1、定語從句解析與突破,高考語法復(fù)習(xí),填適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞.,1.Thestudents_arevisitingthenaturalmuseumareveryinterestedinthedinosaurs.2.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_arewomen.3.Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowsintothesea.4.Thebooks_Iborrowedfromthelibrarywasnewlypublished.5.Thelibrary_studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastn

2、ight.6.Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.why7.Canyoutellmethereason_youarelateforschool.,who,whom,whose,whichthat,which,when,why,考點(diǎn)一關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞的理解和選擇,高考考點(diǎn)歸納,指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that所屬關(guān)系whose，ofwhich指地點(diǎn)where指時(shí)間when指原因why一.在從句開頭引導(dǎo)定語從句。二.替代先行詞。且先行詞絕不可省，引導(dǎo)詞有時(shí)可?。ㄈ缫龑?dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)）三.在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分。,關(guān)系代詞

3、,關(guān)系副詞的三種功能,Thisisthefactory_Ionceworked.Thisisthefactory_Ivevisited.Theday_IalwaysrememberisOct.1Theday_NanjingwasliberatedisSep.11.Thereason_hehasntcomeisthathehasbeenill.Dontbelievethereason_hegaveyou.,1試比較,where,That/which,That/which,when,why,That/which,當(dāng)表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因的名詞，如day,time,placefactory,reason

4、等作先行詞，在定語從句中作狀語時(shí)，用where,when和why引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作主語或賓語時(shí)，用that或which.,2.Doyouknowthestudentwho/thatleftamomentago?Doyouknowthestudentaboutwhomhestalking?Hestheman(that/which/whom)youcandependon.Doyouknowthestudentwhosefatherisanengineer?Thetrainthat/whichhasjustleftisforHongKong.,關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾人并在從句中作主語時(shí)用wh

5、o/that,在從句中作賓語時(shí)用who,whom,that或省略關(guān)系詞，但在介詞后只能用whom引導(dǎo)從句并修飾物時(shí)用which或that;在從句中作定語指人或物表“的”時(shí)用whose.,3.Thisistheverymagazine(that)Iamafter.Youcantakeanybookyoulike.,That和which在引導(dǎo)定語從句指物時(shí)，如果先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級例時(shí)，或先行詞本身是不定代詞，如all,everything,nothing,none等時(shí)，或先行詞被theonly,thevery,justthe,any等修飾時(shí)不用which用that,1.Somepre-

6、schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,_theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.(07全國)A.whileB.thereC.thenD.where2.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_welearnedfarming2yearsago.（07福建）A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where3.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?（07浙江）A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where,鞏固練習(xí),4.Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofis

7、underrepair.（07福建）A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that5.Werejusttryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山東）A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which6.Iwalkedinourgarden,_TomandJimaretryingabigsignontooneofthetrees.（05遼寧）A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that,考點(diǎn)二定語從句與別的從句或強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別定語從句與非謂語動(dòng)詞的重疊考查,定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)別兩者非常相似，判

8、斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的方法是采用刪除法,E.g.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。例1-Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarm_weworked.A.thatB.thereC.WhichD.Where(注:與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)合.ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher),2定語從句或別的從句的區(qū)別,定語從句與地點(diǎn)狀語從句的區(qū)別：看有無表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞，有則是定語從句。Eg.Youshouldleavethetoywhereyoucanfind.(地點(diǎn)狀語

9、)Istillrememberthebusstopwhere/atwhichImetyou.（定語從句）,定語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別：看從句的連接詞是否在從句中做成分，做成分的是定語從句。Eg.Heissuchakindpersonaseverybodylikes.(定語從句)Heissuchakindpersonthateverybodylikeshim.(結(jié)果狀語從句),定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別：看連接詞是否在從句中做成分，做成分的是定語從句，不做成分而只是表示前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容的是同位語從句。Eg.Thenewsthathehadbeenbacksurprisedusall.(同位語

10、從句)Hehadtosettletheproblemwhichtheyleft.(定語從句),例2_aterriblestormwouldtakeplaceinHainan.A.WordscamewhichB.WordcamethatC.WordthatcameD.Wordscamethat（同位語從句的分割現(xiàn)象。that后引導(dǎo)的從句與word的同位語）,3非謂語動(dòng)詞在定語從句中的應(yīng)用。ThereisnothingmoreIcantry_youtosay,soIwishyougoodluck.A.beingpersuadedB.persuadingC.tobepersuadedD.topers

11、uade（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.(上海2001春)Itwasforthisreason_herunclemovedoutofnewYorkandsettleddowninthesmallvillage.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.how2.(2002上海)Thereisfeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what,考點(diǎn)三介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)介詞或關(guān)系代詞的選擇,1.引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，能用于介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的代詞只有which和whom。選擇的依據(jù)如下：,介詞與定語從句的先

