1、高級口譯筆記飲食文化（Catering Culture） VOCABLULARY烹調(diào)術(shù) cookery色、香、味 color, aroma and taste佐料 seasoning刀功 slicing technique清炒 plain-frying煸 stir-frying爆 quick-frying炸 deep-frying煎 pan-frying焙 roasting清蒸 steaming氽 quick-boiling熏 smoking腌 salting食譜 recipe回鍋肉 twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce炸豬排 fried pork c

2、hop 北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck什錦炒蔬 stir-fried mixed vegetables酸辣湯 hot and sour soup雞茸蘑菇湯 cream of mushroom with chicken 主食 staple food饅頭 steamed bread米飯 steamed rice揚州炒飯 Yangchow fried rice冷面 cold noodle炒米粉 fried ground rice noodles炸醬面 noodles with fried brown sauce paste油條 fried twisted stick鍋貼 pan-fr

3、ied dumping花卷 steamed twisted roll小籠包子 steamed meat dumpling粽子 rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves 黑啤 dark beer黃酒/花雕酒 yellow rice wine烈酒 spitits/ strong liquor白干 white liquor佐餐酒 table wine（酒）加冰塊的 on the rocks（酒）不加冰塊的 straight up小啜 sip礦泉水 mineral water紅茶 black tea清咖啡 black coffee全脂/脫脂奶 whole/skim mi

4、lk酸奶 yoghurt粟子 chestnut馬蹄梨 water chestnut蓮子 lotus seed藕 lotus root獼猴桃 kiwi fruit山楂 haw棗 Chinese date餐前開胃點心 appretizer主菜 main course附菜 side dish餐后甜食 dessert什錦色拉 mixed fruit salad with ham什錦水果圣代 mixed fruit sundae民族風(fēng)味餐 ethnic food小吃 snack冷盤 cold dish點心 pastry餐桌圓轉(zhuǎn)盤 Lazy Susan PRACTICETranslate the foll

5、owing passage into English評判中餐烹調(diào)的優(yōu)劣可依據(jù)中餐的三大要素，即“色、香、味”?！吧弊鳛椤吧⑾?、味”三要素中的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，充分體現(xiàn)在宴會菜肴的裝盤、擺放和圖案上。最能顯示色彩的是首先上桌的好道煞費苦心而精心制作的冷盤。“香”不僅是指鼻子對食物的直接感受，它還包括所選原料的新鮮成度以及佐料的合理搭配?！拔丁眲t體現(xiàn)了恰到好處的調(diào)味藝術(shù)，當(dāng)然它也包括食物的質(zhì)地，以及切菜的刀功。色、香、味這三大要素的高品質(zhì)，只有通過選料、調(diào)料、適時烹調(diào)、把握火候、裝盤上桌這些微妙步驟的細(xì)心協(xié)調(diào)，才能取得。一、形似意合的諺語 1. A new broom sweeps clean.新官上

6、任三把火。2. All roads lead to Rome./ All rivers run into the sea.殊途同歸。3. As a man sows, so he shall reap.種瓜得瓜，和豆得豆。4. A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。5. A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影兒斜。6. A word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，駟馬難追。7. Beat the dog before

7、 the lion.殺雞儆猴。8 Better an open enemy than a false friend.明槍易躲，暗箭難防。9. Diamond cut diamond.強中更有強中手。10. Do one thing under cover of another.明修棧道，暗度陳倉。11. Dogs bite in every country.天下烏鴉一般黑。12. Every potter praises his pot.王婆賣瓜，自賣自夸。13. Fine feathers make fine birds.佛要金裝，人要衣裝。14. Gifts blind the eyes.

8、拿了手短，吃了嘴軟。15. Good wine needs no bush.酒香不怕巷子深。16. Have a card up ones sleeve.胸有成竹。17. He cries wine and sells vinegar.掛羊頭，賣狗肉。18. He takes a spear to kill a fly.殺雞用牛刀。19. In for a penny, in for a pound.一不做，二不休。20. It is better to be the head of a dog/lizard than the tail of a lion.寧為雞首，不為牛后。21. It i

9、s better to die than to live when life is a disgrace./ Better die with honor than live with shame.寧可玉碎，不為瓦全。22. Judge not a book by its cover.人不可貌相，海不可斗量。23. Kill two birds with one stone.一箭雙雕。/一石二鳥。24. Let sleeping dogs lie.勿打草驚蛇。25. Love me, love my dog.愛屋及屋。26. Much will have more.得隴望蜀。/得寸進尺。27.

10、Once bit, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩。28. Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.口蜜腹劍。29. Put the cart before the horse.本未倒置。30. Speak of the devil( and he will appear).說曹操，曹操到。31. Teach fish to swim.班門弄斧。32. The pupil outdoes the master.青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán)。33. The same knife cuts bread and fingers.水能載舟，亦能覆舟。34.

11、The sauce is better than the fish.喧賓奪主。35. There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何處無芳草。36. There is no smoke without fire.無風(fēng)不起浪。一、“形同意合”的諺語A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長一智。All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill.有情人終成成眷屬。A man should not bite the hand that feeds him.不要恩將仇報。Beauty is i

12、n the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。Business is business.公事公辦。Facts speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。Fish in troubled waters. 渾水摸魚。Friends must part.聚散離合總有時。/天下無不散之宴席。Great minds think alike.英雄所見略同。Health is better than wealth.家有萬貫財，不如一身健。Hedges have eyes, walls

13、have ears.隔籬有眼，隔墻有耳。In time of peace prepare for war.居安當(dāng)思危。Like father, like son.有其父，必有其子。Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Misfortunes never come alone.禍不單行。Money cant buy time.寸金難買寸光陰。More haste, less speed.欲速則不達(dá)。Out of office, out of danger.無官一身輕。Out of sight, out of mind./Far from eye, far fr

14、om heart.眼不見為凈。Pride goes before a fall.驕者必敗。The style is the man.文如其人。Time and tide wait for no man.時不我待。/歲月無情。The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘后事之師。/前車之覆，后車之鑒。To teach is to learn.教學(xué)相長。The tongue cuts the throat.禍從口出。/言多必失。 三、形異意合的諺語，這類諺語常常會被望“形”生“意”，造成誤譯。 1. A bad cons

15、cience is a snake in ones heart.做賊心虛。2. Accidents will happen.天有不測風(fēng)云，人有旦夕禍福。3. A clear conscience is a sure card.為人不做虧心事，半夜不怕鬼敲門。4. A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交淡如水。5. All your swans are geese.事與愿違。6. As you make the bed, so you must lie in it.自食其果。7. A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了熱豆腐

16、。8. Count ones chickens before they are hatched.盲目樂觀。9. Danger is next neighbor to security.塞翁失馬，安知非福？10. Do in Rome as Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。11. Dont trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.順其自然。12. Everybodys business is nobodys business.三個和尚無水吃。13. Justice has long arms.天網(wǎng)恢恢，疏而不漏。14. He knows most wh

17、o speaks least./Still water runs deep.大智若愚。15. Late fruit keeps well.大器晚成。16. Many kiss the baby by the name of the nurses sake.醉翁之意不在酒。17. Misfortune might be a blessing in disguises.禍兮福所倚，福兮禍所伏。18. Names are debts.樹大招風(fēng)。19. Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。20. Rest breeds rust.生命在于運動。21. Rome was not built in a day.冰凍三尺非一日之寒。22. Save your breath to cool your porridge.各人自掃門前雪，莫管他人瓦上霜。23. Short pleasure, long lament.一失足成千古恨。24. Stick together through thick and thin.患難與共。25. T