PAGEPAGE15（北京卷）2021屆高三英語下學(xué)期考前信息必刷卷4（含解析）（考試時間：90分鐘試卷滿分：100分）第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）Fourth-grader,SarahHaycox,madeithermissiontorightawrong.Andindoingso,shehasshowntheworldwhatone1person,withpassion,cando.Oneday,whenwalkingbyanathleticfieldnearherschool,SarahnoticedasmallmemorialwiththenameEdwinT.Prattandtheyear1930-1969onit.She2whohewasandwhathedid.Aftersome3,shelearnedthathewasacivilrightsleaderwhohaddonemanygoodthingsto4others.Sadly,hewas5justbecausesomeonedisagreedwithwhathewasdoing.Feelingthatthesmallmemorialwashardlybigenoughforamanwhohadsomuch6onothers,Sarah7todosomething!Therewasanew8goingupnearbyforyoungkids.ShefoundoutwhowereinchargeofthebuildingprojectandaskedthemifitcouldbenamedafterMr.Pratt.Throughgreatefforts,hervisioncametoreality!Almost50yearsafterhisdeath,EdwinPratt’slifeandimpactwillbecelebratedasthenameofthenewschool.MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas.ButSarahhadthe9tolearnmore,thevisiontoimaginesomethingbetterandthecouragetopursueheridea.Heramazingactionshave10manyotheryoungpeoplearoundtheworld.1．A．honest B．young C．clever D．shy2．A．forgot B．realized C．wondered D．explained3．A．discussion B．research C．practice D．thought4．A．teach B．rescue C．help D．repay5．A．killed B．punished C．blamed D．a(chǎn)rrested6．A．impact B．impression C．reflection D．dependence7．A．stopped B．decided C．happened D．a(chǎn)nnounced8．A．library B．theatre C．school D．hospital9．A．curiosity B．confidence C．chance D．energy10．A．a(chǎn)stonished B．inspired C．a(chǎn)ttracted D．protected【答案】BCBCAABCAB【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公Sarah通過自己的努力，讓一個已被人忘記的人權(quán)運動領(lǐng)袖，重新被人紀(jì)念的故事。1．考查形容詞詞義辨析。上文提到“四年級的SarahHaycox”，由此可知應(yīng)是年輕人。故選B項。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)第三段第一句話，她做了一些研究，最后知道了紀(jì)念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此處表示她“想知道”。故選C項。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)后面她得知的結(jié)果，說明是在“研究，調(diào)查”后得知的。故選B項。4．考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，EdwinT.Pratt是一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖。人們給他樹立了紀(jì)念碑，由此我們可知，他一定幫助過很多人。故選C項。5．考查動詞詞義辨析。劃線后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被殺害。人們對此為他立碑。故選A項。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。前文提到了作為一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，他幫助了很多人。同時Sarah覺得一個小小的紀(jì)念碑是不夠的，是因為他“影響”了很多人。故選A項。7．考查動詞詞義辨析。由下文可知Sarah為了紀(jì)念這位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，她找了一所愿意以EdwinT.Pratt命名的學(xué)校。因此可推出，此處表示Sarah決定做點什么。故選B項。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句提到的“新學(xué)?！笨芍颂幮陆ǖ氖且凰鶅和瘜W(xué)校。故選C項。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文第4題提到的“她想知道他是誰，他干了什么事”可知，Sarah擁有好奇心。故此處的curiosity和第4題的wonder構(gòu)成相互呼應(yīng)。故選A項。10．考查動詞詞義辨析。此處和文章第一段構(gòu)成首尾呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)第一段提及“她向世界展示了一個充滿激情的年輕人可以做到的事情”可知，她的行為“激勵”了世界各地其他年輕人。故選B項。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）ATome,themostbeautifulthingistheocean.Itisbeautifulbecauseithasacalmingeffect.When11

(listen)tothesoundofthewaves,Ifeelpeaceful.12

theageof10,Iwenttothebeachforthefirsttime.Withmyfeetinthewater,Ifelttotallyrelaxed,andthesoundoftheoceanreally13