12、行詞或動(dòng)詞，形容詞是習(xí)慣性搭配。Eg.ThefarmonwhichIonceworkedhastakenonanewlookWhoisthemanwithwhomourteacherisshakinghands?Oursisabeautifulcountry,ofwhichwearegreatlyproud.表示“所有格”或“整體與部分關(guān)系”時(shí)，用介詞ofEg.Thereareover3.000workers,eightypercentofwhomarewomen.,2.當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞可以提前放在which或when前，也可放于原來的位置，但在含有動(dòng)詞固定詞組中，介詞只

13、能放于原來的位置。Eg.Thisistheroomwhich/thatLuxunusedtolivein.=ThisistheroominwhichLuxunusedtolive.Themanwho/whom/thatItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.但Thisisthepersonwho/whom/thatyouarelookingfor.這一句中for不可提前，因?yàn)閘ookfor是短語動(dòng)詞。,例1（07遼寧）Er

14、icreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.（06浙江）Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which2.(05山東)Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.after

15、whichD.fromthis,考點(diǎn)四:as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別as和which都可指代主句中的一部分或整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語,一般情況下互換.Eg:Thiselephantislikeasnake,as/whichanybodycansee.(賓語)Helefther,as/whichwasstrange.(主語)Hislessonsareinteresting,as/whichindeedtheyare.(表語),注意下列情況下只能用as放在句首時(shí)只能用as表示“正如，正像”之意時(shí)，只能用asHeagreedtotheplan,ascouldbeexpe

16、cted.比較下面兩句子：Hegotmarriedagain,asweexpected.(預(yù)料之中)Hegotmarriedagain,whichwedidnotexpect.(預(yù)料之外)as可用于類似插入語的句式中,which不能eg:asissaidabove,asisknowntoall,asitis等,例1(06天津)TheBeatles,_manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as例2.(07湖南)Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneother

17、thanhimselforherself,_canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that例3.(07上海)Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it例4.(04北京)_isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What,考點(diǎn)五:關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)謂語中數(shù)的判

18、斷Who,which,that的數(shù)應(yīng)以先行詞的數(shù)而定，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致。Italkedwiththeboywhoswimsfastestinyourschool.AlltheboyswhoarenowswimmingintheriverarefromWuhan.HeisoneoftheteacherswhoknowEnglishwell.HeisonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsEnglishwell.例1.(02上海春)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyearsA.

19、isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen,考點(diǎn)六：幾種較為復(fù)雜的定語從句1.way后面的定語從句Pleasetellmetheway(that/inwhich)youdidthejob.thesame.as/that.與Such.as/that.ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.(同類異物)ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.(同物)HeissuchafunnysortofpersonasIdontunderstandatall.(as引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作成分)Heissuchafunnysortofperson

20、thatIdontunderstandhimatall.(that引導(dǎo)狀語從句，且不在從句中作成分)例1（04湖北）Whatsurprisedmemostwasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich,（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.Myhometownisnotthesame_itusedtobe.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which2.Wewillgiveyousuchdata_willhelpyouinyourwork.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which3.Heansweredw

21、iththesamesimplicity_heasked.A.likeB.asC.whichD.unlike,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一：1.不能透徹地理解“關(guān)系詞”具有的三種功能。在從句開頭引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句；指代或替代“先行詞”且先行詞不能省略，引導(dǎo)詞有時(shí)可省；在定語從句中作適當(dāng)成分2.不注意介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)介詞的習(xí)慣搭配。介詞與定語從句的先行詞是習(xí)慣性搭配介詞與定語從句的動(dòng)詞是習(xí)慣性搭配介詞與定語從句的形容詞是習(xí)慣性搭配表示“所有格”或“整體與部分”關(guān)系時(shí)用介詞of,高考考試技巧及應(yīng)對策略,1.Putthebook_itshouldbewhenyouhavefinishedreadingit.A

22、.whereB.inwhichC.attheplaceD.theplacewhere2.Icanneverforgettheday_weworkedtogetherandtheday_wespenttogether.A.when,whichB.which,whenC.what,whatD.onwhich,when3.Thetrain_sheistravelingisarriving.A.bywhichB.inwhichC.thatD.which,（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.Themachinesweusetodayaremuchbetterthan_weusedtenyearsago.A.thoseB

23、.onesC.whichD.them2.Wouldyoupleaseputthebook_itbelongs?A.towhomB.towhichC.tothatD.where,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二：不能區(qū)別定語從句與別的從句或結(jié)構(gòu)，極易弄混定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，定語從句與狀語從句的表語從句之間的區(qū)別。例1Keepawayfromsuchthings_willdoyouharm.A.asB.thatC.towhichD.which（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.Heissuchafunnysortofperson_Idontunderstandatall.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.as2.Thetempera

24、turecanfallto-30._is30belowfreezingpoint.A.WhichB.ItC.ThatD.This,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)三:不注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號及句子的結(jié)構(gòu)1.一般情況下兩句話間以逗號連接,則兩句話間應(yīng)是一種邏輯上的主從關(guān)系(特殊情況除外);另外that不能引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句例1.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_personallyIdoubtverymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which例2._isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year

