在理解全文的基礎上進行歸納總結，明確對話雙方談論的主線，不要被細枝末節(jié)所影響?！纠?021新高考Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.【例】2021新高考Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.【錄音原文】M:Wedeep-friedfishthreedaysagointhekitchenbut

theunpleasantsmellstays.W:Thereisamethodyoucantry.Everytimeyoumake

coffee,drytheleftovercoffeegroundsandkeepthem

insmallbowls,thenplacethebowlsinthekitchen.02各個擊破核心考點1：主旨歸納（MainIdea）主旨歸納（MainIdea）

“Hieveryone,todayIwanttotalkabouturbangardening.First,ithelpsreducefoodmilessinceyougrowvegetablesathome.Second,itimprovesairqualitybyaddingmoreplantstothecity.Third,it’sagreatwaytoconnectwithneighbors—manycommunitiessharegardeningtoolsandharvests.So,urbangardeningisn’tjustaboutgrowingfood;it’saboutbuildinghealthier,moreconnectedcities.”定位信號詞：材料開頭“todayIwanttotalkabouturbangardening”點明話題，結尾“So,urbangardening...”總結核心——“不只是種植食物，更是建設更健康、更緊密的城市”，隱含“益處”。題目1：Whatisthemainideaofthetalk??A.Howtogrowvegetablesincities?B.Thebenefitsofurbangardening?C.Waystoconnectwithneighbors02各個擊破核心考點2：話題判斷（Topic）話題判斷（Topic）

M:Haveyouseenthenewschedule?Themathclassismovedto2PMonTuesdays.?W:Oh,that’sgood.Iusedtohaveaconflictwithmybiologylab.?M:Yeah,andthefinalexamwillbeonthelastFridayofthesemester,nottheThursday.?W:Thanksfortellingme.Ineedtoadjustmystudyplan.抓核心名詞：對話中反復出現(xiàn)“schedule”“mathclass...moved”“finalexam...onthelastFriday”，均圍繞“課程安排”展開。02各個擊破核心考點3：目的/意圖推斷（Purpose）目的/意圖推斷（Purpose）

“Attentionallpassengers.The3:15traintoLondonhasbeendelayedduetomechanicalissues.Weapologizefortheinconvenience.Pleasewaitinthemainhall,andwe’llannounceupdatesevery15minutes.Refreshmentswillbeavailableatthecaféwitha20%discountforaffectedpassengers.”結合場景與語氣：開頭“Attentionallpassengers”表明是廣播通知，語氣正式，目的是傳遞信息。03真題演練Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldfriend.B.Aterriblecar.C.Afootballteam.WhatdoesJohnHendersonlooklike?A.Hehasthickblackhair.B.Hehaslinesonhisface.C.Heisalittlebitthin.WhydidJohnHendersoncomeback?A.Togethisoldcar.B.Tovisithismother.C.Towatchamatch.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnHenderson?

A.HehadboughtanewFordcar.B.Hehadworkedabroadforten

years.C.Heandthemanhadbeenfootballteammates.03真題演練【錄音原文】Text9（第13題為主旨要義題）M:Liza,darling,you’llneverguesswhoIranintotheotherday.W:Who?M:JohnHenderson.W:JohnHenderson?M:YourememberJohnHenderson?Yeah,Ihaven’tseenhimfor...Godknows,itmustbeabouttenyears,isn’tit?Helivesoverseasnow.And?he’sjustbacktovisithismotherhere,and...er...well,helookedthesameasever,youknow.?Hedoesn’tseemtochangebuthishairisabitthinnerandhe’sgotafewmorelinesonhisface.Andhe’sgotabitmoremoney.W:Ah,hashe?M:Yeah.Well,wetalkedabouttheolddays.Youknow,how...oh...?wewereinthesamefootballteamandhesoldaterribleoldFordcarwhichkeptbreakingdown.W:Oh,Irememberthat.重點語塊

runintosb.偶然遇見某人linen.皺紋（此處為熟詞新義）03真題演練W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.主旨大意題。女士表示想要搬家，原因是每天有很多汽車經(jīng)過，并且沒有陽光從窗戶照進來。3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacar.B.Movinghouse.C.Fixingthewindow.(2025年新高考Ⅰ卷)03真題演練W:Wereallyneedtomove,Steve.Somanycarsgobyeverydayandnosuncomesthroughthewindows.M:Yeah,thishouseiskindofold.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Maybeweshouldhavealookinthesuburbs.主旨大意題。女士表示想要搬家，原因是每天有很多汽車經(jīng)過，并且沒有陽光從窗戶照進來。3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacar.B.Movinghouse.C.Fixingthewindow.03真題演練W:There’snothingdecenttowatchthesedaysonTV.M:Nothingdecent?There’stonsofstuff.W:(11)They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.Allhavebeenreplacedbythesestupidrealityshowsandgameshows,youknow.M:(12)Well,theyoftenmakemelaugh.Peoplewanttowatchthatkindofthing.It’sgood,youknow.Aslongasthere’sabalance,there’sabitofthis,abitofthat.(2025年新高考Ⅰ卷)根據(jù)女士的話“They’vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms,andthenumberofdocumentaries.”可知，他們減少了新聞節(jié)目和紀錄片的數(shù)量。11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?A.Theyarereplacedbydocumentaries.B.Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.C.Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities.體面的03真題演練W:Tom,shallweinvitetheSmithsaroundfordinnerthisSunday?M:Sure.ButIneedtopackforMonday’sbusinesstrip.WhataboutSaturday?W:Okay.(2024年全國新課標II)主旨大意題。女士表示周日是否要邀請史密斯夫婦來吃晚餐，男士表示周日需要打包周一出差的行李。3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A:Aweekendplan. B:Aweddinginvitation.C:Abusinessdeal.03真題演練W:Howdo