1、第二部分 語(yǔ)法網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻略,第一章 名詞,一、名詞的種類,二、名詞的數(shù) （一） 規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es。現(xiàn)將構(gòu) 成方法與讀音規(guī)則歸納如下：,（二）不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù) 英語(yǔ)里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，現(xiàn)歸納如下：,三、名詞的所有格 名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語(yǔ)法形式叫做名詞所有格。所有格分兩種：一是名詞詞尾加s構(gòu)成，二是由介詞of加名詞構(gòu)成。前者多表示有生命的東西，后者多表示無(wú)生命的東西。,（一） s所有格的構(gòu)成：,（二）s所有格的用法：,（三）of所有格的用法： 用于無(wú)生命的東西： the legs of the chair, the cover of

2、the book 用于有生命的東西，尤其是有較長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)時(shí)： the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名詞化的詞： the struggle of the oppressed,【強(qiáng)化練習(xí)】 I單項(xiàng)選擇題 1. -He says that my new car is a _ of money. -Dont you think those words are just sour grapes? （2008年山東） A. lack B. load C. question D. waste 【解析】 a waste of money浪費(fèi)錢。B選項(xiàng)load是“

3、負(fù)擔(dān)，貸款”的意思。sour grapes酸葡萄(來(lái)自于伊索寓言里面的一個(gè)故事，吃不到葡萄就說(shuō)葡萄是酸的。)是一種自我安慰的心理。故選D項(xiàng)。,D,2. The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ car. (2009年江西) A. girls; Toms B. girls; Toms C. girls; Toms D. girls; Toms 考查名詞所有格的用法，因?yàn)楹竺娴拇~them可以看出是多人，因此女孩肯定是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所有格在復(fù)數(shù)后面直接加。故選C項(xiàng)

4、。 3.China has got a good _for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization（2009年安徽） A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge 考查名詞間的意義。reputation名聲，influence影響，impression印象，knowledge知識(shí)，題意應(yīng)該指贏得一個(gè)好名聲。故選A項(xiàng)。,C,A,4. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English exam so th

5、at she could be sure of passing it on her first _. A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire 考查名詞間的意義。intention目的，意圖。attempt嘗試。purpose目的。desire欲望，渴望。選B項(xiàng)。 5. Because prices of food and clothing and almost everything else in that country have steadily gone up, the buying_ of the dollar has gone dow

6、n. A. energy B. force C. power D. strength 考查名詞間的意義。energy能量，force力量，武力，power能力，力量，strength主要指“體力”。題目應(yīng)該指購(gòu)買力，指人的一種能力，所以答案選C。,B,C,6. I tried every _ to make him give up smoking. A. mean B. ways C. meaning D. means 這里way 作“方式、手段、方法”解時(shí)，常用單數(shù)，等于method，而復(fù)數(shù)形式means的意思是“手段，方法”等，every后加名詞單數(shù)，其實(shí)means是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，所以

7、答案選D。 7. _ knowledge of English is a must in international trade. A. The B. / C. A D. An knowledge是不可數(shù)名詞，但指“某一方面的知識(shí)”它有一個(gè)固定搭配a knowledge of精通。故選C項(xiàng)。,D,C,8. It is very difficult to _ his mind because he is always changing his mind. A. see B. read C. understand D. find 了解/讀懂某人的心思用read ones mind，選B項(xiàng)。 9.

8、Food and _ are very important to us all. A. clothes B. cloth C. clothing D. dress clothes是各種衣服的總稱，cloth是指料，clothing集合名詞，抽象概念，dress服裝，連衣裙。故選C項(xiàng)。 10. Pop music is loved by lots of people, but it is not everyones _. A. taste B. favor C. sound D. smell 這里的taste是指“口味”。故選A項(xiàng)。,B,C,A,II用所給單詞的正確形式填空 1. _(witne

9、ss) said the _(attack) started firing outside the bank before they walked in the front door. 2. Thanks to the campaign, public _(aware) of agricultural product quality and food _(safe) _(strength). 3. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still kept by people in many places, who _(regard) i

10、t as a _(necessary) to _(marry) procedure. 4. When a long reading _(assign) is given, _(instruct) expect students to be familiar with the _(inform) in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an _(examine).,Witnesses,attackers,awareness,safety,is strengthened,regard,necessity,marr

11、iage,assignment,instructors,information,examination,III單句改錯(cuò) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear. _ Hes getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. _ Theres a papers factory near our school. _ _ As the day went by, she became less anxious. _ _ Their word were a great encouragement to me. _,tear 改為 tears，因 tear 為可數(shù)名詞，不要誤