1、狀語從句,1.時間狀語從句（1）,When While As,當(dāng),When,I will tell her about it when I see her. I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. I will go home when he comes back.,When-當(dāng)時候, 通常指某一特定的時間點，主句與從句的動作同時發(fā)生。,When - 正在的時候，突然。通常主句是be doing 或 be about to 或 had just done,When也可以表示先后關(guān)系,When也可以表示先后關(guān)系,When也可以表示先后

2、關(guān)系,I recognized the thief when/ as I passed him. When he finished his lecture, people stood up and applauded. I was walking on the street when I came across an old friend. We were about to set off when it began to rain. He had just finished the work when the doorbell rang. We were on the point of dr

3、iving away when the policeman signed us to stop.,意思為既然或考慮到 (原因狀語從句) It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there. How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television? Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one? There is no po

4、int （in） owning a car when we have so good a public transport system. Why use metal when you can use plastic? How can he get the promotion when his boss dislikes him?,while,While -在期間，往往指一段時間。,While we were in America, we saw him twice.,While we were talking, he came in.,We are cleaning the classroo

5、m while they are playing the football.,While 表示兩相對比。,While 表示讓步“盡管”。,While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved.,As,As - 一邊一邊, 隨著,She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.,As she grew older, she became more beautiful. As time goes by, .,Just as

6、,時間狀語從句（2）,Not until Since As soon as (immediately, directly) The moment/ the minute Hardly when/No sooner than Every time / each time,直到才,自從,一就,一就,每次， 每當(dāng),一就,我什么都不會說，直到你讓我說。 2. 直到他回來，我們才開始工作。,I wont say anything until you tell me to.,We didnt start the work until he came back.,not until句型中強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝： It

7、was not until he came back that we started the work. Not until he came back did we start the work.,3. 他們一看到這張照片，就笑翻了。 They laughed as soon as they saw the picture. They laughed the moment they saw the picture. 4. 我剛一到家就開始下雨了。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than

8、 it began to rain. 5. 他剛一上去車就發(fā)動了。 Hardly had he got on it when the bus started. No sooner had he got on it than the bus started. 6.每當(dāng)我聽音樂，我就想起這事。 Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it.,時間狀語從句（3）,before It will be +一段時間+before從句(does) 要過才能做 It will not be +一段時間+before從句 要不了 就能做 It was +一段時間+b

9、efore從句(did) 過了做了 It was not+一段時間+before從句(did) 沒過做了,我五年后才能回來。 It will be five years before I came back. 用不了多久他們就會互相了解了。 It will not be long before they understand each other. 五天后他才回來的。 It was five days before he came back. 不久后敵人就被趕走了。 It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country

10、.,不久我們就動身去北方了。 It was not long before we left for the north. 再過一年你就畢業(yè)了。 It will be a year before you graduate. 用不了多久我們就會知道實驗的結(jié)果了。 It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment. 過了一段時間他們才意識到事情的真相。 It was some time before they realized the truth.,Time passed quickly and three months

11、went by before she knew it. 時間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個月. He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。 Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight, buttheyhungup before Icouldanswerthephone. 半夜里有人打來電話，我沒來得及接電話就掛了。 The most destructive natural disaster, tsunami, came unexpectedly before the tourists

12、 could leave the coast.,since 自從以來，一般主句用完成式或完成進(jìn)行時： I have never seen him since I graduated. Ive been learning English since Grade Three in primary school. Ive been feeling down since I lost my job.,It is/ has been +一段時間+ since did: (did為短暫動詞) 自從以來已經(jīng)多久了; (did為持續(xù)動詞) 不以來已經(jīng)多久了 It has been twenty days si

13、nce the war broke out. It is ten years since he lived here.,It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸煙有三年了。 It is three years since he began to smoke. 他吸煙有三年了。 It is three years since he joined the army. 他參軍有三年了。 It is three years since he was a soldier. 他退役有三年了。 It is years since I enjoyed myself so m

14、uch. 好多年沒玩的這么痛快了。,注意：在時間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時、過去將來時態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時來代替。如： Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達(dá)那里就打電話給你。 She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達(dá)那里就給我電話。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。,2. 條件狀語從句,if unless as long as in case,

15、如果,除非,只要,萬一,從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時,_ weather permits, we will go to the park tomorrow. Youd better take an umbrella _ it rains. I sleep with the window open _ its really cold. _ you listen to me, Ill give whatever you want.,If,in case,unless,As long as,If/ unless/ as long as / in case,You will fail to arriv

16、e there in time unless you start earlier (if you dont start earlier). 如果你不早點動身,你就不能及時趕到那兒。 Well let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 我們可以讓你使用這個房間，條件是你把它保持整潔。 Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him? 如果他不來，是不是不帶他去? He will do the work providing you pay him. 如

17、果你能付費，他可以做這工作。,3. 原因狀語從句,Because Since As,Because 表示直接的因果關(guān)系，常放主句后. 回答Why 問句 、 強(qiáng)調(diào)原因或有partly, not修飾時 ,只能用because.,Since , as 表示眾所周知的原因，常放于主句前，譯成“既然”. Since 語氣比as 強(qiáng)。,I learn English partly _ I like it. _ everyone is here, lets begin the meeting. It is _ he is honest that he gets the job.,because,Since,

