2025年英語四六級完形填空沖刺試卷，下半2025年備考重點解析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartVClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblank,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosetheBESToneforeachblankaccordingtothecontextofthepassage.Thehumanbrainisperhapsthemostcomplexorganintheuniverse.Itcontrolsourthoughts,feelings,memories,andvirtuallyevery(1)_______weperform.Despitedecadesofresearch,scientistsstilldonotfullyunderstandhowitworks.However,recentstudieshave(2)_______lightonsomeofitsmysteries,especiallyregardinghowwelearnandrememberinformation.Onekeyaspectofbrainfunctionisitsremarkableabilitytochangeandadapt.Thisproperty,knownasneuroplasticity,(3)_______thatourbrainscanreorganizethemselvesbyformingnewneuralconnectionsthroughoutlife.Whenwelearnsomethingnew,thebrain(4)_______existingpathwaysandcreatesnewones.Thisprocessisnotonlycrucialforlearningbutalsoforrecoveryfrombraininjuries.Thebrainalsoreliesheavilyoncommunicationbetweenitsbillionsofneurons.Theseneuronstransmitinformationthroughelectricalandchemicalsignals.Neurotransmitters,suchasdopamineandserotonin,playavitalroleinthisprocess.Theyhelpregulatemood,motivation,andevenpainperception.(5)_______thebalanceofthesechemicalsisdisrupted,itcanleadtovariousmentalhealthdisorders.Anotherfascinatingaspectofthebrainisitscapacityformemory.Memoriesarenotstoredinonesinglelocationbutaredistributedacrossdifferentpartsofthebrain.Short-termmemoriesareheldbriefly,whilelong-termmemoriesrequiremorecomplexprocesses.Theformationoflong-termmemoriesinvolvesamechanismcalledlong-termpotentiation(LTP),whichstrengthenstheconnectionsbetweenneurons.Researchhasalsoshownthatcertainlifestylechoicescansignificantlyimpactbrainhealth.Regularphysicalexercise,forexample,hasbeenproventoboostbrainfunctionbyincreasingbloodflowandpromotingthegrowthofnewneurons.Similarly,ahealthydietrichinantioxidantsandomega-3fattyacidscanprotectthebrainfromdamagecausedbyoxidativestress.Meditationandmindfulnesspracticeshavealsogainedattentionfortheirpotentialbenefits.Thesetechniquescanhelpreducestress,improvefocus,andenhanceoverallcognitivefunction.Bypromotingastateofcalmandrelaxation,meditationmayencouragethebraintocreatenewconnectionsandimproveneuralcommunication.Asourunderstandingofthebraincontinuestoevolve,newtechnologiesandresearchmethodsareprovidingdeeperinsightsintoitsworkings.TechniquessuchasfMRIandPETscansallowscientiststovisualizebrainactivityinrealtime.Theseadvancementsarepavingthewayformoreeffectivetreatmentsforneurologicalandpsychiatricdisorders.Inconclusion,thehumanbrainisaremarkableandintricateorgan.Itsabilitytolearn,remember,andadaptistrulyawe-inspiring.Bystudyingandunderstandingthebrain,wecannotonlyenhanceourowncognitiveabilitiesbutalsodevelopbetterstrategiesformaintainingbrainhealththroughoutourlives.(6)_______wecontinuetoexploreitsmysteries,themorewecanharnessitspotentialtoimproveourqualityoflife.Thebrain'scomplexityalsoposessignificantchallengesforresearchers.(7)_______understandingtheexactmechanismsbehindbrainfunctionremainselusive,scientistsaremakingsteadyprogress.Oneareathathasseenconsiderableadvancementisthestudyofconsciousness.Consciousnesshaslongbeenapuzzleforscientists,asitisdifficulttodefineandevenhardertomeasure.However,recentresearchhassuggestedthatconsciousnessmayberelatedtothebrain'sglobalnetworkdynamics.Thistheoryproposesthatconsciousnessarisesfromthecoordinatedactivityofwidespreadneuralnetworksthroughoutthebrain.Tostudyconsciousness,researchersoftenuseavarietyofmethods.Oneapproachistoobservebrainactivityinindividuals(8)_______theyreportdifferentstatesofconsciousness,suchasbeingawake,asleep,orundertheinfluenceofcertainsubstances.Bycomparingthesebrainactivitypatterns,scientistshopetoidentifytheneuralcorrelatesofconsciousness.Anothermethodinvolvesusingcomputationalmodelstosimulatebrainactivity.Thesemodelscanhelpresearcherstesthypothesesabouthowthebrainprocessesinformationandgeneratesconsciousexperiences.Whilethesemodelsarestillintheirinfancy,theyholdpromiseforprovidingnewinsightsintothenatureofconsciousness.Despitetheseadvancements,manyquestionsaboutconsciousnessremainunanswered.Forexample,howdoneuralprocessesgiverisetosubjectiveexperiences?Whydosomeindividualsexperienceconsciousnesswhileothers,suchasthoseinavegetativestate,donot?Thesequestionsrequirefurtherinvestigationandcollaborationamongresearchersfromvariousdisciplines.Inthefuture,advancementsintechnologymayallowforevenmoredetailedstudiesofthebrainandconsciousness.Techniquessuchasoptogenetics,whichinvolvesusinglighttocontrolneurons,couldprovideresearcherswithunprecedentedcontroloverspecificbraincircuits.Thiscouldenablethemtomanipulateandobservebrainactivityinwaysthatwerepreviouslyimpossible.Ultimately,thestudyofthebrainandconsciousnessisajourneyofdiscovery.Whiletheroadaheadisfilledwithchallenges,thepotentialrewardsareimmense.Byunravelingthemysteriesofthebrain,wecannotonlyenhanceourunderstandingofourselvesbutalsodevelopnewtreatmentsforneurologicaldisordersandimprovethequalityoflifeformillionsofpeople.(9)_______thefieldcontinuestoevolve,itisessentialthatweapproachitwithcuriosity,open-mindedness,andawillingnesstoexploretheunknown.Neuroplasticity,thebrain'sabilitytoreorganizeitself,isnotlimitedtoearlydevelopment.Itcontinuesthroughoutourentirelives,allowingustoadapttonewenvironmentsandlearnnewskills.Thisphenomenonhassignificantimplicationsforeducationandlifelonglearning.(10)_______weunderstandhowthebrainlearns,wecandevelopmoreeffectiveteachingmethodsandlearningstrategies.Forinstance,researchhasshownthatspacingoutlearningsessionsovertime,ratherthancramming,leadstobetterretentionofinformation.Thisisbecausethebrainneedstimetoconsolidatememories.Similarly,engaginginactivelearningtechniques,suchasproblem-solvinganddiscussion,canenhanceneuralconnectionsandimproveunderstanding.Thebrain'splasticityalsoplaysaroleinrecoveryfrombraininjuries.Afteraninjury,thebraincanoftenrewireitselftocompensatefordamagedareas.Thisprocess,knownasfunctionalreorganization,canleadtosignificantimprovementsinmotorfunctionandcognitiveabilities.(11)_______earlyinterventionandrehabilitation,patientscanoftenregainlostfunctionsandimprovetheirqualityoflife.However,itisimportanttonotethatthebrain'sabilitytoadaptisnotlimitless.Certaintypesofbraindamagecanbeirreversible,andrecoverymaybelimited.(12)_______understandingthelimitsofneuroplasticityiscrucialforsettingrealisticexpectationsanddevelopingappropriatetreatmentplans.Inadditiontoitsroleinlearningandrecovery,thebrain'splasticityisalsoinvolvedinemotionalregulation.Ourbrainscanchangeinresponsetoourexperiencesandenvironment.Forexample,chronicstresscanalterbrainchemistryandleadtonegativeemotionssuchasanxietyanddepression.(13)_______practicingstress-managementtechniquesandengaginginactivitiesthatpromotewell-being,wecanhelpregulateouremotionsandmaintainmentalhealth.Thebrain'sabilitytoadaptalsohasimplicationsforpersonalgrowthandself-improvement.(14)_______weareawareofourbrain'splasticity,wecanactivelyworktochangeourhabitsandbehaviors.Bysettinggoalsandpracticingnewskills,wecaneffectivelyretrainourbrainsandcreatepositivechangesinourlives.Inconclusion,thebrain'splasticityisapowerfulforcethatenablesustolearn,adapt,andrecover.(15)_______weharnessthisability,wecanunlockourfullpotentialandleadmorefulfillinglives.Byunderstandingandutilizingthebrain'splasticity,wecannotonlyimproveourownwell-beingbutalsocontributetotheadvancementofscienceandthebettermentofsociety.Thestudyofthebrainanditsfunctionshascaptivatedhumansforcenturies.(16)_______newdiscoveriescontinuetobemade,ourunderstandingofthiscomplexorganisconstantlyevolving.Fromtheearlieststudiesofthebraintothelatestadvancementsinneuroscience,wehavecomealongwayinunravelingitsmysteries.OneofthemostsignificantmilestonesinthehistoryofneurosciencewasthedevelopmentofthefirstbrainatlasbyGaleninthe2ndcenturyAD.