翻譯二級筆譯綜合能力分類模擬題46

ClozeTest

Directions:Inthefollowingpassage,thereare58blanks

representingthew(江南博哥)ordsthataremissingfromthecontexts.

Youaretoreadthepassagethroughbeforeprovidingthemissingword

ofeachbhinkwithoutlookingattheAnswer.Then,compareyour

AnswerswiththeAnswersprovidedandlearnfromthepossible

dirrereiiues.

OurPerception

Mostofusassumethatoureyessendanaccuratecopyofthe

externalworldalongnervepathwaystothebrain,whereitis

projectedonakindofscreen.Yetthereisagooddealofevidence

thatourimpressionsarenotsimplymentalphotographsofwhatis

goingon〃outthere.，zRather,ourperceptionsarefilteredthrough

thelensofourpreviousexperiences,attitudesandbeliefs.Thisis

trueofeventhesimplestkindsofperception.Forexample,whena

carappearsonthe1youreyessendanimageofa

miniatureautomobiletoyour2,animagethatgrows

largerasthecarapproaches.Whatyou3,however,isa

normal-sizedcar,becauseyouknowthatcarsdonot4and

contract.Ifthecarisyoursandyouknowit's5.you

willperceiveitasbluewhetherit'sinbrightsunlight,darkshadow,

orunderayellow6.

Inmuchthesameway,weadjustoursocialperceptions

to7whatweknow一orthinkweknow.An

old8illustratesthis.Amanandhissonareinan

accident.The9iskilled;theboyisrushedtothe

hospitalforemergency10.Thesurgeoncomesintothe

operatingroom,looksattheboy,and11,〃Ican，t

operate.That'smyson."Whoisthesurgeon?Theboy'smother.Many

peopleare12bythisriddlebecausetheyexpectadoctor

(especiallyasurgeon)tobea13.

Allofushavethistendencytointerpretcommunicationsin

the14ofourownideasandbeliefs.Sometimes,different

peoplemay15differentmessagesinthesamecommunication.

TaketheTV16AllintheFamily.Studentsviewerswhohad

beenidentified17highlyprejudicedsawthemain

character,abigotedwhiteman18ArchieBunker,asa

likeablegrouchwhowonmostofhis19withmembersofhis

family.Studentswhowerelowinprejudice

thought20Archielosttheseargumentsandthatthewhole

pointoftheshowwastoridiculehisprejudices.

Inshort,ourperceptionsofthesocialworldareanythingbut

accuratecopiesofwhatisgoingonoutside.Wepickandchoose,

accordingtoourexpectations,andwefitwhatweseeintoamental

imageofrealiLywhichwehavealreadyfornied.Inlargepail,whalwe

〃see〃isdeterminedbywherewestandinthesocialsystem.Aska

fourth-grader,ateacher,aprincipal,ajanitor,andaparentto

describethesameschool,andyouwillgetfivedifferentpictures.

Eachhasdifferentinformation,andeachlooksatthesame〃facts〃in

adifferentway.Askamanandwifetodescribetheirmarriage,and

youmightnotknowtheyweretalkingaboutthesamefamily.〃His〃

marriageand"her"marriagemaybequitedifferent.Whatiscommon

sensetoamanmaybenonsensetoawoman!

1.

正確答案：

horizon

［解析］空后的youreyessendanimage和空前的介詞on暗示該空丟掉的是

horizono

2.

正確答案：

brain

［解析］人的眼睛看到一個image時,這個image所轉(zhuǎn)送的無疑是大腦,即

briano

3.

正確答案：

perceive

［解析］本文講的就是perception,其動詞perceive也就自然符合該句的語境

了。

4.

正確答案：

expand

［解析］該空之后的contract暗示該空丟掉的是動詞expand。請注意：很多的

時侯兩個并列形容詞或動詞，或是“相互依托”，或是“循序漸進”。諸如

cleanandtidy,goandhavealook就是最簡單的例子。

5.

正確答案：

blue

［解析］其后的youwillpercieveitasblue分明標示該空應為blue。

6.

正確答案：

streetlight

［解析］該段講的是人對自己車顏色的辨認，所以其辨認的場地是馬路和街道。

在under一詞的暗示下，填寫streetlight也就順理成章了。

7.

正確答案：

fit

［解析］空前的weadjustourperceptionsto的目的無疑是tofitwhatwe

know...所以動詞fit是唯一的選擇。

8.

正確答案：

riddle

［解析］空前的anold和空后的illustratesthis已暗示該空應為riddle。如

果將saying填入此空，盡管語法上是正確的，但語意不通。這一點值得體味。

9.

正確答案：

father

［解析］從上下文來看，被killed的無疑是father。

10.

正確答案：

surgery

［解析］空前的tothehospitalforemergency暗示此空漏掉的是surgery,

只要讀者從上句以“無障礙意識”讀下去，這個漏掉的詞就能被讀出來。這一

點值得引起注意。

11.

正確答案：

exclaims

［解析］該空之后的“Icantoperate..."是將該空填寫exclaims的重要參

照。

12.

正確答案：

stumped

［解析］空后的bythisriddle首先暗示該空漏掉的是一個動詞的過去分詞，

而從全句語境來看，這個詞應該是stumped,意即“使難住”、“使受挫”。填

寫此空有一定的難度。

13.

正確答案：

man

［解析］將man填入此空的難度一般不很大，如果原文空前再加上good一詞，

此空所漏掉的詞就一目了然了。

14.

正確答案：

light

［解析］填寫此空的關(guān)鍵是對全句的理解，特別是空前tointerpret一詞的參

照，看出其后是inthelightof的搭配也就輕而易舉了。

15.

正確答案：

perceive

［解析］如不細看，將諸如interpret,understand,know等詞填入此空也很正

常，而能將perceive填入就需要一些語感了。

16.

正確答案：

series

［解析］填此空的重要參照是空后的節(jié)目名稱，AllintheFamily,這樣，

確定出跟隨TV之后的series也就順理成章了。

17.

正確答案:

as

［解析］tobeidentifiedas...是個習慣用法。

18.

正確答案：

named

［解析］一看空后的名子就知這里漏掉的詞是namedo

19.

正確答案：

arguments

［解析］之后的arguments明顯暗示該空應填argumentso

20.

正確答案：

that

［解析］從前面的主句和空后的分句一看就知道，這里漏掉的是that。填寫此空

靠的是語法分析能力。從該篇的完形來看，有兩點值得引起注意：一是空前、

空后的語境分析，二是語言結(jié)構(gòu)的語法分析。

RobertRosenthal

Bornin1933,RobertRosenthaldashedovertheacademichurdles

inrecordtime.HereceivedhisB.A.attwentyyearsofageandhis

Ph.D.bythetimehewastwenty-three,bothattheUniversityof

CaliforniaatLosAngeles.HethenspentbriefperiodsatUCLA,Ohio

State,andtheUniversityofNorthDakota.His

work21increasingnoticethroughouttheprofessional

world.Theideaoftheself-fulfilling22wasnotnewto

psychology.Whatwasnew,however,wasRosenthal's23to

demonstratehowoftenthisphenomenonwas24theworkof

thepsychologiststhemselves.His25werealmost

immediately26.And,asiftocreateorecontroversy

amongpsychologists,sincehisearlyworkhadnot27been

replicated,thedepartmentofsocialrelationsatHarvard

University28halfwayacrossthecountrytoNorthDakota

andofferedRosenthalaHarvard29,allbythetimehe

wastwenty-nineyearsold.30themovetotheEastand

moretimeforresearch,Rosenthalsiftedinto31gear.He

notonlyreplicatedhisoriginalfindingsbutbeganto

produce32onhisimportantconceptinawidevarietyof

areas.As33inthetext,eachtimeoneofhisstudiesis

criticized,hehasbeenableto34thecriticsnotwith

rhetoricbutratherwithmoreresearchdatato35his

position.Thecontroversyitself,ofcourse,continues.

The36ouIconichasbeentoproducemoreevidence,more

sophisticatedresearch37,andthusmorecomprehensive

informationforeducationalpsychology.In38,hehasnow

establishedtheimportanceofnonverbalchannelsasthemeaningof

communicatingexpectationstoothers.

21.

正確答案：

attracted

22.

正確答案：

prophecy

23.

正確答案：

ability

24.

正確答案：

affecting

25.

正確答案：

findings

26.

正確答案：

controversial

27.

正確答案：

then

28.

正確答案：

reached

29.

正確答案：

professorship

30.

正確答案：

With

31.

正確答案：

high

32.

正確答案：

studies

33.

正確答案：

noted

34.

正確答案：

answer

35.

正確答案：

validate

36.

正確答案：

major

37.

正確答案:

designs

38.

正確答案:

addition

TheEnormityofWickedWords

Someonestruckbyaneventwilloftensay,“Wordsfailme.〃

Shock,disbelieforangerleavesthemunabletosynchronizeheart,

brainandmouth.Afterabitofhuffingandpuffing,wordsbeginto

splutteroutagainasfastanddisorganizedaswateroverrocks,

whichisthewaymostconversationtumblesalong.Butwhathappens

whenwefailwords?Thatcanbemoreserious.

Therearewarningsignsofthisbetrayal.Oneisthegrafting

offancynewfruitontooldwordstock.NovelistKingsleyAmis

pronounced20yearsago:〃Ifthere，sonewordthatsumsupeverything

that'sgonewrongsincetheWar,it'sworkshop.，zAmis,everwaspish,

presumablywasfumingaboutthe39ofaplaceofcraft

intoasynonymforgroup40,orintoavacuousverb,as

in,“SayArthur,how'boutwedobreakfastand41that

scenario?"

Anotherindicatorofcracksinthebuildingblocks

of42iselongation,suchasthecancerousspread一its

cellsmultiplying43thansixfold-of〃war〃to/"military

intervention.Oncethe44takeshold,sensecandouble

backuponitself.In45OrwelTsNineteeneighty-Four,

suddenly"Warispeace.Freedomis46.Ignoranceis

strength.

Sometimeswefailwordsbecauseweletasense

mistintoanother.Forexample,disinterested,meaningunbiased,has

beenupbyuninterested.Apersonincourtwantsthe

judgetobeonebuttheother.Andifyourlawyeris

discomfited,hemaynotuncomfortablebut

overwhelminglydefeated,orrouted.Incase,anypraise

hemaygetfromyouwillbefulsome,not

copiousinsincere.

Where'sth