(comfort)me.Fromthenon,Ioftendreamoffloatingintheocean,feelingcarefree.BDiscoveringyourselfplays14

importantroleininspiringyourconfidence.Bydoingso,youcouldknow15

youareweakin.Andyoumayalsorealizeyou’requiteagreatpersonwithgreatstrengths.Sowhenyou’reinahardsituation,youwillbelievein16

(you)andspendthemostdifficulttimewithconfidence.Otherwiseyoumaygiveupandthenloseeverything.Therefore,theability17

(trust)yourselfwilldecideyourfuturealot.CTheyear2018marksthe40thanniversaryofChina’sreformandopening-up.ThepastfourdecadeshasseenChinashiftitssocietyfromafarmers’communitytoadigitalculture18

(successful).UndertheleadershipofCPC,many19

(achievement)canbeseenineveryfield.ThelifeoftheChinesepeoplehasimproved,withmillionsofpeoplebeingliftedoutofpoverty.Thecountrynowhastheworld’s20

(large)high-speedrailnetwork.Andwitharound800millionInternetusers,Chinahasbecometheworld’sfastest-growingonlineshoppingmarket.答案和解析

[語篇解讀]A篇講了作者第一次去海邊的經(jīng)歷和作者對大海的喜愛;B篇講人們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的優(yōu)點,這樣在困難的時候就能夠有信心克服;C篇講了中國改革開放以來的一些成就。11.listening句意:當(dāng)聽到波浪的聲音時,我感到很平靜。本題考查時間狀語從句中的省略,時間狀語從句中的主語和主句主語一致且謂語是系動詞時可以將從句的主語和系動詞省略,因此本空填listening。12.At句意:十歲的時候,我第一次去海邊。本題考查介詞。attheageof“在……歲的時候”,故填A(yù)forted句意:我的腳在水里,我感到非常放松,海洋的聲音真的讓我感到安慰。本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。本語篇講的是我十歲時第一次去海邊的經(jīng)歷,因此用一般過去時,故填comforted。14.an句意:發(fā)現(xiàn)你自己對于激發(fā)你的自信發(fā)揮著重要作用。本題考查冠詞。設(shè)空處后的role在本句中表泛指,故填不定冠詞,important以元音音素開頭,所以前面冠詞應(yīng)用an。15.what句意:通過這樣做,你能知道你在什么方面比較薄弱。本題考查名詞性從句。know后為賓語從句,賓語從句中缺少賓語,故填what。16.yourself句意:所以當(dāng)你遇到困境時,你會相信你自己。本題考查反身代詞。這里指的是“相信你自己”,因此本空填yourself。17.totrust句意:因此,相信你自己的能力將會很大程度上決定你的未來。本題考查非謂語動詞。ability需用動詞不定式作后置定語,故填totrust。18.successfully本題考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾動詞shift,故應(yīng)用副詞successfully來修飾動詞。19.achievements句意:在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,各個領(lǐng)域都能看到許多成就。本題考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,從設(shè)空處前many可知,該空應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。因此填achievements。20.largest句意:現(xiàn)在這個國家有全世界最大的高速鐵路網(wǎng)。本題考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意及設(shè)空處前的the可知,用形容詞最高級,因此填largest。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AEveryonefanciesabargain;ifitisfree,everyonelovesitevenmore!ThosewhodonotbelieveinafreelunchcannoweattheirwordsbecauseitispossibletogetthingsforfreeinSingaporewithoutanyconditionsattached.Letmeintroduceyoutosometipsonwhereandhowtogainsomefreepresents,allwithouteventouchingyourwallet.FoodGosearchforfoodfestivalsandfairs.Thesefoodsellersusuallyputoutalotofsmallsamplesforalltotry.FamousonesincludetheSingaporeFoodFestivalheldannuallyinthemonthofJulyatvariouslocationsincludingtheTakashimayaSquareandPlazaSingapura.HaircutsTherearewell-knownhairsalonseverymonththatrequirehairmodelsforapprentices(學(xué)徒)toexercisetheirskillsorfortheirhairstylists(發(fā)型師)toexperimentwithnewstyles.Unbelievableasitmightsound,mostpeoplecomeoutofthisexperiencesatisfiedandaddictedtomoreofsuchdeals.FreeInternetMosthotelsofferfreewifi.TherearealsomanycafesinSingaporethatofferfreewirelesssurfing.However,orderacoffeetoavoidunfriendlystaresfromthestaff.PopularspotsincludetheMcDonald’s,StarbucksandCafeGalileeoutletsthroughoutourisland.FreeCityTourIfyouareatravelerinSingapore,theSingaporeTourismBoardhasarrangedforyoutoenjoyafreetwo-hourcitytourthatoffersyouachoicetoenjoyaSentosaIslandtourorasmall-boatexperience.LivingandtravelinginSingaporeisexpensive,butsometimesallittakesisacloserlookatallthelittleshelteredcomersofthisislandtoappreciatetheoccasionaltreasuresthataregiventothosewhoseek.21.