HighSchoolEnglish定語從句專項(xiàng)學(xué)習(xí)AttributiveClausesSpecialTrainingContents課程目錄01核心概念定語從句核心概念與構(gòu)成02關(guān)系詞用法關(guān)系詞的分類與用法詳解03句式分類限制性與非限制性定語從句04深度解析重點(diǎn)語法規(guī)則深挖05解題技巧定語從句易錯(cuò)題解題技巧06專項(xiàng)練習(xí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練與答案解析01核心概念定語從句核心概念與構(gòu)成CoreConcepts&Structure定語從句的定義與構(gòu)成定義Definition定語從句是修飾名詞或代詞（即先行詞）的從句，能讓句子表達(dá)更豐富、精準(zhǔn)。通過關(guān)系詞連接主句和從句，關(guān)系詞兼具連接作用與從句成分擔(dān)當(dāng)功能。核心構(gòu)成CoreComponents1先行詞Antecedent被定語從句修飾的名詞/代詞，可指代人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因等2關(guān)系詞RelativeWord分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，選擇取決于先行詞類型及在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞值湫屠銽hegirlwhoisstandingthereismysister.站著的那個(gè)女孩是我的妹妹。ThisisthebookwhichIboughtyesterday.這是我昨天買的書。02關(guān)系詞用法關(guān)系詞的分類與用法詳解RelativeWordsUsage關(guān)系代詞全覽關(guān)系代詞指代對(duì)象從句中成分典型例句who人主語/賓語Thegirlwhoisstandingthereismysister.whom人賓語(正式)Themanwhomwetalkedtoisaprofessor.whose人/物定語(表所屬)Thisisthestudentwhosemotherisadoctor.which物主語/賓語Thebookwhichisonthedeskismine.that人/物主語/賓語Thegirlthatwontheprizeismyclassmate.重要提示當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞(something,nothing)、被序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)修飾、被theonly/thevery等限定詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which。關(guān)系副詞全覽關(guān)系副詞指代對(duì)象從句中成分典型例句when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語Istillrememberthedaywhenwefirstmet.我仍然記得我們第一次見面的那一天。where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語Thisistheparkwherewehadapicnic.這就是我們野餐的那個(gè)公園。why原因原因狀語Thereasonwhyhewaslateisunknown.他遲到的原因不明。補(bǔ)充說明關(guān)系副詞可替換為"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)：when=on/in/atwhichwhere=in/at/onwhichwhy=forwhich03句式分類限制性與非限制性定語從句Restrictive&Non-restrictive兩種定語從句的對(duì)比對(duì)比維度作用形式標(biāo)點(diǎn)關(guān)系詞例句限制性限定先行詞，去掉后主句意思不完整與主句緊密連接，無逗號(hào)隔開無逗號(hào)關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)可省略Theteacherwhoteachesusmathisverykind.非限制性補(bǔ)充說明先行詞，去掉后主句意思仍完整與主句用逗號(hào)隔開有逗號(hào)關(guān)系代詞不能省略，且不能用thatMyfather,whoisaworker,likesfishing.關(guān)鍵區(qū)別：限制性從句提供必要信息，非限制性從句提供額外信息04深度解析重點(diǎn)語法規(guī)則深挖In-depthGrammarRulesthat/which用法核心區(qū)別只能用that的8種場(chǎng)景1.先行詞被特定限定詞修飾theonly,thevery,thelast,any,all,no等例：Heistheonlystudentthatpassedtheexam.2.先行詞為特定不定代詞all,everything,nothing,something,anything等例：Everythingthatwesawwasinteresting.4.先行詞被序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)修飾例：ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtinEnglish.5.主句以who/which開頭例：WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTom?6.先行詞作表語例：Heisnottheman(that)heusedtobe.7.先行詞被并列連詞連接8.先行詞為way/time且作狀語例：Thisistheway(that/inwhich)hesolvedtheproblem.只能用which的3種場(chǎng)景1.非限制性定語從句中，指代物或整個(gè)主句例：Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryuseful.2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，指代物例：Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.3.先行詞為that/those時(shí)（避免重復(fù)）例：What'sthatwhichisshininginthesky?例：Wetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthatwevisited.3.先行詞既有人又有物例：Boththepenandthenotebookthatshegavemearelost.who/whom用法規(guī)則1非限制性定語從句中，指代人who可作主語或賓語，不能用that例：Mysister,whoisadoctor,willcometoseeme.2介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，指代人介詞后只能用whom，不能用who或that例：Thepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisourheadmaster.3特定指人不定代詞作先行詞，從句缺主語people,those,anyone,everyone,someone,noone等例：Anyonewhobreakstheruleswillbepunished.4therebe/herebe句型中，先行詞為人從句缺主語時(shí)需用who例：Thereisaboywhowantstoseeyou.核心要點(diǎn)who用于指人，可作主語或賓語whom用于指人，只能作賓語，正式用法介詞后必須用whom非限制性定語從句中不能用that定語從句vs同位語從句對(duì)比維度定語從句同位語從句核心作用修飾、限定先行詞解釋、說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容先行詞類型各類名詞(人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等)多為抽象名詞(news,fact,idea,truth,hope等)關(guān)系詞作用在從句中作主語、賓語、狀語等成分僅起連接作用，不在從句中作成分that特殊性that作賓語時(shí)可省略that不可省略，無實(shí)際意義典型例句Thenewsthathetoldmeistrue.that在從句中作told的賓語Thenewsthatourteamwonistrue.that僅起連接作用，從句解釋news的內(nèi)容判斷技巧判斷that是否在從句中作成分：如果從句缺少主語、賓語或表語，that在從句中作成分，是定語從句；如果從句成分完整，that僅起連接作用，是同位語從句。主謂一致與介詞搭配主謂一致規(guī)則核心原則定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)與先行詞保持一致oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞先行詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù)例：HeisoneofthestudentswhoaregoodatEnglish.theonlyoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞先行詞為theonlyone（單數(shù)），從句謂語用單數(shù)例：HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoisgoodatEnglish.介詞確定方法核心邏輯介詞由先行詞的搭配、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配或句子邏輯含義決定1依據(jù)從句謂語動(dòng)詞的固定搭配例：HeistheboytowhomItalkedyesterday(talkto)2依據(jù)先行詞的固定搭配例：Thisisthecityinwhichhewasborn(city與in搭配)3依據(jù)句子的邏輯含義例：ThisisthebaginwhichIputmybooks(inthebag)05解題技巧定語從句易錯(cuò)題解題技巧Problem-solvingSkills關(guān)系詞選擇核心判斷法兩步判斷法先判"成分"，再定"指代"1分析定語從句缺少的句子成分·缺主語/賓語/定語→用關(guān)系代詞·缺狀語→用關(guān)系副詞2結(jié)合先行詞指代對(duì)象鎖定關(guān)系詞·指人→who/whom/that/whose·指物→which/that/whose易錯(cuò)例題Thisisthepark______wehadapicnic.分析：從句"wehadapicnic"主謂賓完整，缺地點(diǎn)狀語，先行詞是表地點(diǎn)的park→用where答案：where(或inwhich)"that"的專屬使用場(chǎng)景先行詞是不定代詞something,nothing,anything,all,few等例：Allthatweneedistime.先行詞被序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)修飾例：ThisisthefirstbookthatIreadinEnglish.先行詞被theonly/thevery/thesame等修飾例：Heistheverymanthatwearelookingfor.先行詞既有人又有物例：Ican'tforgetthepeopleandplacesthatIvisitedlastyear.whosevs"ofwhich/whom"whose表所屬關(guān)系，可指代人或物若先行詞是物，也可替換為"the+名詞+ofwhich"或"ofwhich+the+名詞"易混關(guān)系詞對(duì)比辨析易混詞區(qū)別例句when

