2026年托福英語閱讀與寫作高分突破試題閱讀部分說明：本部分共3篇文章，每篇文章后有若干選擇題，每題2分，總分40分。Passage1(TechnologyandUrbanPlanning)Focus:EnvironmentalsustainabilityinurbandevelopmentinAsia-PacificregionsInrecentdecades,rapidurbanizationhasposedsignificantchallengestoenvironmentalsustainabilityintheAsia-Pacificregion.CitieslikeTokyo,Singapore,andJakartahavewitnessedexponentialgrowth,straininginfrastructureanddegradingairquality.Toaddresstheseissues,plannershaveincreasinglyadoptedgreenbuildingtechnologiesandsmartcityinitiatives.Forinstance,Tokyo’s"TokyoSmartCity"projectintegratesrenewableenergysourcesandefficientwastemanagementsystems,reducingcarbonemissionsby20%intargeteddistricts.Similarly,Singaporehasimplementedverticalgardensonskyscraperstoimproveairqualityandthermalcomfort.However,criticsarguethatsuchmeasuresarecostlyandmaynotbescalableforsmallercitiesintheregion.A2023reportbytheAsianDevelopmentBankhighlightsthatwhile70%ofurbanresidentsindevelopingcountriesbenefitfromgreeninfrastructure,only30%seetangibleimprovementsintheirdailylives.Thisdisparityunderscorestheneedformoreinclusivepoliciesthatprioritizeaffordabilityandlocalneeds.Questions(5x2=10分):1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryconcernaboutsmartcityinitiativesinAsia-Pacificcities?A.HighcostsandlimitedscalabilityB.InadequaterenewableenergyintegrationC.InsufficientpublicparticipationD.Lackoftechnologicalinnovation2.Whichcityismentionedasaleaderinverticalgardening?A.TokyoB.JakartaC.SeoulD.Manila3.WhatdoestheADBreportsuggestabouttheimpactofgreeninfrastructure?A.Itbenefitsmosturbanresidents.B.Itprimarilyimprovesairquality.C.Ithasunevendistributionacrosscities.D.Itismoreeffectiveindevelopednations.4.Whatistheauthor’smainargumentregardingurbanplanningintheAsia-Pacificregion?A.Greentechnologiesalonecansolveurbansustainabilityissues.B.Citiesshouldfocusoneconomicgrowthoverenvironmentalconcerns.C.Sustainabledevelopmentrequiresbalancedpolicies.D.Urbanizationisirreversibleandshouldbeembracedwithoutrestrictions.5.Theword"disparity"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.AgreementB.DifferenceC.ImprovementD.ExpansionPassage2(RenewableEnergyPoliciesinEurope)Focus:GovernmentincentivesandchallengesinwindenergyadoptioninNorthernEuropeNorthernEuropehasemergedasagloballeaderinwindenergyadoption,drivenbystringentenvironmentalpoliciesandfinancialincentives.CountrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavesetambitioustargetstoreducecarbonemissionsby2050,withwindpoweraccountingfor50%oftheirenergymix.Denmark,inparticular,hasachieved50%renewableenergypenetration,largelyduetoitssubsidyprogramsandoffshorewindfarminvestments.However,challengespersist.Theconstructionofwindturbinesdisruptslocalecosystems,leadingtoprotestsinregionsliketheNetherlandsandNorway.Additionally,fluctuatingenergypricesandrelianceonweatherconditionscomplicatelong-termplanning.A2024EuropeanUnionstudyrevealsthatwhilewindenergyreducesrelianceonfossilfuels,italsocreatesjobdisplacementintraditionalenergysectors.Policymakersmustbalanceeconomicandenvironmentaltrade-offstoensuresustainablegrowth.Questions(5x2=10分):1.WhatisthemaingoalofDenmark’srenewableenergypolicy?A.Tomaximizewindenergyproduction.B.Toreducecarbonemissions.C.Toattractinternationalinvestors.D.Tophaseoutfossilfuelsby2030.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantchallengetowindenergyadoptioninNorthernEurope?A.HighinstallationcostsB.EnvironmentaldisruptionsC.LimitedgovernmentsupportD.Technologicalinefficiency3.Theword"ambitious"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.DifficultB.ExpensiveC.InnovativeD.Gradual4.WhatdoestheEUstudysuggestaboutwindenergy?A.Itismorecost-effectivethanfossilfuels.B.Itcreatesmorejobopportunities.C.Ithasmixedeconomicandsocialimpacts.D.Itisonlyviableincoastalregions.5.WhichcountryisNOTmentionedasaleaderinwindenergy?A.DenmarkB.GermanyC.SpainD.NorwayPassage3(CulturalPreservationinLatinAmerica)Focus:TraditionalcraftsandtourisminPeruandMexicoLatinAmericaisrichinculturalheritage,withtraditionalcraftsplayingavitalroleinpreservingindigenoustraditions.InPeru,theAndeanregionproducestextileslikealpacawoolsweaters,whicharerenownedfortheirintricatepatternsanddurability.Similarly,Mexico’sOaxacastateisfamousforitshandcraftedpottery,oftendecoratedwithvibrantdesignsinspiredbypre-Columbianart.However,theriseofmasstourismthreatenstheseindustries.Touristsincreasinglypreferfactory-madesouvenirsoverauthentic,handcrafteditems,leadingtoadeclineindemandfortraditionalartisans.A2025reportbyUNESCOhighlightsthatonly30%ofindigenouscraftproducersinPeruandMexicoearnalivingwage,despitetheirculturalsignificance.Tomitigatethis,governmentsandNGOsarepromotingethicaltourismpractices,suchasfair-tradeworkshopsandculturalimmersionprograms.Theseinitiativesaimtosustainbotheconomicandculturalvitality.Questions(5x2=10分):1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Tocriticizemasstourism.B.Tohighlighttheeconomicimportanceoftraditionalcrafts.C.Toproposesolutionsforculturalpreservation.D.TocomparePeruandMexico’scraftindustries.2.WhichmaterialismentionedasakeyproductinPeru?A.CottonB.AlpacawoolC.SilverD.Coffee3.WhatisamajorchallengetotraditionalcraftproducersinLatinAmerica?A.HighproductioncostsB.LimitedgovernmentsupportC.DecliningtouristdemandD.Lackofskilledartisans4.Theword"vibrant"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.BrightB.ExpensiveC.RareD.Old5.UNESCO’sreportsuggeststhat:A.TraditionalcraftsarethrivinginLatinAmerica.B.Indigenousartisansearnwellfromtourism.C.Only30%ofcraftproducersareeconomicallyviable.D.Pre-Columbiandesignsareoutdated.ReadingTotalScore:30分寫作部分Task1(IntegratedWriting)(2分)Focus:EvaluatinganargumentinenvironmentalpolicyReadingPassage:Astudysuggeststhatbanningsingle-useplasticsinurbanareaswouldsignificantlyreducepollutionbutcouldharmsmallbusinessesduetoincreasedcostsforalternativepackaging.Criticsarguethatgovernmentsshouldinsteadinvestinrecyclinginfrastructuretoaddresstheissue.ListeningPassage:Aprofessorcountersthatrecyclingaloneisinsufficientbecausemostplasticwasteendsupinlandfills.Sheproposesaphasedbanonplastics,coupledwithsubsidiesforbusinessestoadoptreusablematerials.WritingPrompt:Writearesponseinwhichyouevaluatetheprofessor’sargument.Inyourresponse,includethemainpointsfromthereadingpassageandexplainhowtheyrelatetotheprofessor’sproposal.SampleAnswer:Theprofessor’sargumentthataphasedplasticban,supportedbysubsidiesforreusablematerials,ismoreeffectivethanrecyclingalonehasmerit.However,itoverlookstheeconomicchallengesmentionedinthereadingpassage.Whilerecyclinginfrastructureiscrucial,asthereadingstates,itcannoteliminateplasticwasteentirelysincemuchofitisnotproperlyrecycled.Theprofessor’ssolutionaddressesthisbyincentivizingbusinessestoshifttosustainablealternatives,whichcouldmitigatecosts.Yet,thereadingwarnsthatacompletebanmightforcesmallbusinessestoraiseprices,potentiallyharminglow-incomeconsumers.Abalancedapproach,combiningbothmeasures,wouldbeideal.Task2(IndependentWriting)(2分)Focus:EducationandtechnologyWritingPrompt:Somepeoplebelievethatschoolsshouldfocusmoreonteachingpracticalskillslikecodingandfinancialliteracyinsteadoftraditionalsubjectslikehistoryandliterature.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.SampleAnswer:Whilepracticalskillslikecodingandfinancialliteracyareincreasinglyimportant,schoolsshouldnotentirelyreplacetraditionalsubjects.Historyandliteratureprovidecriticalthinkingandculturalunderstanding,whichareequallyvital.Forinstance,studyinghistoryhelpsstudentslearnfrompastmistakes,whileliteratu