18、because,Seeing that youre already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside. 鑒于你已到了門口，我想我必須邀請你入內(nèi)。 Considering hes only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考慮到他只是剛剛開始, 他對此的了解已經(jīng)不少了。 Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可以肯定

19、教書是最適合她的職業(yè)。 Since/Now that youre not interested, I wont tell you about it. 既然你不感興趣，那我就不告訴你了。,注意： 1. considering 和 given 還可用介詞。如： Considering his age, the little boy reads very well. 就他的年齡來說，這小孩讀得挺好的。 Given her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可以肯定教書是最適

20、合她的職業(yè)。 2. 表示“因為”的連詞不能與表示“所以”的 so 連用。如： 因為他病了，所以沒有出席會議。 誤：Because he was ill, so he didnt attend the meeting. 正：He didnt attend the meeting because he was ill. 正：He was ill so he didnt attend the meeting.,He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. The day brea

21、ks, for the birds are singing. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. He must/may be at home now, for the light is on. There must be something wrong with the machine, for the engine failed to start. A man cannot smile like a child, for a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles

22、 with his lips alone.,結(jié)果狀語從句,So that Such that,形容詞,名詞,如此以至于,Hehasmade_greatprogressthattheteachersarepleasedwithhim. Hehad_manyfallsthathewasblack andblueallover.,I study hard, so that/ in order that I may not fail in the examinations.,目的狀語從句,such,so,many much little few,They are _ interesting novel

23、s that I want to read them again. He was _ an honest boy that he was praised. She is _ lovely a girl that everyone likes her. The boy is _ young that he cant look after himself. He has made _ great progress that teachers are pleased with him. He had _ little education that he was unfit for the job.,

24、such,such,so,so,such,so,There were _ many people in the street that we couldnt get close to the building. He runs _ fast that nobody can catch up with him. _ good weather _ much money _ handsome boys,so,so,Such,So,Such,Bring it closer so (that) I can see it better. 拿近一點以便我看得更清楚。 I left at 6:00 so th

25、at/in order that I could catch the train. 為了趕上火車，我六點就出門了。 He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走得很快，以免遲到。 Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要講得清楚，他們才聽得懂。 They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 他們冒了生死危險使我們生活得更安全。 They are such wonderful players that no

26、one can beat them. 他們都是出色的運動員，沒有人能戰(zhàn)勝他們。,目的狀語從句,So that 倒裝 So dark was it that he couldnt see the faces of his companions. So frightened was she that she couldnt say a word. So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him. So dangerous did the weather become that all mount

27、ain roads were closed. Such a good student was he that everyone liked him.,考題1 So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (2006廣東) A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found 考題2 _ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. (20

28、06福建) A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little,B,A,讓步狀語從句,Although he is busy, he never misses a football match.,= busy as he is , he never misses a football match.,No matter what you may do, do it well.,No matter where life takes us to, just stick to our dreams.,although, though, as, while

29、(雖然), even if/though (即使), whetheror(不論/不管還是) 以及“疑問詞+ever”和“no matter+疑問詞”等,Although/Though they are poor they are happy. 雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。 Though he is very old, he works hard. 盡管他年老了但仍努力工作。 Tired as he was, he sat up late. 他雖然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 雖然我喜歡

30、這頂帽子的顏色，但我不喜歡它的形狀。,Ill go even if/though it snows. 即使下雪我也要去。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你信還是不信，這的確是事實。 However (=No matter how) tired you may be, you must do it today. 不管怎樣累, 你也得今天做。 Wherever (=No matter where) I am, I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會想到你。,Girl as she is, she is b

31、raver than a boy.Smart as he was, he was not able to solve the problem. Try as he might, he couldnt get out of the difficulty. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early.,引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as(正如)，as if或as though(好像)等。如： Do as I told you. 按我告訴你的那樣做。 As a man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也

32、能死。 I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生似的。 Please pronounce the word the way I do.請照我這樣,讀這個單詞.,地點狀語從句 Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得見的地方。 He lives where the climate is mild. 他住在一個氣候溫暖的地方。 Wherever I am l will be thinking of you. 我不論在哪兒，都會想你的。 The churc

33、h was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 教堂建在曾一度是羅馬神廟的地方。 Next time I hope youll go where I tell you to. 下次我希望你去我告訴你去的地方。,地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別 : 在于分句在句中作什么成分。作狀語，則是狀語從句；作定語修飾名詞，則是定語從句 where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，從句前應(yīng)有一個表示地點的名詞作先行詞；而狀語從句前則無需先行詞。 如： Go back where you came from. (where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句） 你從何處來到何處去。 Go b

34、ack to the village where you came from. (where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾village) 回到你來的那個村子里去。,考題1 Mom, what did the doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. (2006四川) A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 考題2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering. (2006江西) A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever,D,D,考題3 If you are traveling _ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.