25、stime.A.ThatB.ThisC.AsD.It,2.不注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)例3.ThelargestcollectioneverfoundinEnglandwasoneofabout200,000silverpennies,_over600yearsold.A.allofthemB.allofwhichC.allofitD.noneofwhich例4.All_isneededisasupplyofoil.A.不填B.thatC.whatD.which（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.Inourschoolthereare2000students,abouttwofifthsof_aregirls.A.who

26、mB.whoC.whichD.them2.LastnightIsawtheman_yousaidwasaway.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.as,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)四:不能準(zhǔn)確斷句例1.Therich,for_moneywasnotaproblem,wantedtostayatanexpensivehotel.A.theirB.hisC.whoseD.whom例2.Icanstillrememberthesitting-room,_mybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.where（即時(shí)鞏固練習(xí)）1.Nextwinter,

27、_youwillspendinHarbin,Imsure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.where2.MadamCurie,for_lifehadoncebeenveryhard,wassuccessfullater.A.whomB.whichC.whoseD.that,Nowletsdoit!,熱身過關(guān),1.(08山東高三聯(lián)考)Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it2.(08南京八校聯(lián)考)Hewa

28、ssopleasedwithallwehaddoneforhimhewroteusalettertopraiseusforit.A.what,whatB.what,thatC.that,whatD.that,that3.(08黃岡高三聯(lián)考)Disney,moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewfilmcompany.A.forwhoseB.forwhomC.forwhichD.towhich,B,D,B,4.(08黃岡高三聯(lián)考)TomorrowwouldbeChristmasDay,andshehadonly$1.87.A.withwhichtobuyapresentt

29、oJimB.bywhichtobuyJimapresentC.WithwhichshecouldbuyapresentforJimD.inwhichtobuyJimapresent5.(08黃岡高三聯(lián)考)TheprojectWangLinslifeisoneofthemanygovernmentprogrammsimprovingthesituationforthepoorestpeopleinChina.A.thathassaved,aimingatB.whichhassaved,aimedatC.whichhadsaved,aimedatD.thatsaved,aimingat6.(08湖

30、北高三聯(lián)考)Itriedtogetoutofthebusiness,Ifoundimpossible.A.whenB.whatC.thatD.which,C,B,D,7.(08海定區(qū)期中)Earlyinthe1990snoonehadanyideathatJ.KRowlinghadcomeupwiththestoryofHarryPotter,laterbecameabestseller.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which8.(08東城目標(biāo)檢測)-Didyourememberthedaysweworkedonthefarm?-Certainly.Especiallythehard

31、timeswespenttogether.A.which,whenB.when,whichC.when,whenD.which,which9.(08西城抽樣測試)Theprojectturnedouttobeverygood,wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.this,D,B,C,10.(08成都畢業(yè)檢測)TherearemanythingsindifferentareaswecandotoreducethepossibledangersofAIDS.A.whereB.thereC.whatD.that11.(08南通九校聯(lián)考)Mr.W

32、hitewillcometothepartyonSunday,hepromisedtoeveryoneofus.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.which12.(08黃岡高三檢測)Beijingwasattackedbysuchaterriblesandstormfewresidentshadeverexperiencedbefore.A.anditwasB.asC.whichD.that,D,D,B,13.(08南京高三調(diào)研)Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnewbornbabiesinthatarea,weresurprising.A.asr

33、esultsB.whichresultsC.theresultsofitD.theresultsofwhich14.(08西安質(zhì)量檢測)Thepeople,hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A.allwhosehomesB.alltheirhomesC.alloftheirhomesD.allofwhosehomes15.(08石家莊畢業(yè)復(fù)習(xí))ThatunforgettableballwasthelasthappymomentIenjoyedmyself.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where,D,D,A,1.

34、Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.(全國卷)A.itB.whatC.whichD.that2.Illgiveyoumyfriendhomeaddress,_Icanbereachedmostevenings.(北京卷28)A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where3.Thegrowingspeedofaplanisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,_arebeyondourcontrol.(湖南卷31)A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.

35、mostofwhatD.mostofthat,沖刺08真題,4.Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,_NewYorkisanexample.(四川卷4)A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich5.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,_weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(陜西卷13)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich6.Yesterdayshesoldher

36、car,_sheboughtamonthago.(浙江卷8)A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which考點(diǎn):考查非限制性定語從句,7.AnimalssufferedatthehandsofMan_theyweredestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturallandtoprovidefoodformorepeople.(江西卷34)A.inwhichB.forwhichC.sothatD.inthat8.Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders_consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw.(江西卷35)A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which考點(diǎn):考查從句的用法,9.Iusedtolovethatfilm_Iwasachild,butIdontfeelitthatwayanymore.(遼寧卷32)A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although考點(diǎn):考查時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞用法10.Nancy