1、桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,1,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,2,語(yǔ)法特征 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在英文中主要用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的看法、態(tài)度等。從用法上來(lái)說(shuō)，它有這樣幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)： 1）各個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞自身都有一定的詞義。 2）不能在句中獨(dú)立擔(dān)當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，也沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式。 3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中不受任何人稱,數(shù)變化的影響。 4) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接的不定式（除ought外）都不帶to ，即接動(dòng)詞原形。 英文中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有：can , could ; may , might ; must ; ought ; need ; dare , dared ，另外，shall , will , should , would在一定的場(chǎng)合也可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

2、,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,3,二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 1 can 的用法 1 表能力 (1）cancould 表示能力；可能 (過(guò)去時(shí)用could), 只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式(could)。be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 如：They _tell you the news soon. A. will be able to B can C could The boy _ play the piano very well when he was seven . A. will be able to B can C could,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,4,(2) was were able to 和could 在

3、表示能力時(shí)可以替換；當(dāng)表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to，相當(dāng)于manage to 或succeeded in . 不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out. = _ =_ 注意：在否定句中，兩者可以互換。 如：-I wonder why she hasnt turned up yet . -Perhaps she_get away from her work . A wasnt able to B couldnt C cant D is able to,He managed to fl

4、ee Europe before the war broke out.,He succeeded in fleeing Europe before the war broke out.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,5,(3) 助動(dòng)詞后只用be able to They will _ tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告訴你消息了。 (4) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后只用be able to 。 They may _ do it .,be able to,be able to,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,6,2 表示許可，允許，在疑問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求許可，在否定句中表示不許。此時(shí)代替更為正式的May . -_I c

5、ome in ? A May B Can You _smoke in non-smoking sections in public places , but you can in smoking-sections . The teacher said that we _ play foot ball on the playground . 注意：could在表示提出請(qǐng)求時(shí)和推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)。 - Could I have the television on? - Yes, you _. -No, you _. （注意在回答中不可用could）,cant,couldnt,can,cant,桂長(zhǎng)

6、元教學(xué)課件,7,3表示推測(cè)或懷疑，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀可能性“可能，會(huì)”多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，表示推測(cè)時(shí)可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，進(jìn)行時(shí)，完成時(shí)。 句子翻譯： 他會(huì)是誰(shuí)呢？_ 他不可能正在等你。 _ 他不可能已獨(dú)自去那里了。 _,Who can he be ?,He cant be waiting for you .,He cant have gone there along .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,8,2 May 的用法 1） 表示允許或請(qǐng)求；口語(yǔ)中常可與can替換。 如：你現(xiàn)在可以走了。_ 表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè)；”或許，可能”表示一件事情或許會(huì)發(fā)生，只用在陳述句中。 如：他可能來(lái)，但我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)。_ 注意： migh

7、t 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may 小。 He might be at home.,You may go now .,He may come, but I dont think he will .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,9,3) may 放在句首，表示祝愿。 愿上帝保佑你！_ 4） 成語(yǔ)： may/might as well，后面接不帶to 的不定式，意為不妨。 如果那樣的話，你不妨試一下。 If that is the case , _. 典型例題 Peter _come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. mustB. may

8、 C. can D. will,May God bless you !,You might as well try it !,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,10,3 比較have to和must 1)兩詞都是必須的意思，have to 表示客觀的需要， must 表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。 如：我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事) _ 他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事） _ 比較：I must leave now .(主觀) I m afraid youll have to leave now , its a rule of the hospital .（客

9、觀）,My brother is badly ill now , so I have to send for a doctor at midnight .,He said they must work hard .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,11,2)have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。 He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3） 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中： dont have to 表示不必 mustnt表示“禁止”， 你不一定要把此事告訴他。_ 你一定不要把這件事告訴他。 _,You dont have to tell him about

10、 it .,You mustnt tell him about it .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,12,4在回答帶有must 的問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定結(jié)構(gòu)不用mustnt 而用neednt dont have to . -Must I go home ? -Yes , _ -No _ 5 表示偏偏，干嘛，（指做令人不愉快的事情） The car must break down just when we were about to start off . Must you shout so loudly ?,must,neednt / dont have to .,( 干嘛 ),( 偏偏 ),桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,13

11、,6 must表示推測(cè) 1) must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè)，意為一定。 2) must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)， must 后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be 的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。 你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷） _ 他一定在辦公室工作呢。 _ 比較： He must be staying there. He must stay there.,Youve worked all day long so you must be tired .,He must be working in his office .,他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里,他必須呆在那。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課

12、件,14,3) must 表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，must 要接完成式。 我剛才沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到電話，我想必是睡著了。 _ 4) must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，must 后面要接動(dòng)詞的完成進(jìn)行式。 -Why didnt you answer my phone call? -Well, I _,(sleep) so I didnt hear it.,I did hear the phone . I must have slept .,must have been sleeping .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,15,5) 否定推測(cè)用cant。 If Tom didnt leave here unt

13、il five oclock, he cant be home yet. 如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,16,4. shall 用法 1）用于第一人稱的構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 2)一般用于二、三人稱陳述句中，表示命令、許諾、警告、威脅，決心、義務(wù)、規(guī)定等。 You shall have my answer tomorrow He shall be sorry for it one day , I tell you . You shall do as I tell you . Nothing shall stop us from fighting against pol

14、lution Each citizen shall carry ID card when travelling.,(允諾),（警告）,（命令）,(決心),義務(wù)、規(guī)定,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,17,3)用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)和指示，用在一，三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中。 Shall I turn on the light ? Shall he come to see you ? _ 注： Shall +第三人稱主格+do sth =Do you want +第三人稱賓格+to do sth .,=Do you want him to see you ?,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,18,5 should 用法 Should不是一個(gè)

15、單獨(dú)意義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它只是shall 的過(guò)去式。 1） 表示勸告，建議常作應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)之義，與ought to 有時(shí)可以互換，ought to更注意一些責(zé)任義務(wù)。 You should do it by yourself . 2） 表示按常理進(jìn)行推測(cè)，預(yù)測(cè)其可能性，譯為“應(yīng)該，可能” He should be in his office now .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,19,3） should用于某些從句中表虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 用于表示建議，命令的從句中，表示建議，命令的動(dòng)詞有suggest 、advice、 demand、 require 、request、desire 、ask 、insist 等詞的賓

16、語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形。并可以省略。 He suggested that I (should) do so. （2）用在suggestion 、wish 、requirement、 instruction 、order、 等詞后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中。 It is my wish that you should do so .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,20,（3）用于一些如it is demand /desired /insisted /ordered /suggested /necessary /important/that .等結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)從句中。如 It is demanded

17、 that we get everything ready by the end of the week . 4）表示驚奇，懷疑，不滿等情緒，譯為“竟然”。常用在why , how 開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，以及I am surprised, It worried me, Its a pity 等結(jié)構(gòu)后的句子中。 Its a pity that he should be so careless . Why should I invite him ? How should I know ？,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,21,6 will 1)表示意志和決心，用于各種人稱。主語(yǔ)為物時(shí)表示固有的性質(zhì)和傾向 Ill do m

18、y best . The door wont shut. 2)表客觀事實(shí)或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 Fish will die out of water . Oil will float on water. 3）表示意愿傾向 -Who can close the door ? -I will (Ill do it ) 注本句不能用be going to /be to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)楸揪洳槐碛?jì)劃打算，只是一個(gè)反射性動(dòng)作。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,22,3）也表示一種揣想推測(cè)，用于二三人稱。 They will have arrived by now .他們大概已經(jīng)到了。 5)有時(shí)表示，難免 、畢竟。 Boys wi

19、ll be boys . 男孩畢竟是男孩。 Accident will happen . 事故難免會(huì)發(fā)生。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,23,7 would would 是will的過(guò)去式，would +v 構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，除此之外，是單獨(dú)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 1 表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的“意志，愿望和決心” I told him that I would go along with him . 2 委婉提出請(qǐng)求，建議或看法，語(yǔ)氣比will委婉，肯定答語(yǔ)用will . Would you help him ? Yes , I will . 3 表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作和過(guò)去的某種傾向。 When he was a child h

20、e would (used to )play football .,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,24,Would 和 used to 的區(qū)別。 1 used to 主要用于今昔習(xí)慣的對(duì)比，表明過(guò)去如何，現(xiàn)在已不再如此了。而would 不能用于今昔習(xí)慣的對(duì)比。 2 used to 用于表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或過(guò)去一貫存在的情況狀態(tài)，而would只能表示過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，不能表示情況或狀態(tài)。如 There used to be a house here . 不能用would 這里是表狀態(tài)。 3 used to 不可接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而would只談過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)，因此句中常有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。（always every day 或

21、表示時(shí)間的上下文。）,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,25,8 Need 的用法 1） need 的意思是“”需要，既是行為動(dòng)詞，又是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 作形為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，他具有一般動(dòng)詞的各種形式，（need、 needs、 needed 、needing）,與助動(dòng)詞（do、 does 、did ）連用構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句和否定句，后面接名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，只有一種形式，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形，與not 連用時(shí)構(gòu)need not的否定式，疑問(wèn)句把need提前。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,26,1)I need a new computer . 2)Your room need painting 3)He doe

22、snt need to work late into the night . 4)I need to get a new car . 5)Need he work so late ? yes, he must no , he neednt . 6)you neednt walk that fast , need you? 你不必走那么快，是嗎？,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,27,注意1： need 的被動(dòng)含義：need, want, require, worth（形容詞）后面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng)：need doing = need to b

23、e done 注意2： need 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用在肯定句中，只用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,28,9 dare的用法 1 它既可以作行為動(dòng)詞又可以作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞， 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問(wèn)句，否定句及條件句中，陳述句中很少使用但（I dare say ）除外。沒(méi)人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時(shí)態(tài)變化，過(guò)去時(shí)為dared. 否定式為darent . How dare you say Im unfair ? He dare not speak English before such a crowd , dare he ?,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,29,作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有時(shí)態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化

24、， 所不同的是，作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在肯定句中，其后常接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，但在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，其后的to 可省可不省。如： I dare to swim across this river . He does not dare (to) answer Dont you dare (to )touch it ?,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,30,10 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成反意問(wèn)句時(shí)，常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 She will come , wont she? 1）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是“ought to +動(dòng)詞原形”疑問(wèn)部分用ought , ought not , shouldnt +主語(yǔ)代詞。 He ought to b

25、e punished ,_ 2) 當(dāng)陳述部分是dare need 時(shí)，分情況而定。 如：They need to do it , You darent come ,oughtnt he ?,dont they ?,dare you ?,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,31,3) must 表推測(cè)時(shí)， 疑問(wèn)部分應(yīng)該根據(jù)其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)確定。(注意：當(dāng)must have done結(jié)構(gòu)中有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不用havent 而用didnt) 如：you must be Mr Li , _ you must have finished it , _ She must have read the book yest

26、erday ,_ 注：must 表示禁止時(shí)，附加部分最好不重復(fù)使用must 而用may You mustnt walk on grass , _ 注：could表示推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句附加部分構(gòu)成與must一致。 She couldnt have finished it yesterday, _,arent you ?,havent you ?,didnt she ?,did she ?,maymust you ?,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,32,11 表示推測(cè)的用法 can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推測(cè)，其用法如下： 1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推

27、測(cè)，此時(shí)動(dòng)詞通常為系動(dòng)詞。 I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。 At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,33,3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。 The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 地是濕的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,34,4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去正

28、在發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。 Your mother must have been looking for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你。 5）推測(cè)的否定形式，疑問(wèn)形式用cant, couldnt表示。 Mike cant have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财噥?lái)上班的。 注意：could, might表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)，其推測(cè)的程度不如can, may。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,35,12 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have +過(guò)去分詞 may(might) have + done sth

29、, can (could) have + done sth 表示過(guò)去，推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情。 Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,36,2)must have +done sth，對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，具有“肯定”，“諒必”的意思。 -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is stil

30、l here. -She must have gone by bus.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,37,3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth 本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示“不該做某事而做了”。 You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment. He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事實(shí)上已扔了。） ought to 在語(yǔ)氣上比should 要強(qiáng)。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,38,4) neednt ha

31、ve done sth 本沒(méi)必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip, but Ineednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5) would like to have done sth 本打算做某事 I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,39,8 should 和ought to should 和ought to 都為應(yīng)該的意思，可用于各種人稱。 -Ought he to go? -Yes. I think

32、 he ought to. 表示要求，命令時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣由 should（應(yīng)該）、had better最好）、must（必須）漸強(qiáng)。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,40,13 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答方式 問(wèn)句肯定回答否定回答 Need you?Yes, I must. No,I neednt Must you? Yes,you must. Neednt/dont have to.,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,41,典型例題 1）-Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course, you_. A. mightB. will C. can D. should 答案C. could表示委婉的

33、語(yǔ)氣，并不為時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中of course，表示肯定的語(yǔ)氣，允許某人做某事時(shí)，用can和 may來(lái)表達(dá)，不能用could或might。復(fù)習(xí)： will 與you連用，用來(lái)提出要求或下命令。should與you 連用，用來(lái)提出勸告。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,42,2）-Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. Ive told him already. A. neednt B. wouldntC. mustnt D. shouldnt 答案A。neednt 不必，不用。 wouldnt 將不, 不會(huì)的。 mustnt 禁止、不能。 shouldnt不應(yīng)該。本題為不需

34、要，不必的意思，應(yīng)用neednt。 3）-Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -_. A. I dont B.I wont C. I cantD. I havent 答案B.will既可當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表請(qǐng)求、建議、也可作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表“意愿、意志、決心”，本題表示決心，選B。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,43,14 區(qū)別微妙的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在近年來(lái)的高考試題中的難度日漸加大，不僅是由于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和心態(tài)等，而且這些往往是需用心體會(huì)而得的。由于語(yǔ)氣的暗示在題目中變得更隱蔽，語(yǔ)氣的變化更微妙，因而更綜合化了。 難點(diǎn)磁場(chǎng) 1.(

35、)I didnt hear the phone I_ asleep. A.must be B.must have been C.should be D.should have been 2.()We _ last night,but we went to the concert instead. A.must have studied B.might study C.should have studied D.would study 3.()John,you_ play with the knife,you_hurt yourself. A.wont;cant B.mustnt;may C.s

36、houldnt;must D.cant;shouldnt,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,44,4.()Its nearly seven oclock.Jack_ be here at any moment. A.mustB.need C.shouldD.can 5.()She_for what she has done,but why do you keep silent on it? A.ought to praise B.ought to have praised C.ought to be praised D.ought to have been praised 6.()If your boss is

37、 not right,you_him. A.mustnt obey B.dont have to obey C.wouldnt have obey D.cant have obey,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,45,7.()Shall I call a doctor for you? _.I will be better soon. A.Yes,you may B.No,you mustnt C.No,you neednt D.Id rather not 8.()Would you like to go shopping with me tonight? _. A.Id love so B.Ill lik

38、e to C.I would like thatD.Id love to 9.()He_ you more help,even though he was very busy. A.might have given B.might C.may have given D.may give 10.()Noise_ harmful in China. A.didnt use to be consideredB.usednt to consider C.didnt use to considerD.isnt used to be considered,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,46,案例探究 1.Will yo

39、u stay for lunch? Sorry,_ my brother is coming to see me. A.I mustntB.I cant C.I needntD.I wont 2.Sorry Im late.I_ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. (2000年春季高考北京) A.might B.should C.can D.will,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,47,命題意圖：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在一般疑問(wèn)句答語(yǔ)中的用法。本題屬四星級(jí)題。 知識(shí)依托：mustnt 不允許、禁止 cant客觀上不能辦到 need

40、nt不需要 wont不會(huì)，不愿意 錯(cuò)解分析：本題易誤選D，I wont，只考慮了將來(lái)時(shí)，而實(shí)際上，吃飯這件事是辦不到的。 解題方法與技巧：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在一般疑問(wèn)句中的問(wèn)和答的應(yīng)用，一般只涉及到詞的基本用法。can表示做某事的能力。意思是“能夠”“能”?；虮硎驹S可，在疑問(wèn)句中表示要求，否定句表示不許。 答案：B,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,48,命題意圖：本題考查對(duì)過(guò)去猜測(cè)的用法。屬五星級(jí)題。 知識(shí)依托：may/might/must+have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定猜測(cè)。 cant/couldnt+have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的否定猜測(cè)。 錯(cuò)解分析：本題易誤選B，而should have done表示應(yīng)該做而

41、實(shí)際上沒(méi)做，這和語(yǔ)意“我可能是把鬧鐘關(guān)掉后又睡了”是矛盾的，故應(yīng)選A。 解題方法與技巧：在這道題目中反映出的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)屬于高考的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，對(duì)于這種題目首先要弄清各種搭配的含義，然后再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選出正確答案。 答案：A,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,49,殲滅難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練 1.()Dont lock the door in case he_ back late at night. A.should comeB.might come C.will come D.would come 2.()You_worry about the old man.He_ well already.

42、A.dont need;gets B.neednt;may have got C.mustnt;got D.dont need to;may get 3.()Ive tried many times,but the car just_. A.wont start B.wouldnt start C.doesnt start D.didnt start 4.()Better set off at once,_? A.wont you B.shall we C.hadnt youD.wouldnt you,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,50,5.()I was really anxious about you_

43、 home without a word. (2001年高考) A.musnt leave B.shouldnt have left C.couldnt have left D.neednt leave 6.()Are you coming to Jeffs party? Im not sure.I _ go to the concert intead.(2000年高考) A.must , B.would C.should D.might 7.()Do you think he will do me a favour? As far as I know,he is the last one t

44、o help others.He _be prepared to give you a hand,though.（南京二模） A. might B. must C. can D. should,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,51,8.()You must have seen the film last night,_you? A.mustnt B.isnt C.didnt D.havent 9.()Its dark now.We have to stay here for the night, _ ? A. dont we B.havent we C. mustnt we D.shouldnt we 10.

45、()He _through the forest alone. A.dare walk B.dare to walk C.dares walking D.dares to walk,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,52,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考查熱點(diǎn)透視 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一，2008年對(duì)口升學(xué)英語(yǔ)第25、31題考查了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，全國(guó)普通高考各地試題對(duì)此都有考查。下面就近幾年來(lái)高考試題中出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納分析，以便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)掌握。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,53,25 Lucy , be careful next time . You _such a mistake . A dont make B have

46、not made C cant have made D shouldnt have made 31 My teacher promised that he _his camera to me . A would lend B lent C lends D will lend,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,54,一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè) 1. 肯定的推測(cè)一般用must, should, may（might）或could（不用can），其中，must的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，譯為“肯定”、“準(zhǔn)是”、“想必是”；should的語(yǔ)氣次之，譯為“很可能”、“應(yīng)該”，指按常理推測(cè)；may（might），could的語(yǔ)氣最弱，譯為“也許”、

47、“可能”。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,55,Helen _ go on the trip with us but she isnt quite sure yet. （2005年安徽卷） A. shall B. must C. may D. can Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake. It _ Harrys. He always wears green. （2005年廣東卷） A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be I have lost one of my gloves. I _ i

48、t somewhere.（2005年北京春季卷） A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to ,Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. （2005年湖北卷） A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,56,2. 否定推測(cè)分為兩種情況： 1）語(yǔ)氣不很肯定時(shí)

49、，常用may not, might not或could not，譯為“可能不”、“也許不”。 2）否定語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)時(shí)，則用cant，譯為“根本不可能”、“想必不會(huì)”，表示驚異、懷疑的感情色彩。,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,57,1)You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture. （2004年上海春季卷） A. must B. shall C. may D. need 2) Do you know where David is? I couldnt f

50、ind him anywhere. Well. He _ have gone farhis coats still here.（2005年湖北卷） A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt 3) Isnt that Anns husband over there? No, it _ be him Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. （2004年全國(guó)卷） A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,58,3. 疑問(wèn)句中的推測(cè)，往往用can或could。 Mr. Bush is o

51、n time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？（2001年上海春季卷） A. can B. should C. may D. must,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,59,4. 對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)常用“must, may, might等+完成式”；否定推測(cè)常用“can, could, may, might等+完成式”。 1)He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside. （200

52、5年北京卷） A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant 2)Tom is never late for work. Why is be absent today? Something _ to him. （2005年江西卷） A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened 3) My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he_your lecture.（2000

53、年上海卷） A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have atterded C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,60,二、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式” 1. “should（ought to）+完成式”表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做。其否定式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。 Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You_ her last week. （2004年福建卷） A ought to tell B would have told C

54、must tell D should have told Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach, I _ so much fried chicken just now. （2002年上海春季卷） A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,61,2. “could+完成式”表示本來(lái)能夠做成某事的但結(jié)果沒(méi)能做成，含有遺憾的意味。 He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. （2005年

55、山東卷） A. could B. would C. must D. need,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,62,3. “neednt+不定式的完成式”表示本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了某事。例如： You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不需要澆花的，因?yàn)樘炀鸵掠炅恕?Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. （2005年福建卷） A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done,桂長(zhǎng)元教學(xué)課件,63,三、常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1. shall用于一、二、三人稱疑問(wèn)句表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)；用于二、三人稱陳述句表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。 “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides，