2026年研究生入學(xué)考試英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)題庫Part1:MultipleChoiceQuestions(每題2分，共10題)Instructions:Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedonthepassageprovided.Passage1(TechnologyandUrbanPlanninginChina)UrbanizationinChinahasbeenrapidoverthepastthreedecades,withmillionsmovingfromruralareastocitieslikeShanghaiandBeijing.Thegovernmenthasfocusedonsmartcityinitiatives,integratingartificialintelligence,bigdata,andIoT(InternetofThings)technologiestoimproveinfrastructureandservices.However,challengesremain,suchastrafficcongestion,housingshortages,andenvironmentaldegradation.Criticsarguethatwithoutproperplanning,thesecitiesmaybecomeunlivable.TheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmenthasproposednewpoliciestopromotesustainablegrowth,includinggreenbuildingstandardsandrenewableenergyadoption.Despitetheseefforts,thequestionofwhetherChinacanbalancedevelopmentwithqualityofliferemainsunresolved.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryfocusofChina'ssmartcityinitiatives?A.Reducingrural-to-urbanmigrationB.IntegratingAIandIoTtechnologiesC.IncreasinghousingsupplyD.Focusingonenvironmentalprotection(Answer:B)2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomechallengesofrapidurbanizationinChina?A.EconomicstagnationandjoblossesB.Trafficcongestion,housingshortages,andenvironmentaldegradationC.PoliticalinstabilityandsocialunrestD.Highratesofunemploymentandpoverty(Answer:B)3.WhatnewpolicieshastheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentproposed?A.TaxincentivesforbusinessesB.GreenbuildingstandardsandrenewableenergyadoptionC.IncreasedfundingforruralschoolsD.Restrictionsonforeigninvestment(Answer:B)4.WhatisthemainunresolvedquestionregardingChina'surbanization?A.WhethercitiescangrowwithoutexpandinginfrastructureB.WhetherChinacanbalancedevelopmentwithqualityoflifeC.WhetherAIwillreplacehumanworkersD.WhetherforeigncompaniescanoperateinChinesecities(Answer:B)5.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutChina'sapproachtourbanplanning?A.ItissolelyfocusedoneconomicgrowthB.ItbalancestechnologicaladvancementwithsustainabilityC.ItprioritizesenvironmentalprotectionoverdevelopmentD.Itisineffectiveandlackscoordination(Answer:B)Passage2(EnvironmentalPoliciesintheEuropeanUnion)TheEuropeanUnionhasbeenaleaderinenvironmentalpolicy,aimingtoachievecarbonneutralityby2050.TheEU'sGreenDeal,announcedin2019,outlinesambitiousgoals,includingreducinggreenhousegasemissionsby55%by2030comparedto1990levels.Keymeasuresincludephasingoutcoalpowerplants,promotingrenewableenergy,andimplementingcarbonpricingmechanisms.However,criticsarguethatthesepoliciesmayharmindustrieslikesteelandautomotivemanufacturing,leadingtojoblosses.TheEUhasalsofacedchallengesincoordinatingpoliciesacrossmemberstates,withsomecountriesresistingstricterregulations.Despitetheseobstacles,theEUremainscommittedtoitsenvironmentalgoals,workingcloselywithinternationalorganizationsliketheUnitedNationstoaddressclimatechange.Questions:6.WhatistheprimarygoaloftheEU'sGreenDeal?A.ToincreaseeconomicgrowththroughderegulationB.Toachievecarbonneutralityby2050C.ToreduceunemploymentinmanufacturingsectorsD.TopromotetradewithAsiancountries(Answer:B)7.WhataresomekeymeasuresoutlinedintheGreenDeal?A.IncreasingfossilfuelusageandreducingtaxesB.PhasingoutcoalpowerplantsandpromotingrenewableenergyC.ExpandingnuclearenergyandbuildingmorehighwaysD.Encouragingdeforestationtocreatemorefarmland(Answer:B)8.WhatisamajorcriticismoftheEU'senvironmentalpolicies?A.TheyaretoolenientonpollutersB.TheymayharmindustrieslikesteelandautomotivemanufacturingC.TheyfocustoomuchonruralareasinsteadofcitiesD.Theylacksupportfromthegeneralpublic(Answer:B)9.WhatchallengeshastheEUfacedinimplementingitsenvironmentalpolicies?A.LackoffundingandtechnicalexpertiseB.ResistancefrommemberstatesandindustriesC.OverrelianceonrenewableenergysourcesD.Insufficientpublicawarenessandengagement(Answer:B)10.HowdoestheEUplantoaddressclimatechange?A.ByworkingalonewithoutinternationalcooperationB.BycollaboratingwithorganizationsliketheUNC.ByimposingstrictpenaltiesonallcountriesD.ByfocusingonlyonEuropeanindustries(Answer:B)Part2:True/False/NotGivenQuestions(每題2分，共5題)Instructions:ReadthepassagecarefullyanddecidewhethereachstatementisTrue(T),False(F),orNotGiven(NG).Passage3(AgriculturalInnovationinIndia)Indiahasmadesignificantstridesinagriculturalinnovationoverthepastfewdecades,particularlyinthedevelopmentofhigh-yieldvarietiesofcropslikericeandwheat.TheGreenRevolution,whichbeganinthe1960s,transformedthecountry'sfoodsecuritylandscape.Today,Indiaisoneoftheworld'slargestproducersofmilk,fruits,andvegetables.However,challengesremain,suchaswaterscarcity,soildegradation,andtheneedforsustainablefarmingpractices.TheIndiangovernmenthaslaunchedinitiativeslikethePradhanMantriKisanSammanNidhi(PM-KISAN)tosupportfarmers,providingfinancialassistancetosmalllandholders.Despitetheseefforts,thecountrystillfacesissueslikefoodwasteandinadequatestoragefacilities.Questions:11.Indiahasnotmadeanyprogressinagriculturalinnovationsincethe1960s.(Answer:F)12.TheGreenRevolutionwasprimarilyfocusedonincreasingtheproductionofriceandwheat.(Answer:T)13.Indiaisoneoftheworld'stopproducersofmilk,fruits,andvegetables.(Answer:T)14.TheIndiangovernmenthasnoinitiativestosupportfarmers.(Answer:F)15.FoodwasteandinadequatestoragefacilitiesarenotproblemsinIndia.(Answer:NG)Part3:FillintheBlanks(每題2分，共5題)Instructions:Readthepassageandfillineachblankwithonewordfromtheboxbelow.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.|Box:|technology|challenges|urbanization|policies|infrastructure|growth|sustainability|energy|cities|development|||--|--|-|-||--||--|--||Passage4(SustainableTourisminSoutheastAsia)SoutheastAsiaisaregionrichinculturalandnaturalheritage,attractingmillionsoftouristsannually.However,_________hasledtoovercrowdinginpopulardestinationslikeBaliandAngkorWat.Toaddresstheseissues,governmentsintheregionhaveimplementedvarious_________,suchaspromotingeco-tourismandlimitingvisitornumbers.Theuseof_________intourismmanagementhasalsoincreased,withappsprovidingreal-timeinformationoncrowdlevelsandresourceavailability.Whiletheseeffortshaveimprovedvisitorexperiences,criticsarguethatmorecomprehensive_________areneededtoensurelong-term_________.Additionally,theshifttoward_________sourcesfortourism-relatedactivities,suchassolar-poweredaccommodations,isgainingtraction.Withoutpropermanagement,_________inpopular_________mayleadtoirreversibledamagetotheenvironmentandculturalsites.Questions:16.blank1:__________________(Answer:urbanization)17.blank2:__________________(Answer:policies)18.blank3:__________________(Answer:technology)19.blank4:__________________(Answer:sustainability)20.blank5:__________________(Answer:energy)Part4:SummaryCompletion(每題2分，共5題)Instructions:CompletethesummarybelowusingNOmorethanTWOwordsfromeachline.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Passage5(HealthcareintheUnitedStates)TheU.S.healthcaresystemiscomplex,withamixofprivateandpublicinsuranceproviders.TheAffordableCareAct(ACA)wasimplementedtoexpandcoverage,butissueslikehighpremiumsandlimitedprovidernetworksremain.Technologyhasplayedasignificantrole,withtelemedicinebecomingincreasinglypopularduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.However,disparitiesinaccesstocarepersist,particularlyinruralareas.Thegovernmenthasproposedreformstolowercostsandimproveefficiency,includingnegotiatingdrugpricesandincentivizingpreventivecare.Despitetheseefforts,thesystemfacesongoingchallengesinbalancingquality,accessibility,andaffordability.Summary:TheU.S.healthcaresystemis__________and__________.TheACA__________coveragebut__________premiumsandprovidernetworks.__________hasincreasedaccess,especiallyinruralareas.Thegovernmentis__________tolowercostsandimprove__________.Questions:21.blank1:__________________(Answer:complex)22.blank2:__________________(Answer:mixed)23.blank3:__________________(Answer:expanded)24.blank4:__________________(Answer:high)25.blank5:__________________(Answer:technology)26.blank6:__________________(Answer:proposing)27.blank7:__________________(Answer:efficiency)AnswersandExplanationsPart1:MultipleChoiceQuestions1.BExplanation:Thepassageexplicitlymentionssmartcityinitiatives,integratingAIandIoTtechnologies.2.BExplanation:Challengesliketrafficcongestion,housingshortages,andenvironmentaldegradationarelistedinthepassage.3.BExplanation:TheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentisdescribedasproposinggreenbuildingstandardsandrenewableenergyadoption.4.BExplanation:ThemainunresolvedquestioniswhetherChinacanbalancedevelopmentwithqualityoflife,asstatedinthepassage.5.BExplanation:Thepassagesuggestsabalancedapproach,integratingtechnologywithsustainability.6.BExplanation:TheGreenDeal'sprimarygoalistoachievecarbonneutralityby2050,asstatedinthepassage.7.BExplanation:Keymeasuresincludephasingoutcoalp