專題13閱讀理解記敘文

2024年

Passage1

【2024新課標I卷】“Iamnotcrazy,“saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture（針灸）

onarabbit.44Iamaheadofmytime."Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkers

occasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhellhavethelastlaugh.He'soneofasmallbut

growingnumberofAmericanveterinarians（獸醫(yī)）nowpracticing“holistic“mcdicinc-combiningtraditional

Westerntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic（1安摩,去）andherbalmedicine.

Farber,agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity,startedoutasamoreconventionalveterinarian.Hebecame

interestedinalternativetreatments20yearsagowhenhesufferedfremterriblebackpain.Hetriedmuscle-relaxing

drugsbutfoundlittlerelief.Thenhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthathe

improvedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikelytoworkonhispatients.So,

afterstudying（hetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.

LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,she

waspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingsomuchthatshewasableto

keephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmore

easilyandridesmorecomfbrtably,'afterachiropracticadjustment.

Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,

hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom

30:oover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,^^hesays."Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.

That'smyjob.”

24.WhatdosomeofFarber'scoworkersthinkofhim?

A.He'sodd.B.He'sstrict.C.He'sbrave.D.He'srude.

25.WhydidFarberdecidetotryacupunctureonpets?

A.Hewastrainedinitatuniversity.B.Hewasinspiredbyanotherveterinarian.

C.Hebenefitedfromitasapatient.D.Hewantedtosavemoneyforpetowners.

26.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Stepsofachiropractictreatment.B.Thecomplexityofveterinarians'work.

C.Examplesofrareanimaldiseases.D.Theeffectivenessofholisticmedicine.

27.WhydocstheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?

A.ToproveFarber'spoint.B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.

C.Topraiseveterinarians.D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.

【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述獸醫(yī)威廉?法伯(WilliamFarber)博1?在從針灸中受益后，將綜合醫(yī)療應(yīng)用

于動物，并取得了初步成效。

【24題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkers

occasionallylaughathisunusualmethods/如果他看起來有點自工，那可能是因為他的?些同事偶爾會嘲笑

他不尋常的方法。)“可知，F(xiàn)arber的同事們有時會嘲笑他不尋常的方法，他們認為他很奇怪。故選A。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的根henhetriedacupuncture,anancientChinesepractice,andwasamazedthathe

improvedaftertwoorthreetreatments.Whatworkedonaveterinarianseemedlikely(oworkonhispatients.So,

afterstudyingthetechniquesforacoupleofyears,hebeganofferingthemtopets.(然后,他嘗試了針灸，這是一

種古老的中國療法，并驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，經(jīng)過兩三次治療\他的病情有所好轉(zhuǎn)。對獸醫(yī)有效的方法似乎對他的

病人也有效。因此，在研究了這些技術(shù)幾年后，他開始把它們提供給寵物。)“可知，F(xiàn)arber作為患者從針灸

中受益，這促使他決定嘗試在寵物上使用針灸。故選C。

【26題詳解】

主旨大意題。注據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“LeighTindale'sdogCharliehadaseriousheartcondition.AfterCharliehadaheart

attack,Tindalesays,shewaspreparedtoputhimtosleep,butFarber'streatmentseasedherdog'ssufferingso

muchthatshewasabletokeephimaliveforanadditionalfivemonths.AndPriscillaDewingreports(hatherhorse,

Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment.(利?廷代爾的狗查理患有

嚴重的心臟病。廷代爾說，查理心臟病發(fā)作后，她準備讓他進入睡眠狀態(tài)，但法伯的治療大大減輕了她的

狗的痛苦，她能夠讓它多活五個月。普里西拉?杜因(PriscillaDewing)報告說，她的馬納皮(Nappy)經(jīng)過脊椎

按摩調(diào)整后，“行動更容易，乘車更舒服)''可知，本段主要講述了兩個例子，一個是Farber通過整體醫(yī)

學(xué)方法幫助了患有嚴重心臟病的狗Charlie,另一個是馬Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治療后移動和騎行更為舒適。

這些例子都是為了說明整體醫(yī)學(xué)的有效性。故選D。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,

andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinary

MedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.（法伯確信，隨著時間的推移，綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，

如果過去有任何跡象的話，他可能是對的:自1982年以來，美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個增加到700

多個。）“可知，法伯認為綜合療法會越來越受歡迎，隨后作者列舉了美國綜合獸醫(yī)協(xié)會的會員已經(jīng)從30個

增加到700多個的例子，因此推斷美國整體獸醫(yī)協(xié)會是為證明法伯的觀點。故選A。

Passage2

[2024北京卷】WhenIwasalittlegirl,Ilikeddrawing,freelyandjoyouslymakingmarksonthewallsat

home.Inprimaryschool,Ilearnedtowriteusingchalks.Writingseemedtobeanotherformofdrawing.Ishaped

individuallettersintorepeatinglines,whichwereabstractforms,delightfulbutmeaninglesspatterns.

