外研版小學(xué)英語六年級上冊知識點歸納總結(jié)同學(xué)們，六年級上冊的英語學(xué)習(xí)是小學(xué)階段知識的深化與拓展，為初中學(xué)習(xí)打下堅實基礎(chǔ)。這份歸納總結(jié)旨在幫助大家系統(tǒng)梳理本學(xué)期所學(xué)重點，查漏補缺，鞏固提升。請大家結(jié)合課本和課堂筆記，認真理解并靈活運用。一、語音知識本冊教材繼續(xù)鞏固已學(xué)的字母發(fā)音規(guī)則，并引入了一些常見的字母組合發(fā)音。1.字母組合發(fā)音：關(guān)注如"ea","ee","ir","ur","or","al","ow","oa","oo"等在單詞中的常見發(fā)音。例如，"ea"在"tea"中發(fā)長音/i:/，在"bread"中發(fā)/e/；"ow"在"window"中發(fā)/??/，在"brown"中發(fā)/a?/。2.重音：初步感知多音節(jié)單詞的重音位置，這對正確朗讀和理解單詞含義有幫助。二、核心詞匯詞匯是語言的基石。請務(wù)必熟練掌握以下各類核心詞匯，并能靈活運用。1.名詞(Nouns)：*人物與職業(yè)：如artist,scientist,pilot,worker,doctor,teacher,driver,farmer,policeman,fireman,nurse,cook,friend,neighbour等。注意部分職業(yè)名詞的性別差異及復(fù)數(shù)形式。*地點與場所：如hospital,school,park,supermarket,bookstore,cinema,museum,library,bank,restaurant,shop,home,house,room,street,city,country,world等。*物品與食物：如newspaper,magazine,dictionary,postcard,stamp,map,book,pen,pencil,bag,ruler,food,fruit,vegetable,meat,drink,rice,noodles,bread,milk,juice,water等。*抽象概念：如hobby,dream,future,time,day,week,month,year,season,weather,sport,game,music,art,science,PE,English,Chinese,Maths等。*自然與環(huán)境：如sun,moon,star,sky,cloud,wind,rain,snow,ice,river,lake,sea,mountain,tree,flower,grass,animal,plant等。2.動詞(Verbs)：*情態(tài)動詞：如can,can't,will,won't,would,should,shouldn't,may,might。重點掌握can(能力、許可),will(將來),should(應(yīng)該)的用法。*助動詞：do,does,did,have,has(用于完成時，但六年級上冊主要是初步感知)。3.形容詞與副詞(Adjectives&Adverbs)：*形容詞：如big,small,tall,short,long,young,old,new,old,good,bad,nice,fine,happy,sad,angry,hungry,thirsty,tired,full,hot,cold,warm,cool,rainy,sunny,cloudy,windy,snowy,clever,foolish,strong,weak,fast,slow,high,low,beautiful,ugly,expensive,cheap,many,much,some,any,few,little,all,both,every,each,same,different等。注意形容詞的比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成及用法(本冊重點學(xué)習(xí)部分單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞的規(guī)則變化)。*副詞：如fast,slowly,quickly,high,low,well,badly,very,too,so,quite,really,often,usually,sometimes,never,always,now,then,here,there,today,tomorrow,yesterday,early,late,hard等。了解副詞如何修飾動詞或形容詞。4.介詞(Prepositions)：in,on,at,under,behind,beside,near,nextto,infrontof,between,from,to,for,with,about,by,of,off,up,down,along,through等。理解并能運用這些介詞表示時間、地點、方位、方式等。5.代詞(Pronouns)：*人稱代詞：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)，賓格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)。*物主代詞：形容詞性(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)，名詞性(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)。*指示代詞：this,that,these,those。*不定代詞：some,any,one,ones,many,much,alotof,lotsof。6.數(shù)詞(Numerals)：*基數(shù)詞：復(fù)習(xí)1-100的基數(shù)詞，重點掌握幾十幾的表達。*序數(shù)詞：掌握1-31的序數(shù)詞及其縮寫形式，了解其用于表示日期、順序等。7.疑問詞(QuestionWords)：what,who,whom,whose,which,when,where,why,how,howmany,howmuch,howold,howlong,howoften,howfar。理解其含義并能用于提出相應(yīng)問題。三、基本句型與表達熟練掌握以下基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠進行簡單的口頭和書面交流。1.陳述句(Statements)*肯定句：主語+動詞原形/動詞第三人稱單數(shù)+其他。(e.g.,Ilikeapples.Heplaysfootballeveryday.)*否定句：主語+don't/doesn't+動詞原形+其他。(e.g.,Idon'tlikepears.Shedoesn'tgotoschoolonSundays.)（be動詞、情態(tài)動詞的否定直接在其后加not）2.疑問句(Questions)*一般疑問句：Do/Does+主語+動詞原形+其他?(e.g.,DoyoulikeEnglish?DoesheliveinBeijing?)（be動詞、情態(tài)動詞提前）*選擇疑問句：一般疑問句+or+選擇部分?(e.g.,Doyouliketeaorcoffee?Ishetallorshort?)*反意疑問句：簡單句,+be/助/情態(tài)動詞+主語（代詞）?(前肯后否，前否后肯)(e.g.,Heisastudent,isn'the?Youdon'tlikeit,doyou?)（本冊對反意疑問句要求不高，了解基本形式即可）3.祈使句(ImperativeSentences)：用于表達命令、請求、建議等。*肯定：動詞原形+其他.(e.g.,Openthedoor,please.Standup.)*否定：Don't+動詞原形+其他.(e.g.,Don'ttalkinclass.Don'tbelate.)4.感嘆句(ExclamatorySentences)：用于表達強烈的情感。*What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞(+主語+謂語)!(e.g.,Whatabeautifulflower!Whatfineweather!)*How+形容詞/副詞(+主語+謂語)!(e.g.,HowhappyIam!Howfastheruns!)四、語法要點本冊語法知識在之前的基礎(chǔ)上有所擴展和加深，需要重點理解和運用。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(SimplePresentTense)*用法：表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)；表示客觀事實或真理。*構(gòu)成：*主語是第一、二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時，動詞用原形。*主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞需加-s或-es(注意不規(guī)則變化，如have-has,go-goes,do-does)。*標志詞：often,usually,sometimes,always,never,everyday/week/month/year,onSundays等。*否定句和疑問句：借助助動詞do/does。2.一般過去時(SimplePastTense)*用法：表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。*構(gòu)成：動詞用其過去式形式。*規(guī)則動詞：在詞尾加-ed(注意發(fā)音和拼寫變化，如worked,played,liked,stopped,studied)。*不規(guī)則動詞：需熟記其過去式(如go-went,eat-ate,see-saw,do-did,make-made,have-had,is/am-was,are-were)。*標志詞：yesterday,lastnight/week/month/year,...ago,justnow,in+過去年份等。*否定句和疑問句：借助助動詞did(did后動詞用原形)。3.一般將來時(SimpleFutureTense)-begoingto結(jié)構(gòu)*用法：表示計劃、打算要做某事；表示根據(jù)跡象推測將要發(fā)生某事。*構(gòu)成：主語+be(am/is/are)goingto+動詞原形+其他。*否定句：在be動詞后加not。*疑問句：將be動詞提到主語前。*標志詞：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,thisafternoon/evening等。4.情態(tài)動詞can,can't,will,would,should*can/can't：表示“能/會”、“可以/不可以”、“可能/不可能”。后接動詞原形。*will/won't：表示“將要”、“愿意”。用于一般將來時，后接動詞原形。*would：will的過去式，可用于表示過去的將來，或委婉請求(Wouldyoulike...?)。*should/shouldn't：表示“應(yīng)該/不應(yīng)該”，后接動詞原形，用于提出建議或勸告。5.名詞*復(fù)數(shù)：規(guī)則變化(加-s,-es)和不規(guī)則變化(如child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice,sheep-sheep,fish-fish)。*所有格：表示所屬關(guān)系。單數(shù)名詞后加's(Tom'sbook)；以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加'(theteachers'office)；不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加's(children'stoys)。6.代詞：重點掌握人稱代詞的主格、賓格形式；形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的區(qū)別和用法。7.介詞：熟練掌握常用介詞的基本用法，特別是表示時間、地點、方位的介詞(in,on,at,under,behind,beside,between,from,to,with等)。*用法：用于兩者之間的比較。*構(gòu)成：*單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞：*一般在詞尾加-er(tall-taller,fast-faster)。*以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞加-r(nice-nicer,large-larger)。*以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i加-er(happy-happier,easy-easier)。*重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫末尾輔音字母加-er(big-bigger,hot-hotter,thin-thinner,fat-fatter)。*部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞：在詞前加more(morebeautiful,moreinteresting)。*常用句型：A+be+形容詞比較級+than+B.(e.g.,TomistallerthanMike.Thisbookismo