1、The Differences between the Restrictive and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause,1,學習交流PPT,區(qū)別一：形式上不同 限定性定語從句主句和從句之間不用逗號隔開，口語中使用時也不停頓；而非限定性定語從句與主句之間通常有逗號隔開，口語中使用時有停頓。,2,學習交流PPT,區(qū)別二：功能不同（最重要的區(qū)別） 限定性定語從句用于對先行詞的意義進行限制和識別，如果去掉，就會造成句意不完整或概念不清； 而非限定性定語從句用于對先行詞起補充說明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。 People who take physical

2、exercise live longer. 進行體育鍛煉的人活得長些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整),3,學習交流PPT,Discuss the difference,His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man. 區(qū)別：A句：他的哥哥是個解放軍戰(zhàn)

3、士，現(xiàn)今十八歲。(說明他只有一個哥哥) B句：他那個十八歲的哥哥是位解放軍。(說明他還有別的哥哥),4,學習交流PPT,All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. 那里所有的書都是他寫的, 書里附有漂亮的插圖。(說明那里沒有除他以外的人寫的書) All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 那里所有附插圖的書都是他寫的。(暗示沒有附插圖的書不是他寫的),5,學習交流P

4、PT,區(qū)別三：翻譯不同 在翻譯定語從句時，一般把限定性定語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前，而把非限定性定語從句與主句分開。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的那個人。 Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。,6,學習交流PPT,區(qū)別五：先行詞不同 限定性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞， 而非限定性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子；如： I know nothing that happened last night. 昨天晚上所發(fā)生的事

5、情，我一點也不知道。(修飾前面的nothing) He has made great progress, which made us happy. 他進步了，這使我們大家都很高興。(說明前面句子的整個內(nèi)容),7,學習交流PPT,另外，當先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨一無二性的普通名詞時，通常要用非限制性定語從句，而不用限制性定語從句。,8,學習交流PPT,區(qū)別六：關(guān)系詞不同 關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞有時可以省略(如引導詞作賓語，the way做先行詞)，而在非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略。,9,學習交流PPT,

6、1.(限) Here are the farmers who discovered the underground city last month. 2.(非) Hangzhou is a famous city, where many people come to buy tea./ Hangzhou,where many people come to buy tea, is a famous city. 3.(限) I dont know the reason why she got angry. 4.(限) The old man to whom you are talking saw

7、some Germans 5.(限) The woman remembered the day when she saw,10,學習交流PPT,6.(非) St.Petersburg is a very beautiful city, which was once called Leninggrad. 7.(限) I remember the soldier who told me 8.(非) The soldier moved , where they wanted to hide them. 9.(非) Xian is one of the few cities with city walls, whose walls remain as good as