vsthat/whichwhen在從句中作時(shí)間狀語that/which在從句中作主語/賓語①Irememberthedaywhenwemet.(作狀語)②Irememberthedaysthatwespenttogether.(作賓語)wherevsthat/whichwhere在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語that/which在從句中作主語/賓語①ThisistheschoolwhereIstudied.(作狀語)whyvsthat/whichwhy在從句中作原因狀語that/which在從句中作主語/賓語①Thereasonwhyhewaslateisclear.(作狀語)②Thereasonthathegaveisnottrue.(作賓語)核心判斷技巧判斷從句是否缺少狀語：如果從句主謂賓完整，通常缺少狀語，用when/where/why；如果從句缺少主語或賓語，用that/which。②ThisistheschoolthatIvisited.(作賓語)06專項(xiàng)練習(xí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練與答案解析Practice&SolutionsThegirlwho/thatiswearingareddressismycousin.練習(xí)一：用合適的關(guān)系詞填空1.2.Thisisthefactorywhere/inwhichmyfatherworked10yearsago.3.Thebookwhosecoverisblueismine.4.Idon'tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichheleftearly.5.Thepenthat/which/不填

yougavemewritesverywell.6.Heistheonlystudentthatpassedtheexam.7.Myhometown,whichisinthesouthofChina,isverybeautiful.8.Istillrememberthetimethat/which/

不填wespenttogetherinthecountryside.解題要點(diǎn)指人who/whom/that/whose指物which/that/whose狀語when/where/why所屬whose練習(xí)二：選擇題1.Thisisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverread.()A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what2.Thegirl______wetalkedaboutjustnowisourmonitor.()A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.where3.Hehasthreesisters,______aredoctors.()A.allofwhomB.allofthatC.allofwhichD.allofwho4.Asweallknow,theearthisaplanet______goesaroundthesun.()A.whoB.thatC.whereD.why5.Thisisthehotel______westayedlastsummer.()A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.where6.Theman______sheismarriedisadoctor.()A.whomB.towhomC.withwhomD.which練習(xí)三：句型轉(zhuǎn)換與合并句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Wevisitedthefactory.Myfatherusedtoworkthere.2.Thisisthereason.Heleftschoolforthisreason.→Thisisthereason

heleftschool.3.Thisisthebag.Iputmybooksinthebag.→Thisisthebag

Iputmybooks.4.Heistheperson.Iborrowedmoneyfromhim.→Heistheperson

Iborrowedmoney.5.Sheisthegirl.Shehelpedmeyesterday.→Sheisthegirl

helpedmeyesterday.合并句子1.Theboyismybrother.Heisplayingbasketballoverthere.2.Thisisthecity.Iwasborninthiscity.3.Iboughtanewphoneyesterday.Itspriceisveryhigh.4.Thefilmisveryinteresting.Wesawitlastnight.→Wevisitedthefactory

myfatherusedtowork.where/inwhich

why/forwhichinwhichfromwhomwho

Theboywho/thatisplayingbasketballoverthereismybrother.2.Thisisthecitywhere