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedpart“allwithouteventouchingyourwallet”？A.Freeofcharge. B.Freeofworry.C.Freeofpain. D.Freeoftax.22.Fromwhichwaydoesfree“Haircuts”benefithairsalons?A.Advertisingtheirproducts.B.Attractingmorecustomers.C.Developingtheirstaff’sskills.D.Buildingtheirreputation.23.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthistext?A.Health. B.Economy.C.Education. D.Travel.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了在新加坡旅游或生活可以免費得到的服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品。21.A【解析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的Letmeintroduceyoutosometipsonwhereandhowtogainsomefreepresents,allwithouteventouchingyourwallet.可知，讓我向你介紹一些關(guān)于在哪里和如何獲得免費禮物的小竅門，所有這些都是免費的。文章首段畫線部分前文getthingsforfreeinSingapore有提示，由此推知，劃線部分是“免費”的意思。故選A。22.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Therearewell-knownhairsalonseverymonththatrequirehairmodelsforapprentices(學(xué)徒)toexercisetheirskillsorfortheirhairstylists(發(fā)型師)toexperimentwithnewstyles.可知，有一些著名的發(fā)廊每個月都需要發(fā)型模特為徒弟們練習(xí)技巧，或者讓發(fā)型師嘗試新的發(fā)型。由此可知，美發(fā)沙龍的學(xué)徒和發(fā)型師都可以通過免費“理發(fā)”來提高自己的專業(yè)技能。故選C。23.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的ThosewhodonotbelieveinafreelunchcannoweattheirwordsbecauseitispossibletogetthingsforfreeinSingaporewithoutanyconditionsattached.Letmeintroduceyoutosometipsonwhereandhowtogainsomefreepresents,allwithouteventouchingyourwallet.（那些不相信免費午餐的人現(xiàn)在可以食言了，因為在新加坡可以不附加任何條件免費得到東西。讓我來給你介紹一些在哪里以及如何獲得免費禮物的小技巧，所有這些甚至都不用動你的錢包）可知，全文主要講在新加坡旅游時可享受的免費服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品，本文應(yīng)屬于旅游范疇。故選D。BIstoodoutsidemyfrontdoorcatchingmybreath.AfteralazyChristmasholiday,Ihadtorecoverfromclimbingstairswithcarry-onbagsandasuitcase.Ilookedupandblinked.Redtapecrossedthedoor.Ididn’tunderstandHungarian,buttheoneEnglishwordsaidenough:“POLICE”.GoogleTranslatetoldmeIwouldbearrestedifIentered,soIdidn’t.Finally,Icalledmyrentalagent.Hewenttothepolicestationformoredetails.Myagentreturnedwithauthorizationtoenter.Notonlyweremyfilesundisturbed,butsoweretheTVandprinter.Theburglarshadtakenafewitemsfromthetopdraweraswellasasmallamountofforeigncurrencyinthebottomdrawer.Somehowtheyhadn’tfoundthejewelryboxinthethirddrawer.Iwasinshock.Myagent’swordswerefuzzy,somethingaboutfixingthelockstomorrowandmakingalistforthepolice.Thenoneday,IrememberedthatI’dleftanotherjewelryboxintheflat.MyheartsankasIthoughtofanotherlocketthathadbeeninthatbox,agoldengravedonewithapictureofmylatehoneyGrandmainside.WhenIrealizedtheboxwasmissing,thewholeexperienceseemedtocrashdownonme.Icried.AttheendofJanuary,Ireceivedaregisteredletterfromthepolice.Theburglarhadn’tbeenfound,andthecasewasclosed.Isleptwithmypursebymybed.IhidmylaptopwhenIshowered.Andthenanotherchallengerose.Iwasunexpectedlylaidoff.ThenoneJulynight,Ireachedintomythirddrawer,pulledoutmyjeanshorts,andheardasmallthud.Ilookeddownandblinked:ItwasthetinyjewelryboxIthoughthadbeenstolensixmonthsearlier.InsidewasthelocketwithhoneyGrandmasmilingatme,beingthereforme,tellingmenottogiveup.Istartedtocry.24.Whatdidtheredtapeacrossthewriter’sdoormean?A.Therewasaburglaryhere. B.Thehousecouldn’tbeenteredfreely.C.Therenthadtobepaidquickly. D.Therentalagentadvertisedforthehouse.25.Whatdidtheagentpromisetodo?A.Tofixthelocksthenextday. B.Toreporttheburglarytothepolice.C.Tohaveanironsecuritygatefixed. D.Topayformissingthingsforthewriter.26.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.RedTape B.AJewelryBox C.“Lost”Smile D.Grandma’sAdvice【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文，講述了作者在一次失竊中，原以為自己的珍貴物品——奶奶的照片被偷了而心情沮喪，后來又偶然找到了?？吹侥棠淘趯ψ约何⑿?，作者無比高興。文章表達(dá)了對奶奶照片的珍惜之情。24.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Redtapecrossedthedoor.Ididn’tunderstandHungarian,buttheoneEnglishwordsaidenough:“POLICE”（紅色膠帶貼在門上，雖然作者不懂西班牙語，但是根據(jù)上面的英語單詞“POLICE”）可知，作者知道這是警局；又根據(jù)第二段GoogleTranslatetoldmeIwouldbearrestedifIentered,soIdidn’t看出，作者覺得如果進(jìn)去了會被抓，所以沒有隨便進(jìn)去。故選B項。25.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Myagent’swordswerefuzzy，somethingaboutfixingthelockstomorrowandmakingalistforthepolice可知經(jīng)紀(jì)人跟作者說的話含含糊糊，說什么明天會修好鎖，會列出失竊物品的清單給警察。故選A項26.C【解析】主旨大意題。故事圍繞奶奶的照片是否被盜與作者的心情變化展開，先是以為奶奶的照片被偷了，永遠(yuǎn)失去了；六個月后又找到了，可以看出作者對奶奶的照片的珍惜之情。故選C項。CDoyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket，thinkingitisvibrating（振動），onlytofindthatitisn?t？Thisphenomenon，whichscientistscall"phantom（幻覺的）phonevibration"，isverycommon.Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill.So，whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior？AccordingtotheBBC，theexplanationliesinyourbrain?sabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld.Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket，therearetwopossiblestates：itiseithervibratingornot.Meanwhile，youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind：thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating，orthatitisn?t.Ideally，youmatchthefourstatescorrectly.However，sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheresultsofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana"falsealarm".Therefore，youbecomemoresensitive（敏感的）tovibrationssothatyoudon?tmissanything.Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhomeitcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke.Butthat?sasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalertyou.Now，youmightstillask：whycan?tourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals？Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday."Yougetalargeamountofsensory(感覺的)informationthat?scomingfromyoureyes，earsandskin，andyoucan?tdealwithallthatinformationallthetime，"MichaelRothberg，aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield，US，toldLiveScience.Forexample，therustling（沙沙聲）ofclothingorthegrowling（咕咕聲）ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone-itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom.So，perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkit?svibrating.It?snottoomuchtroubletodothat，isit？