Insecondaryschool,artwasmyfavouritesubject.Since.IloveditsomuchIthoughtIwasgoodatit.Forthe

artO-levelexamIhadtopresentanoilpainting.Ifounditdifficult,butstillhopedtopass.Ifailed,withalow

grade.Tdbeenover-confident.NowI\ibeendeclaredtalentless.

Butotherchannelsofcreativitystayedopen:Iwentonwritingpoemsandstories.Still,Iwenttoexhibitions

often.1continuedmyhabitualdrawing,whichInowcharacterisedaschildishdoodling（亂畫）.Inmy30s,Imade

painterfriendsandlearnednewwaysoflookingatart.However,Icouldn'tletmyselfhaveagoatactuallydoingit.

Thoughthesenewfriendswereabstractpaintersusingoilpaints,orwereprintmakersorsculptors,Itookoil

paintingasthetaboo（禁忌）highformIwasn'tallowedtopractice.

Onenight,inmyearly40s,Idreamedthatabigwomaninredapproachedme,handedmeabagofpaints,and

toldmetostartpainting.Thedreamfeltsoauthoritativethatitshookme.Itwasafonnofenergy,givingmeback

somethingI'dlost.Accordingly,Istartedbyexperimentingwithwatercolours.Finally,Iboughtsomeoilpaints.

AlthoughIhaveenjoyedbreakingmydecades-longtabooaboutworkingwithoilpaints,IhavediscoveredI

novzpreferchalksandink.IletmylinedrawingsturnintocarloonsIsendtofriends.Itallfeelsfreeandeasy.

Un-anxious.Thistimearound,Icanacceptmylimitationsbutkeepgoing.

Becomingasuccessfulpaintercallsforbeingresolute.IrealisedIwasalwaysafraidofwantingtoomuch.

Thatdrcamremindedmethatthosefearsanddesirescouldencouragemetotakerisksandmakeexperiments.

24.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheresultoftheartexam?

A.Scared.B.Worried.C.Discouraged.D.Wronged.

25.Inher30s,theauthor.

A.avoidedoilpaintingpracticeB.soughtforapaintingcareer

C.fanciedabstractpaintingD.exhibitedchildpaintings

26.Whichwordwouldbestdescribetheauthor'sdream?

A.Confusing.B.Empowering.

C.Disturbing.D.Entertaining.

27.Whatcanwelearnfrom(hispassage?

A.Actionsspeaklouder(hanwords.B.Hardworkisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Dreamsarcthereflectionsofrealities.D.Creativeactivitiesinvolvebeingconfident.

【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一直喜歡繪回，但中學(xué)時由于油畫測試成績較低，作者

對繪畫失去了信心。在40歲出頭時，一個夢讓作者重拾畫油畫的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ifounditdifficult,butstillhopedtopass.Ifailed,withalowgrade.I'dbeen

over-confident.Now「dbeendeclaredtalcntlcss.（我覺得很難，但仍希望能通過測試。我沒有通過，而且成績

很低。我過于自信了?，F(xiàn)在，我被宣布為亳無（油畫）天賦的人了）“并結(jié)合下文中作者多年不碰油畫的經(jīng)歷可

推知，作者對美術(shù)考試的結(jié)果感到氣餒。故選C。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inmy30s,Imadepainterfriendsandlearnednewwaysoflookingatart.（在我30多歲

時，我結(jié)交了畫家朋友們,學(xué)到了看待藝術(shù)的新方法）”和“Thoughthesenewfriendswereabstractpaintersusing

oilpaints,orwereprintmakersorsculptors,Itookoilpaintingasthetaboo（禁忌）highformIwasn'tallowedto

practice.（雖然這些新朋友是使用油畫顏料的抽象畫師，或者是版畫家或雕塑家，但我把油畫作為禁忌的高

級形式，不允許我練習(xí)）”可知，作者在30多歲時回避練習(xí)油畫。故選A。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thedreamfeltsoauthoritativethatitshookme.Itwasaformofenergy,givingmeback

something「dlost.（這個夢給我的感覺是如此的權(quán)威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一種形式，讓我回我失去了

的東西）“可知，作者的夢賦予作者練習(xí)油畫的力量。故選B。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Becomingasuccessfulpaintercallsfbrbeingresolute.IrealisedIwasalwaysafraidof

wantingtoomuch.（成為一名成功的畫家需要有決心。我意識到我總是害怕想要得太多）”及文章內(nèi)容可知，

本文主要講述了作者一直喜歡繪畫，但中學(xué)時由于油畫測試成績較低，作者對繪畫失去了信心。在40歲出

頭時，一個夢讓作者重拾畫油畫的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我們能從文章中學(xué)到創(chuàng)

作活動需要自信，故選D。

Passage3

12024浙江1月卷】Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall

not（oshelterfromtherain.Agesagoright?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxfbritsintendedpurposewas...2006.1

wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssome

talentedactorstocomeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit

seemabitmore''youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.SuddenlyIwaslocked

outside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectory

Assistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimeto

gelbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenarenolongeranypublic

telephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicoinmunitylibrary'':anypasser-by

can“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“l(fā)ibrary“opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumedthatitwouldbe

stuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesofvoluminousbooks

onvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouragedmetoexperimentwith

dozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndTvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadlynolongerbeabletoconnedme

withmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformywifetorescueme.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

5.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.D.Toholdanaudition.

6.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary',?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

7.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe“l(fā)ibrary”？

A.Hewanted（oborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是?篇記敘文。隨著手機的普及，電話亭漸漸地被人們遺忘，作者家附近的最后一個電話亭被

改造成了“迷你圖書館”，作者偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)那里有很多不錯的免費書籍，這讓作者覺得很棒。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第五句"Iwasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhousein

London.（我當(dāng)時在倫敦我那狹小的合租房子里為我的劇本進行試演。）”可知，此處是指使“我”的合租房

看起來更“年輕專業(yè)”一點，所以it代指“合租房”。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句"So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived4所以，我打電

話給電話查號臺，接通了女房東的經(jīng)紀人，他們給了我一把備用鑰匙，剛好來得及在演員們到來之前回去。）”

可知，作者在2006年使用電話亭是為了撥打緊急電話。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句uThelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicommunitylibraryn:any

passer-bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirown

collection.（最后一個被改造成了一個“迷你社區(qū)圖書館”：任何路過的人都可以從它的書架上“借”書，以

后還回來，或者用自己收藏的另一本書來替換。）”可知，任何人都可以為“迷你社區(qū)圖書館”的捐贈圖書。

故選Bo

【7題詳解】

細芍理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后四句"ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesofvoluminous

hocksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouragedmeto

experimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI'vediscoveredsonicgreat

books!（然后我注意到?？苏谶M行春季大掃除，把各種主題的大書一箱箱地扔到那里。而且這些書是免費

的。這個無與倫比的價格點鼓勵我嘗試許多我通常不會考慮購買的標題。我還發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些很棒的書?。笨?/p>

知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)“迷你圖書館”里有很多免費的很棒的書，所以開始使用。故選C。

2023年

PassageI

[2023年新高考全國I卷】WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,

observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplants

andalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedto

cleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（紐|菌）？Whichkindsoffishcancatcanccr-causingchemicals?

Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.He

decidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.

ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge（*虧泥）.First,heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaitcc.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegot

usedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.

Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

OvertheyearsJohnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

（污水）from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedancco-machinctocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,a

cityinsoutheastChina.

“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedocs."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsforthe

inventor/*hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenew

systemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.''

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.

C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.

5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?

A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.

C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totest(heeco-machine.

6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?

A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.

C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention

7.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?

A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.

C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.

【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個生態(tài)機器，利用自

然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來凈化污水。

"題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observing

hov/naturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalong

rockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanup

（hemessespeopleweremaking.（當(dāng)約翰?托德還是個孩子的時候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹林，觀察大自然

是如何解決問題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往變得清澈。長大后，

約翰開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂）”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,

medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentback（oobservingnatursandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplants

trapharmfulbacteria（細菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?（在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和

漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細菌？哪些魚類會食

用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？）”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強。故選C。

【5題詳解】

細芍理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedihesludge.（幾個星期后，約翰把污泥加了進去）”以

及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetook（hesludgeasfood

andbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.（他對,結(jié)果感到驚訝。

生態(tài)機器里的動植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開始吃起來！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水）”可知，

約翰把污泥放進罐子里為了測試生態(tài)機器。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagrccnhouse-likc

facilitythattreatedsewage（污水）from1*600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedancco-machinetoclean

canalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsouttcastChina.（這些年來，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開發(fā)了一個類似溫室

的設(shè)施，可以處理來自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計了一種生態(tài)機器來清潔中國東南部城市福州

的運河水）”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后?段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyoulet

thesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.（你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會發(fā)生什么。然后

讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式）”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A。

Passage2

[2023年新高考全國II卷】Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkfor

micdleandhighschoolkids.Anda（firstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,

aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,

environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.

Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfood

restaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.<4Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoft

drinks,Mshesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawfiil,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.''Thoughsomeare

initiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.

UrbanSprouts'classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoil

testing,tlower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severallimesayear,

studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.

Programevaluationsshowthatkidscatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosay

theywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently/'Jaramillosays.

Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthatthey

bringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffect

onJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.t4Theygetoutside,“shesays,

“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”

4.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?

A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.

C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.

5.WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?

A.Thekids'parentsdistrustedher.B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.

C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.D.Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.

C.Short-lived.D.Unidentifiable.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RescuingSchoolGardensB.ExperiencingCountryLife

C.GrowingVegetableLoversD.ChangingLocalLandscape

【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)能力，環(huán)

保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目，讓學(xué)生通過體驗鄉(xiāng)村生活，對學(xué)生影響深遠。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Andatfirsti（is,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,

aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.（起初是這樣的，艾比?哈拉米洛說，她和另一位老師在四所

低收入學(xué)校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項目。）”可知，艾比?哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouls的發(fā)起者。故

選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawfill,dirtisawful,insectsare

awful?'Thoughsomearcinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostarceagertotrysomething

new.（她說?！八麄儊碚椅覀儯J為蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆蟲也很可怕。''雖然有些人一開始害怕昆蟲，

對泥土感到厭煩，但大多數(shù)人都渴望嘗試新的東西。）”可知，項目之初，一些學(xué)生不喜歡園藝工作。故選

Co

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一?段”Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetso

interestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthe

gardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotional

controlissues."Theygetoutside,nshesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful."（她補充說，該計劃的好處不僅僅是營養(yǎng)。

有些學(xué)生對園藝非常感興趣，他們帶回家種子開始自己的菜園。此外，在花園里工作似乎對Jaramillo的特

殊教育學(xué)生有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問題?！八麄冏吡顺鋈ィ八f，“他們覺得成功。"）”

可知，這個項目不僅給學(xué)生提供了有營養(yǎng)的食物，而且許多學(xué)生回家開創(chuàng)了自己的菜園，對有情緒控制問

題的學(xué)生也起到了鎮(zhèn)靜作用，從而推知，該項目的影響是深遠的。故選A。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第?段的“Andalfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouls,

aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,

environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.（起初是這樣的，艾比?哈拉米洛說，她和另一位老師在四所低

收入學(xué)校啟動了“UrbanSprouts”學(xué)?；▓@項目。該項目旨在幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)科學(xué)技能、環(huán)保意識和健康的生

活方式。）”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了AbbyJaramillo等老師在低收入學(xué)校發(fā)起的培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)

能力，環(huán)保意識以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花園項目，it學(xué)生體驗鄉(xiāng)村生活，對學(xué)生影響深遠。因

此推斷B項“體驗鄉(xiāng)村生活”符合文意，最適合作為本文標題。故選B。

Passage3

[2023年全國乙卷】LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape（風(fēng)景）can

bequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.

AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfind

distinctivecharacterin（hehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursaway

toshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itend（otravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysideto

goonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.

Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.Ioftenleaveearlytoseekthe

rightdestinationsso1cansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissed

plentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunriscsduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment

OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil'sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz（石英）rock

aroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthe

sceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleave

thisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute（路線）sowe

endedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerasset

upinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeen

somuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.

4.Howdoestheauthordealwith（hechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?

A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstaleparks.

C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.

5.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Propertimemanagement.B.Goodshootingtechniques.

C.Adventurousspirit.D.Distinctivestyles.

6.WhatcanwcinferfromtheauthortripwithfiiendstoDcviTsLake?

A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.

B.Theyfellstressedwhilewaitingfor（hesunset.

C.Theyreached（heshootingspotlaterthanexpected.

D.Theyhadproblemswiththeiremipment.

7.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDeviPsLake?

A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.

C.Encouraging.D.Comforling.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名風(fēng)景攝影師，在攝影途中發(fā)生的一些所見所聞。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。通過文章第二段“Ilendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountiysidetogoon

adventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.（我傾向「和幾個朋友一起去州M公園或鄉(xiāng)村探險，沿途拍照）”可知,

作為一名中西部的風(fēng)景攝影師，作者應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方式是去鄉(xiāng)村或州立公園拍攝。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。通過文章最后段"Slill,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshots（houghthey

couldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenprepared