1、1,2020/7/27,Unit 9,Teaching Listening,2020/7/27,2,Warming up questions,What are our problems in listening in English?,Do you think listening is very difficult for English learners in China?,How do most teachers teach listening? What do you think of this kind of eaching?,2020/7/27,3,The focus for tod

2、ay,What makes listening so difficult? What do we listen to in our everyday life? What are the characteristics of the listening process? How do people process information in listening comprehension? What are the principles for teaching listening? How can we teach listening effectively?,2020/7/27,4,Te

3、xtbook PP 136-137,What makes listening so difficult?,2020/7/27,5,interviews instructions radio news loudspeaker announcements theatre shows telephone chats committee meetings shopping lessons lectures conversations gossips watching television story-telling,(Ur, 1996:105),II. What do we listen to in

4、our everyday life?,2020/7/27,6,III. Characteristics of the listening process,Informal Assigning places, persons, or things to categories; Inferring cause-and-effect relationship; Anticipating outcomes; Inferrring the topic of a discourse; Inferring the sequence between events; Inferring missing deta

5、ils.,2020/7/27,13,Schema theory (圖式理論),The term schema was first used by the psychologist Bartlett (1932).,Schema theory is based on the notion that past experiences lead to the creation of mental frameworks that help us make sense of new experiences.,(Nunan P201),2020/7/27,14,V. What are the princi

6、ples for teaching listening?,Focus on process Combine listening with other skills Focus on the comprehension of meaning,PP139-140,2020/7/27,15,Principles for selecting and using listening activities,PP141-142,2020/7/27,16,VI. How can we teach listening more effectively?,Pre-listening Stage While-lis

7、tening Stage Post-listening Stage,2020/7/27,17,5.1 Pre-listening stage,This stage is to prepare the listeners for what they are going to hear, just as we are usually prepared in real life (for example, we usually have expectations about the topic, and even the language).,(Textbook, P144),Aims for ha

8、ving Pre-listening activities,2020/7/27,18,Pre-listening activities,Discuss a relevant picture Discuss relevant experiences Associate ideas with the topic Associate vocabulary with the topic Predict information about the topic Write questions about the topic,Davies & Pearse 2002: 78,2020/7/27,19,Pre

9、-listening activities,Predicting using visual aids asking leading questions students reading the listening comprehension questions before listening Setting the scene,P145-146,2020/7/27,20,practice,Do Task No. 8 on Page 146.,2020/7/27,21,5.2 While-listening stage,This stage is to help the listeners t

10、o understand the text. The teacher should not expect the learners to try to understand every word but help the learners to process the information actively by involving them in practicing different listening skills .,2020/7/27,22,Major listening skills,Listening for the gist (to get the general idea

11、 of what we hear) Listening for specific information Listening for detailed information Inferring (to listen to what is not directly stated) Note-taking (to combine listening and writing),(Harmer, 2003:201-202),2020/7/27,23,While-listening activities,Listening for the gist Listening for specific inf

12、ormation Listening for detailed information Inferring (to listen to what is not directly stated) Note-taking (to combine listening and writing),Textbook, PP148-151,2020/7/27,24,practice,Do Task No. 9 on Page 147.,2020/7/27,25,5.3 Post-listening stage,This stage is to help the listeners connect what

13、they have heard with their own ideas and experience, just as we often do in real life. It also allows the teacher to move from listening to another skill. For example, the listeners may practice speaking by role-play interviews similar to the one they have heard.,2020/7/27,26,Post-listening activities,Give opinions Relate similar experiences Role play a similar interaction Write a brief report Write a similar text Debate the topic,2020/7/27,27,Post-listening activities,Read the part of the textbook from Page 152 to Page 153.,2020/7/27,28,Reference books:,Richa