1、volunteers,The pictures tell us about v_ work.,The pictures tell us that we should do some voluntary work.,Its our social responsibility.,That we should do some voluntary work.,“It” refers to?,Replace “it “!,That we should do some voluntary work is our social responsibility.,賓語,賓語從句,充當(dāng)主語 subject,主語從

2、句,Develop it,Its our social responsibility that we should do some voluntary work .,形式主語,Our social responsibility is _ we should do some voluntary work.,Our social responsibility _ we should do some voluntary work is necessary.,that,that,表語從句,同位語從句,oluntary,名詞性從句 Noun clause,At lunch time, the radio

3、 weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything. The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.,Predictive Clause (表語從句),Obje

4、ct Clause (賓語從句),Subject Clause (主語從句),Appositive Clause 同位語從句,Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them,1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If 2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. w

5、hat 3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,Practice,名詞性從句,主語從句 賓語從句 表語從句 同位語從句,常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞: that, if, whether, who, whose, what, which

6、, when, where, how, how many, how far, why 等,Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能/重要的是/必要的是/很清楚 Its said/ reported that據(jù)說/據(jù)報道 It seems/appears/happens that顯然、明顯、 碰巧. Its been announced/declared that 已經(jīng)通知/宣布 Its no wonder that并不奇怪/無疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (眾所周知） / a

7、common saying（俗話說）that,在下列句型中常使用that引導(dǎo)主語從句,在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補+that從句(真正賓語) 的句型中不省略 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由連詞and連接的兩個由that引導(dǎo) 的賓語從句中,第二個that 不省略. He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.,2.that在賓語從句中的省略與保留,同位語從句在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（ idea ；belief ； fact

8、； truth ；problem ；news, word, promise 等）后面，對名詞作進一步解釋說明.,同位語從句常用 that 引導(dǎo)或用連接副詞when / where/why / how / whether,1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people . 2) Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect(視察) them .,3) Sydney kept his promise that he would alw

9、ays do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.,同位語從句,1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night.,_,The fact that two thirds of all g

10、irls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.,_,We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China.,4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea.,5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcom

11、ed by many people, especially kids in school.,3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view.,_,Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,_,There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible.,_,_

12、,The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school.,名詞性從句在句中要用_語序,從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_,考點1語序問題,1.No one can be sure _ in a million years. what will man look like B. what man will look like C. man will look like what D. what look will m

13、an like,陳述,總結(jié)歸納：,2.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited,句首,考點2 時態(tài)問題,2. Our physics teacher once told us that light _ （ travel ） faster than sound.,travels,總結(jié)歸納：,3)主句的動詞

14、用一般現(xiàn)在時，從句謂語可根據(jù)需要選用各種時態(tài),1. He said that he will go to the station. .,3. Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months.,1）主句的動詞用過去時，從句謂語動詞用過去的某種時態(tài),2）主句的動詞用過去時，從句表示客觀事實，格言，諺語等 ，從句謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時,went,has been,would,考點3 主謂一致問題,何時開會還沒有決定。,When the meeting will begin _ (have)

15、not been decided yet .,他們何時出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒有決定。,When the person was murdered and why he was murdered_(is/are)still unknown.,單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用_形式。如果是兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞則用_形式。由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，謂語動詞用_形式。,總結(jié)歸納：,單數(shù),復(fù)數(shù),has,When they will start and where they will go_(have)still unknown.,何時何地開會還沒有決定。,When and

16、 where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .,have,has,單數(shù),基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過去分詞+ that . + (should) do a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable etc)+that b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, reques

17、ted, insisted etc)+that,1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to take C. must take D. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told,考點4虛擬語氣 a)主語從句中的虛擬語氣,總結(jié)歸納：,We suggested that the meeting _ A.should put off B.be put off C. was pu

18、t off D.putting off,總結(jié)歸納：,表示建議、要求、命令,堅持等動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的從句謂語動詞用 _,注意suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist 表示 “堅持認(rèn)為”之意時，從句按需要來選擇時態(tài),(should) + do/be done,The smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.,was,考點4虛擬語氣 b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣,a.

19、 IwishI_(know)theanswer now.,b. Iwishhe _(pass)theexam yesterday.,對現(xiàn)在虛擬時，that從句中謂語用過去時,對過去虛擬時，用had過去分詞,knew,hadpassed,總結(jié)歸納：,考點4虛擬語氣 b)賓語從句中的虛擬語氣,在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即_,His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must

20、 try D. can try 2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop,考點4虛擬語氣 c)表語和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣,總結(jié)歸納：,(should) + do/be done,1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide

21、when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. (09天津）It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,It,that,whether,找出下列句子中的錯誤,總結(jié)歸納：,當(dāng)主語從句較長，而謂語較短時，常常將從句_，而用it作為形式主語置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語。,后置,考點5 it作形式主語和形式賓語,1. _

22、is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (福建 2008) A. It B. What C. As D. Which 2. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷） A. this B. that C. it D. these,Exercises,_ is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijin

23、g.,what 表什么（無選擇范圍） which表選擇, 哪一個（有選擇范圍）,1. -Do you know_Miss Zhus address is ? -She may live at No. 3 or No. 4 of Xianxing road. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? （01北京春季）,what,which,which,考點6 連接詞 a) what / which,考點6 連接詞,總結(jié)歸納：,_等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句， 也可以引導(dǎo)

24、讓步狀語從句， 而 _等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。,whatever,No matter what,_ you go and _you do, Ill be right here waiting for you.,wherever,whatever,No matter where,no matter what,離開房間的任何人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。 _ought to turn off the light. 他所有的任何東西都被日本士兵站占領(lǐng)了。 _was seized by the Japanese soldiers.,Whoever leaves the room last,Whatever he h

25、ad,b) whatever /whoever/無論,不管 however/whomever/whichever/ ,1. （09湖南）2She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to doit takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 2. _,mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late he is B. However he is late C. No m

26、atter how late he is D. No matter how he is late 3_wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江 2008) A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who,Exercises,That he wants to go there is obvious. I am sure that he will come tomorrow. The news that our team won the match inspired us. The result is

27、 that we won the game.,無,無,賓語從句中可省，其余不可省,是否,無,主語， 賓語， 表語,有,1）that 與whether 的區(qū)別,( ),1.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05廣東卷) 2. We doubt _ he will defeat the others. 3.The problem is _ we have enough time . 4.It doesnt matter _ you come or not 5.It al

28、l depends on_the sky is going to clear up. A.if B. that C. / D. whether,whether/if,whether,what,that,whether,whether,whether,2）whether 和if的區(qū)別,That表確定 whether表是否,1)主語從句 /表語從句 / 同位語從句/介詞后用whether 2)Whether or not 連用,1._(What/That /whether) was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （ 08山東

29、卷） 2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 3._made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. AWhatwhetherBWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause,What與 that 的區(qū)別,缺少成分即主語，賓語，表語時用what,考點連接詞,c).that/whether/

30、what,What,4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where,（08重慶卷）33. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. A. even if B. whether C. no matter

31、 D. however,2. （08北京卷）The companies are working together to create _they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who,the place,高考鏈接,3. (09浙江）10Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? No problem. A. When B. that C. whether D. what,考