(17)_______theseearlymapsprovidedabasicunderstandingofthebrain'sstructure,theywerelimitedindetailandaccuracy.However,theylaidthefoundationforfutureresearchandprovidedaframeworkforstudyingbrainfunction.The19thcenturysawtheriseofmodernneurosciencewiththedevelopmentofnewtechniquesandtools.(18)_______scientistscouldnowstainandstudybraintissueindetail,theygainedamuchbetterunderstandingofitsstructureandorganization.Thisperiodalsowitnessedthediscoveryofneurotransmitters,whichrevolutionizedourunderstandingofhowthebraincommunicates.The20thcenturywasatimeofincredibleadvancementsinbrainimagingtechnology.TechniquessuchasCTscansandMRIallowedresearcherstovisualizethebraininthreedimensionsandobserveitsactivityinrealtime.(19)_______thesetechnologieshavegreatlyenhancedourabilitytodiagnoseandtreatneurologicaldisorders,theyhavealsoprovidedvaluableinsightsintobrainfunctionandbehavior.Today,thefieldofneuroscienceismorevibrantthaneverbefore.(20)_______newtechnologiesandresearchmethodscontinuetoemerge,weareonthecuspofevengreaterdiscoveries.Bystudyingthebrain,wecannotonlyenhanceourunderstandingofourselvesbutalsodevelopnewtreatmentsforneurologicalandpsychiatricdisorders,andultimatelyimprovethehumancondition.試卷答案1.C解析：空格所在句子意為“它控制我們執(zhí)行的幾乎每一個_______”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“行動”或“行為”的名詞。performactions(執(zhí)行行動)為固定搭配，actions指代泛指的各種行為，符合句意。Actions是復(fù)數(shù)形式，與perform搭配，作perform的賓語。2.B解析：空格所在句子意為“最近的研究已經(jīng)_______了一些關(guān)于其神秘之處的新發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“揭示”或“闡明”的動詞。Thestudieshaveshedlighton...為固定搭配，意為“……揭示了……”，符合句意。3.D解析：空格所在句子意為“這種特性，已知為神經(jīng)可塑性，_______我們的大腦可以通過在整個一生中形成新的神經(jīng)連接來重新組織自己”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“表明”或“意味著”的動詞。Thepropertysignifiesthat...為固定搭配，意為“……表明……”，符合句意。Signifies是動詞，意為“表明，象征”。4.A解析：空格所在句子意為“當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)新事物時，大腦會_______現(xiàn)有的通路并創(chuàng)建新的通路”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“改變”或“調(diào)整”的動詞。Thebrainaltersexistingpathwaysandcreatesnewones.意為“大腦改變現(xiàn)有的通路并創(chuàng)建新的通路”，符合句意。Alter意為“改變，更改”。5.F解析：空格所在句子意為“_______這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)的平衡被破壞，它可能導(dǎo)致各種心理健康疾病”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“如果”或“當(dāng)”的連詞引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Ifthebalance...isdisrupted...為固定句型，意為“如果……被破壞……”，符合句意。6.G解析：空格所在句子意為“_______我們繼續(xù)探索其奧秘，我們就越多可以harness(利用)其潛力來提高我們的生活質(zhì)量”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“隨著”或“當(dāng)”的連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。Aswecontinuetoexplore...為固定句型，意為“隨著我們繼續(xù)探索……”，符合句意。7.H解析：空格所在句子意為“_______理解大腦功能的精確機(jī)制仍然難以捉摸”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“盡管”或“雖然”的連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Althoughunderstanding...remainselusive為固定句型，意為“盡管理解……仍然難以捉摸”，符合句意。8.I解析：空格所在句子意為“研究人員通常使用各種方法觀察大腦活動，_______他們報告不同的意識狀態(tài)，例如清醒、睡著或受某些物質(zhì)影響”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“當(dāng)”或“在……時”的連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。Whenindividualsreport...為固定句型，意為“當(dāng)個人報告……時”，符合句意。9.J解析：空格所在句子意為“_______該領(lǐng)域繼續(xù)發(fā)展，我們必須以好奇心、開放的態(tài)度和探索未知的意愿來對待它”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“隨著”或“當(dāng)”的連詞引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。Asthefieldcontinuestoevolve...為固定句型，意為“隨著該領(lǐng)域繼續(xù)發(fā)展……”，符合句意。10.K解析：空格所在句子意為“_______我們了解大腦是如何學(xué)習(xí)的，我們可以開發(fā)更有效的教學(xué)方法和學(xué)習(xí)策略”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“由于”或“因為”的連詞引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。Becauseweunderstandhowthebrainlearns...為固定句型，意為“因為我們對大腦是如何學(xué)習(xí)的有所了解……”，符合句意。11.L解析：空格所在句子意為“_______早期干預(yù)和康復(fù)，患者通常可以恢復(fù)失去的功能并提高他們的生活質(zhì)量”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“通過”或“憑借”的介詞短語。Throughearlyinterventionandrehabilitation為固定搭配，意為“通過早期干預(yù)和康復(fù)”，符合句意。12.M解析：空格所在句子意為“_______了解神經(jīng)可塑性的極限對于設(shè)定現(xiàn)實的期望和制定適當(dāng)?shù)闹委熡媱澲陵P(guān)重要”。根據(jù)語境，此處應(yīng)填入表示“盡管”或“雖然”的連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Althoughunderstandi