1、,中考解題方法指導(dǎo)之,單 項 選 擇,單項選擇考什么？,從近幾年來常州的中考試卷分析可以看出，單項選擇題的考點主要分布在：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、冠詞、連詞、介詞、情態(tài)動詞;時態(tài)、語態(tài);詞義辨析、賓語從句、定語從句、狀語從句及交際用語上。 在做單項選擇題時，同學(xué)們除應(yīng)具有較扎實的語言基礎(chǔ)知識和善于思考外，掌握一些解題方法是很有必要的。,怎樣解答單選題？,Step 1 讀,Step 2 排,Step 3 選,Step 4 驗,Step 1 閱讀審題 首先要默讀試題中的英語句子，了解空格在句中所處的位置，句子缺少什么成份，初步確定一個答案的范圍。根據(jù)備選答案二者結(jié)合起來就會大致明白考查什么

2、。,觀察排除 這是一個快速而又嚴(yán)密的思維過程。要求將試題中所提供的條件和備選答案的情況結(jié)合起來去分析、推理、排除那些明顯不符合試題，甚至本身就有錯的各選項目，再在剩余的備選中比較分析。,選擇判斷 在分析句子和備選答案的基礎(chǔ)上，經(jīng)過反復(fù)驗證，選出一個使句子語法正確、語意通順，符合邏輯道理的答案。,復(fù)查驗證 將所選答案放在句中空格處再默讀全句。首先看是否順口，再在讀法、意思和邏輯關(guān)系上推敲一下，完全符合條件則可放心。,根據(jù)語感立即確定答案。有些單選題，簡單易懂，僅僅考查語言點，考生往往憑已掌握的知識和語感能夠直接選定正確答案。 如：We often have sports after class，

3、and I like to play _ basketball. a B. an C. the D. 不填 解 析：本題考查冠詞的用法，根據(jù)詞組“ play basketball ”，中間無冠詞， 直接選答案 D .,方法一：直接法,play _ basketball,許多題目都有一些關(guān)鍵詞，它們對于快速而準(zhǔn)確地判斷出答案起著至關(guān)重要的作用。找到句中的關(guān)鍵詞，也就找到了解題的突破口。,方法二：關(guān)鍵詞法,-Is Wei Fang good at singing?-Yes , she is.We often hear her _ in the next room. A. to sing B. si

4、ngs C. sing D. singing,often,hear,hear sb do(經(jīng)?；蜃鲞^) doing（正在做）,The boy was seen _ into the house and go upstairs an hour ago. A. to enterB. entering C. to walk D. walking,be noticed/heard/seen/made to do (被動),notice/hear/see/make sb do (主動),seen,在對四個選項難以確定的情況下，考生可以采取逐個排除法，把沒有被排除的答案定為正確答案。,方法三：排除法, W

5、heres Lucy? Im not sure. She _ in the library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. may,句中沒有謂語動詞,情態(tài)動詞+動原,The young man was caught for murder because he killed _ girl. A a 8- years -old B an 8-years-old C an 8-year-old D a 8-year-old,冠-形-名，去？加？,復(fù)合形容詞,8eight 前用 an,有些單選題不能很快確定答案，必須對其時態(tài)、語態(tài)及同義詞等方面進行比較，最后選出答案

6、。,方法四：比較法,Hes never heard to sing songs, _? _. He once took the first place in a big singing competition in our school. A. has he; Yes B. hasnt he; No C. is he; Yes D. isnt he; No,前肯后否，前否后肯,is he,Yes,_ enjoyable it is to travel by air! _.,“形容詞”時感嘆詞是應(yīng)用how 去掉 C、D,做飛機去旅行多愉快?。?So it is. 正裝（陳述句語序）是表示對前者的

7、肯定，意思是：“它的確是的，果真是的”。 。 So is it. 倒裝（一般疑問句語序）是表示另外的人和事有相同的情況, 意思是：“它也是。”,是的。,A. How, So is it,B.,C. What, So is it,D. What So it is,So it is,B,How,例：我這周末做作業(yè)很認真。,I did my homework carefully this weekend.,So you did.,是的，不錯，你是認真的。,你的同班同學(xué)們也是認真的。,So did your classmates.,So+主+ 助動詞.,So+ 助動詞+主,我,你,你的同班同學(xué)們,-W

8、ould your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday ?-If I dont go, _ . A. so does he B. so he will C. neither will he D. neither does he,dont,引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該是 neither或nor,If,主句用一般將來詞，if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示，比較 C 、 D 兩個選項，正確答案應(yīng)為 C .,有些題目的選項，從語法上判斷答案不只一個，這時可以通過邏輯推理的方法得出正確答案。 如：There are _ people in the street b

9、ecause it is almost midnight . A. a few B. few C. a little D. little,方法五：邏輯推理法,people,because it is almost midnight,people為可數(shù)名詞,a few 和 few 都可修飾 people ，此題的意思：“因為時間幾乎是半夜了，所以街上幾乎沒有人?！比暨xA ，不合邏輯，所以，只有 B 是正確的。,有的單選題應(yīng)根據(jù)固定搭配和習(xí)慣用語選正確答案. 1. -Do the dishes, John, or I will tell Mum. -Mind your own_, Lily. A.

10、 matter B. event C. choice D. business 2. The teacher asked angrily, Whats your _ for being late this time, John? Did your bike break down on your way a fifth time? idea B. mind C. excuse D. result,方法六：固定搭配判斷法,忠告：要有解題痕跡。把句中的關(guān)鍵信息或暗示信息圈起來，根據(jù)這些信息或上下文排除選項中的A、B、C或D，并要在上面劃掉，這樣一目了然，在答題卡上涂時就不會出錯了。10道選擇題要做到一

11、次為準(zhǔn)，一定要細心，難題目讀2遍后開始答題，注意“陷阱”。盡量用排除法來解題。,1)-What are you going to do, Jane? -Oh, my mother asks me _ some food for supper. A buy B to buy C buys D buying 2) We have worked for three hours. Now lets stop _a rest. A had B have C to have D having,ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事,stop to do sth 停下來,3) We have got

12、 two TV sets, but _ works well. A. any B. both C neither D either 4) It_ ten years since we last _ in Beijing. A was, met B has been, met C was, meet D is ,meet,is,常見陷阱,單項選擇題考查準(zhǔn)確而靈活的運用語法知識的能力和在語境中進行交際的能力，因此，答題時應(yīng)該隨機應(yīng)變，靈活作答。以下是常見的陷阱類型。,陷阱一：利用固定詞語或固定搭配干擾選項。如,1）Ma Yun said he would prefer _ more attenti

13、on to helping the poor children in Chinas poor areas in the future. A. paying B. paid C. to pay D. pay,prefer,陷阱二：省略句子成分，干擾選項。,1）-What do you think made the little girl so happy? -_ a new dress. A .Because she bought B . Buying C .Because of buying D . As she bought,made the little girl so happy.,陷阱

14、三：套用某種句型，干擾固定搭配。,When he went to see the doctor , he was told not only _to bed early, but also _ more exercises. A go, do B going, doing C to go, to do D went, did,not only,but also,陷阱四：利用漢語思維，干擾選項。,1)The price of gold is _ than before. A. expensive B .more expensive C. high D. higher.,than,東西用貴賤（ex

15、pensive/cheap） 價格用高低（high/low）,陷阱五：導(dǎo)致時態(tài)誤用，干擾選項。,1）I dont know if he _here , I will tell you if he _. A comes, comes B will come, comes C comes, will come D will come, will come,陷阱六：混用相似句型句式，干擾選項。,1）Shanghai is larger than_ city in India. A any other B the other C any D the,city,比較時若包含本身在內(nèi)，則需加other/e

16、lse排除本身，但如不包含則不加。,陷阱七：知識記憶缺陷，干擾選項。,1）There is _ “u” and _ “ s” in the word “bus”. A a, an B an, an C an, a D a, a,1) You can never imagine what great difficulty I have _ your house. A found B to find C finding D founded,陷阱八：插入定語從句或賓語從句或感嘆句中某部分的干擾選項,have difficulty (in) doing,選擇題與詞匯題要一次為準(zhǔn)，力爭不失分！,單項選擇

17、,詞匯運用,完成練習(xí)-單項選擇部分。,1. - What are on show in the museum? Some pictures_ by Tom last week. A. took B. taken C.were taken D. are taken,are on show.,2. The man we talked to _ us happy sometimes. A make B makes C made D making,(we talked to),sometimes,3. The man we like_ in our city next week. A singing

18、B to sing C sings D will sing,(we like),4.Everything I _ to the new house. A have taken B has been taken C have has been taken D was taken,(I ) +謂動,( by Tom),next week,選擇題與詞匯題要一次為準(zhǔn)，力爭不失分！,單項選擇,詞匯運用,中考解題方法指導(dǎo)之,詞匯運用,第一部分用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 5分,注意點： 1。名詞考慮單復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格 2。數(shù)詞考慮基或序，或數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù) in his twenties 3。代詞（反身代詞，名詞性物主代詞,人稱代詞主賓格) 4。形容詞副詞考慮比較等級 (雙寫,不規(guī)則表要背出）,各個級別的關(guān)鍵詞 5。形修名，副修動（形）；形容詞變副詞(ly, 變y為ily, ble、ple結(jié)尾去e加y，truetruly），特殊good-well,6。ed與ing結(jié)尾的形容詞； 7。動作-人（er/or-visitor,inventor,director）-名詞 （treatment，discussion） 8。名詞