27.Accordingtothispassage，phantomphonevibration______.A.iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblemsB.canmeasurepeople?sabilitytocollectinformationC.happenswhenourbrainsreactsensitivelytofalsesignalsD.helpsourbrainstomakeveryquickandaccuratedecisions28.Whyisthefirealarmusedasanexampleinthispassage？A.Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration.B.Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter.C.Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout.D.Toconvinceusit?simportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm.29.AccordingtoMichaelRothberg，whichismainlyresponsibleforphantomphonevibration？A.Anoisybackground. B.Alackofmuchattention.C.Aheavyburdeneveryday. D.Anoverflowofsensoryinformation.30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration？A.Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseoflistening.B.Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswheneverwethinkthey?revibrating.C.Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill.D.Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。文章介紹了人們產(chǎn)生手機振動的幻覺的原因，并給出了解決辦法。27.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的However，sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheresultsofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana“falsealarm".Therefore，youbecomemoresensitive（敏感的）tovibrationssothatyoudon’tmissanything.（然而，有時你的大腦會認(rèn)為錯過一個電話的后果比“誤報”更嚴(yán)重。所以，你對振動變得更加敏感，因此你不會錯過任何事情）可知，當(dāng)我們的大腦對錯誤的信號做出敏感的反應(yīng)時，電話振動幻覺就會發(fā)生。故C選項正確。28.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome（這就像你家的火災(zāi)報警器一樣），this指的電話振動幻覺，由此可推知，這個例子是為幫助我們更好地了解手機振動幻覺的原因。故B選項正確。29.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday."Yougetalargeamountofsensory(感覺的)informationthat’scomingfromyoureyes，earsandskin，andyoucan’tdealwithallthatinformationallthetime，"（答案是你的大腦每天都承受著沉重的負(fù)擔(dān)?！澳愕难劬?、耳朵和皮膚會產(chǎn)生大量的感覺信息，你不可能一直處理所有這些信息?！保┛芍?，每天腦袋接受信息和處理信息的負(fù)荷很重，這是產(chǎn)生手機振動幻覺的主要原因。此題易誤選C，C表達(dá)的是生活壓力大。故D選項正確。30.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的So，perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkit'svibrating.（所以，當(dāng)你認(rèn)為手機在振動的時候也許你應(yīng)該檢查你的手機），可知，當(dāng)我們感覺手機在振動時，我們應(yīng)該檢查我們的手機。故B選項正確。DSYDNEY—Australianscientistshavedesignedasystemwhichusesmicrowavestobreakdownplasticintoanenvironmentallyfriendlyby-product.HeadofElectricalEngineeringatAustralia’sJamesCookUniversity,Prof.MohanJacobrevealedonThursdaythatbyusingmicrowaves,plasticwastecanbeconvertedintobiochar(生物炭),charcoalthatcanbeusedasasoilconditioner.“Wearedevelopingaprocessingroom,whichcouldprocessmanykindsofplasticmaterials,upto5kilogramsofwaste,”Jacobsaid.“Itwillbeatypicalexamplesystemforthedevelopmentofbiocharsfromdifferenttypesofplasticsundervariousconditions.”Jacobexplainedthatmicrowaveenergyisusedtoheattheplasticwasteabove600degreescentigradewithinthecustom-maderoom,whereitendsupasabiochar,whichcanthenbeusedtoimprovethepropertiesofsoil.Currentlyunderwayissteponeoftheproject,testingtheroom,afterwhich,steptwowillinvolveimprovingtheenergyefficiencyofthesystemandmaximizingtheyieldofby-products.Ifallgoestoplan,stepthreewillbetoconstructamediumscalewasteprocessingsystemwhichiscustomizableandcanbeinstalledremotely.Jacobsaidthatwiththeaveragepersonusing130kgofplasticeveryyear,thereisanurgentneedfordevelopingbetterwaysofprocessingit.“Perhapscontrarytopopularopinion,plasticisanindispensablematerialinmodernlife.Itischeap,competent,lightweight,andhasmanybenefitslikemaintainingfoodqualityandsafetyandpreventingwaste,”hesaid.However,“abandonedplasticsendangerourmarinewildlife,andhavebeguntoenterthefoodchain.Thereisanurgentneedfordevelopingtechnologiestorecoverplasticwaste.”31.Howdoesthesystemfunction?A.Microwavesareusedtoproduceplastic.B.Plasticwasteisheatedinthemicrowaves.C.Plasticwasteiscutintopiecesandburiedintothesoil.D.Microwaveschangeplasticwasteintobiocharbyheating.32.WhichstatementistrueaccordingtoJacob?A.Plasticconsumptionnowisacceptable.B.Plasticshouldbeabandonedinourlife.C.Thesystemofprocessingplastichascomeintouse.D.Findingbetterwaystodealwithplasticwasteisurgent.33.Whatdoes“recover”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Makeupforalossintime.B.Findorregainlostpossession.C.Extractorrecycleanenergysourceforreuse.D.Returntoanormalstateofhealth,mindorstrength.34.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellabout?A.3stepsofprocessingplasticwaste.B.Awayofproducingplasticproductseasily.C.Anewsystemofbreakingdownplasticwaste.D.Aprogramdesignedforplasticuseinthedailylife.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講的是澳大利亞的科學(xué)家通過微波將塑料變成可利用的產(chǎn)品，從而減少環(huán)境污染。31.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“byusingmicrowaves,plasticwastecanbeconvertedintobiochar”可知，通過使用微波，塑料垃圾可以被轉(zhuǎn)化為生物炭。選項AC在文中沒有提到，選項B雖然提到了微波，但heated加熱在文中也沒提到。故選D。32.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“abandonedplasticsendangerourmarinewildlife,andhavebeguntoenterthefoodchain.Thereisanurgentneedfordevelopingtechnologiestorecoverplasticwaste.”可知，廢棄塑料破壞了海洋生物并進(jìn)入到了食物鏈。發(fā)展可以處理塑料垃圾技術(shù)的需求變得急迫。故選D。33.C【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)前文可知，科學(xué)家通過微波提取了塑料的副產(chǎn)品，使塑料得到了再利用。A.及時彌補損失；B.找到或重新得到失去的東西；C.提取或再利用一種能源；D.將健康、思想和身體返回到正常水平。故選C。34.C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“asystemwhichusesmicrowavestobreakdownplastic”可知，文中介紹了一種使用微波降解塑料的系統(tǒng)。在其后幾段中，分別介紹了該系統(tǒng)的進(jìn)展、實驗步驟以及科學(xué)家對塑料回收的態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WeallwishforthearrivalofSunday.35Thehardworkofabusyweekissoothed(撫慰)byagoodsleepthatlasts,inmostcases,tilltheSundayafternoon.Butafterthat,toomuchsleepcanmaketherestofthedaygenerallyendinlazingaroundthesofa,withoutdoinganything.Therefore,toreallyrelaxonaSunday,theanswerdoesn’tlieinsleep,butindoingthingsthatprovidesasoothingtouch.MostoftenwegetsolostinworkthatwhenSundaycomes,wereallydon’tknowwhattodowiththefreetwenty-fourhourswe’vegot.36Luckily,therearemanythingsyoucandotoenjoyyourSunday.37Anearlymorningjogwouldrestoreyourtirednesscausedbythedailyschedule.Afterthemorningwalk,you’llhavemoreenergytofacethedayheadon.Youmusthaveboughtalotofbooksonyourlastvisittothebookstore,butlackoftimemusthavepreventedyoufromreading.SpendtheSundayafternoonreadinganybookthatInterestsyou.38Withlifebeingfilledwithtoomuchwork,findingfreetimeduringtheworkingdaysissurelyastruggle.39Insuchacase,Sundayisthebestdaytopullupyoursleeves,andgettoworkonthehouse.Cleanthehouse,washtheclothesormendanythingthatisbroken.Inshort,makingthehousecleanandtidyisagoodideaofspendingSundays.A.AllthehopeofjoysandenjoymentrestsonSunday.B.Bythetimewedecidetodoanything,thedaygetsover.C.Considerusingthisdaytotakecareofyourplantsandflowers.D.Ontheotherhand,it’snaturalthatyourhousegetsdustyandmessy.E.Itisonthisdaythateveryonecansafelyhopetorelaxandsimplydoastheyplease.F.Inthisway,you’llnotonlyhavespentaconstructivetime,butalsoexerciseyourbrain.G.IfyouwanttoenjoySunday,thenyoudbetterwakeupearlyandgoforawalkorajog.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。人們都盼望著周末的到來，但是又不知道如何過得充實。文章敘述的是如何過好周末。35.E下文Thehardworkofabusyweekissoothed(撫慰)byagoodsleepthatlasts,inmostcases,tilltheSundayafternoon.說明一周的辛苦工作后，一個好的睡眠可以讓你得到舒緩，在大多數(shù)情況下，這種舒緩可以持續(xù)到周日下午。因此推斷在這一天，每個人都可以放心地放松，做自己喜歡做的事情，故選E項。36.B根據(jù)前面的句子MostoftenwegetsolostinworkthatwhenSundaycomes,wereallydon'tknowwhattodowiththefreetwenty-fourhourswe'vegot.（大多數(shù)時候，我們迷失在工作之中，以至于當(dāng)星期天到來的時候，我們真的不知道如何利用我們所擁有的）因此推斷當(dāng)我們決定做任何事情的時候，一天就結(jié)束了。由此邏輯可判斷選B項。37.G根據(jù)后面的句子?Anearlymorningjogwouldrestoreyourtirednesscausedbythedailyschedule.（一個早起的慢跑將修復(fù)你一周的疲倦）因此可推斷，如果你想享受星期天，那么你最好早起去散步或慢跑。清晨慢跑可以恢復(fù)你因每日計劃而產(chǎn)生的疲勞。早晨散步之后，你會有更多的精力去面對新的一天。由此邏輯可判斷選G項。38.F根據(jù)前面一個句子,SpendtheSundayafternoonreadinganybookthatinterestsyou.（周日的下午最好用來讀你喜歡的書）因此可知書是可以益智的，你上次去書店時一定買了很多書，但時間不夠，一定妨礙了你讀書。星期天下午讀任何你感興趣的書。這樣，你不僅花了有建設(shè)性的時間，而且鍛煉了你的大腦。由此邏輯可判斷選F項。39.D根據(jù)后面的句子gettoworkonthehouse.Cleanthehouse,washtheclothesormendanythingthatisbroken.得知平時工作很忙，等到周末時可以在家里搞衛(wèi)生，洗衣等，那就是說平時家里是較亂的，因此推斷生活充滿了太多的工作，在工作日很難找到空閑時間。另一方面，你的房子變得又臟又亂是很自然的。在這種情況下，星期天是挽起袖子開始干家務(wù)的最好日子。由此邏輯可判斷選D項。第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）Acaloriedeficit(赤字，不足)isastateinwhichyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume.Asoneofthemostpopularapproachesoflosingweight,howdoesitwork?Forexample,ifyouburn2,500caloriesperdaybutonlyeat2,000，youhavecreatedadeficitof500caloriesperday.Thereismathematicalcertainty.But,thisbynomeanstellsthewholestoryabouthowcaloriesdeficitaffectsourlives.Beforewonderingwhatacaloriedeficitis,it’sprobablybesttolearnwhatacalorieis.Acalorieisaunitthatweusetotrackourbody’senergyexpenditure(消耗)andstorage.Inordertojuststayalive,humanbeings(andanimals)burncalories.Thismeans,evenbeforeweperformanyactivity,ourbodiesarealreadyusingenergy(measuredincalories)tokeepusalive.Around70%ofthecaloriesweconsumearespentonjustkeepingourvitalorgansrunning.Thus,ifapersonconsumescaloriesfarmorelessthanneededtolookthin，itmayhavenegativeeffectsonthebody.Whenpeoplepickupacaloriedeficit,theyoftenmerelynotethatthecaloriemathisirrefutable(無可辯駁的).Thequestionhereisthatnotallcaloriesarethesame.Ifyoueatafewbagsofpotatochipworthofcaloriestosupportthecalorieintakeneededtomaintainorcutdownonyourweight,itwillwork.But,thisdoesn’thavethesameeffectonyourbodyandoverallhealthasabalancednutritionalmealcontainingthesameamountofcalories.Itseemslikeasimpleunitofenergyhasbecomeanobjectofoursociety’sobsession.Itneedn'tbethatway.Remember,caloriedeficitsarejustatool,whichservesapurposeinlosingsomeweightandkeepingtrackofyourcalorieintakeseemssimpleenough.40．Whatdoweknowaboutthecaloriedeficit?41．Whycannotapersonconsumescaloriesfarmorelessthanneededtolookthin？