1、2010高考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句講解,師生互動(dòng) 自主發(fā)現(xiàn) 體驗(yàn)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)之樂(lè)趣 賓語(yǔ)從句的教學(xué)案例,Noun Clause: Functions as a NOUN in a sentence.,Question: What is the function of a noun in a sentence? 名詞在句中可以充當(dāng)什么成分?,Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences: 1.The world loves nature. 2.Knowledge is power . 3.We Chinese are peace-

2、loving.,subject,object,predicative,subject,subject,apposition,predicative,什么叫名詞性從句？,在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句 (Noun Clauses） 名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等 因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,名詞性從句 noun clause,主語(yǔ)從句 subject clause,賓語(yǔ)從句 object clause,表語(yǔ)從句 predicative clause,同位語(yǔ)從句 appositive

3、 clause,What kind of clauses are they?,1. What the driver of the yellow car did made me extremely angry. 2.Why she did this is still unknown. 3.Its hard to forget what we have learned in his classes. 4.Please dont tell my mother when Ill give her my gift.,名詞性從句中的連接詞有: 連詞: that( 不能?。? whether / as if

4、(though); 連接代詞: what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever， 連接副詞: where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。,（1） 名詞性從句構(gòu)成有3種,b. if/whether + 陳述句 No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.,c. 疑問(wèn)詞+句子的剩余成分 This is what we are looking for.,That + 陳述句

5、That light travels in straight lines is known to all.,賓語(yǔ)從句：1.從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分（ 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞do和介詞后） 連詞：that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us . 3) I am afraid that he didnt

6、 call me . 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job . 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.,2. 賓語(yǔ)從句,1.必須由 a conjunction（連詞） (that, whether, or if, what) 來(lái)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句. 2.從句必須為連詞加陳述句的語(yǔ)序. 3.從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須和主句保持一致。,考點(diǎn)：,He asked,Why are you so happy ?,Why you were

7、 so happy ?,Am I taller than you?,if/whether,He asked,He taller than them.,was,1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. He asks me. Are they playing a game? 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4.Who bought the pen? He wondered. ,Tom said that he was reading a book.,He asks me if/whether they are play

8、ing a game.,He told me Where the Hospital was.,He wondered who bought the pen.,1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟or not時(shí),不用if. eg: I dont know whether I will stay or not. b.介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. c.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)，只能用whether Eg. Whether he comes or not makes no d

9、ifference. d. Whether可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，if不可以 e. Whether可以與不定式連用,2.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.,whether/if,whether,whether,用if 或whether 填空,2).that在賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略與保留 a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語(yǔ))+賓補(bǔ)+tha

10、t 從句(真正賓語(yǔ)) 的句型中不省略. eg: We must make it clear that we mean what we say. b.由連詞and連接的兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo) 的賓語(yǔ)從句中,第二個(gè)that 不省略. eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.,3.think, believe ,suppose, expect等當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是，如果從句表達(dá)的意思是否定的，要把not提前到主句中來(lái)。,Eg. I dont think you are right. I dont suppose he

11、cares, does he?,根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，完成句子。,1.He says_ _.(他說(shuō)他爸爸三天后回來(lái)) 2.Our teacher asks _ _.(昨天誰(shuí)打碎了玻璃) 3.Please tell me_ _.(他們正在談?wù)撌裁?,that his father will be back,in three days,who broke the,window yesterday,what they are,talking about,高考考點(diǎn)：,連接詞選擇的三個(gè)步驟： 1）由空前詞判定從句類型； 2）找出從句所缺成分； 3) 結(jié)合每個(gè)連詞本身功能最后確定選擇對(duì)象。,二，主語(yǔ)從句,充當(dāng)復(fù)合

12、句的主語(yǔ)，常置于be動(dòng)詞或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞前。 eg. What you need is more practice. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 Its not your fault that this has happened.,三，表語(yǔ)從句,充當(dāng)復(fù)合句的表語(yǔ)，常置于be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞seem, feel, look等后 Eg. Thats what we should do. Reason后的表語(yǔ)從句只

13、能用that引導(dǎo)，但reason后的定語(yǔ)從句可以用why/that引導(dǎo)，because只能用于it做主語(yǔ)。 Eg. The reason was that the heavy rain prevented him from coming. The reason why we didnt trust him is that he has often lied. It is because he has often lied， so that we didnt trust him.,四，同位語(yǔ)從句,1.同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句比較近似，但只能跟在idea, fact, news, hope, beli

14、ef, doubt, thought等名詞后。 eg, We are surprised at the fact that the children did it on their own. 3. I doubt if Theres no doubt that Eg. I doubt if he will comes on time. There is no doubt that he will come on time.,2.同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： that作為關(guān)系代詞, 可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 充當(dāng)句子成分, 在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略; that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 起連詞的作用, 沒(méi)有實(shí)

15、際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分, 一般不能省略。 試比較下面兩個(gè)例句: 1）The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is very good. （that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 作賓語(yǔ), 可以省略） 2）The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.（that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句）,Difficulties,1.that/what That在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)從句任何成分，但在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。 what在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。 Eg, T

16、hat he came late made the teacher energy. What he said was true. The book（ that ）he gave me is red.,2.whether/if 1)Whether可置于句首，if不能 Eg. Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 2）whether可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句 Eg. The question is whether it is worth trying. 3) Whether可做介詞賓語(yǔ) Eg. I havent settled the quest

17、ion of whether Ill lend him the money 4）whether后可以接不定式 Eg. I didnt know whether to get married or to wait. 5) Whether 與or not連用 Eg. Whether it rains or not , I dont care.,3.Who/whoever/no matter who,Who引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句含有疑問(wèn)意義 Whoever不含有疑問(wèn)意義=anyone who No matter who只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 Eg. Whoever broke the window shou

18、ld be punished. Whoever/no matter who broke the window, he should be punished. Who broke the window is still a question.,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what Bwhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.They received orders _ the work be done at once Awhich Bwhen C Dthat 4.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I c