1、第二章 語法填空考情動態(tài)分析與導(dǎo)練,主編 洪亮,語法填空九大考點(diǎn)突破,自由填空題即純空格 題所考查的語法項目,并列句與主從復(fù)合句,【典題探究1】解題并思考：空格連接兩個功能對等的單詞或短語時應(yīng)填什么？ (1) He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher. （08廣東高考） 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 but。因He was very tired是一個句子，he felt very happy也是一個句子，這兩個句子之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句

2、號，一定是填連詞；根據(jù)句意和兩句之間邏輯關(guān)系，可知“干了一整天活累極了”與“感到非常高興”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故空格填but。,but,(2) More women start to work in China _Taiwan, but not as many as it is in Japan.（2011惠州二模） 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】and?？崭袂昂笫窍嗤~，可以根據(jù)語境填寫連詞and。句意：越來越多的女人開始在中國和臺灣工作，但并不和在日本工作的一樣多。 【錦囊妙計1】若兩個或以上的單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，則可能是填_詞，如：題2。若兩句（有兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，那空格處必定是

3、填_詞，如：題1。如果空格連接兩個功能對等、平行的單詞或短語時，應(yīng)根據(jù)_、條件、_、選擇等邏輯關(guān)系填并列連詞and，or，but，while，when等。,and,連接,并列,連接,轉(zhuǎn)折,【典題探究2】解題并思考：空格所連接的是哪種句式？ (1) .the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house. （07廣東高考） 【思路點(diǎn)撥】who。who引導(dǎo)從句作介詞as to(關(guān)于)的賓語，同時在從句中

4、充當(dāng)主語。 (2) One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. （08廣東高考） 【思路點(diǎn)撥】 that。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，補(bǔ)充說明前面idea的內(nèi)容。,who,that,(3) Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.（2011廣東高考） 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)

5、】whom。先行詞是people指人，所以該空只能填whom作介詞to的賓語，to whom引導(dǎo)一個定語從句。,whom,(4) Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display. （09廣東高考） 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】where。因兩句之間沒有連詞，必定是填連詞；后句應(yīng)該是定語從句，要填的詞必須代替先行詞counter同時又在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。 (5) We understand this lesson best _ we receive gifts of love from ch

6、ildren.（2010廣東高考） 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 when?？疾闀r間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。,where,when,(6) They promise to take action, _ needed, “to maintain financial stability in the euro（歐元）area as a whole.”（2010廣州二模） when?？疾闀r間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 if/ when。引導(dǎo)狀語從句，從句省略they are。,if/ when,【錦囊妙計2】 （1）若兩個句子（有兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）之間，沒有句號或分號，也沒有連詞，那空格處必定是填_

7、詞，否則，句子結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。 （2）復(fù)合句是在簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上，通過從屬連詞將兩個或兩個以上的_句連接在一起而構(gòu)成的。即：復(fù)合句 = 簡單句 + 從屬連詞 + 簡單句。主句是一個完整的句子，它可以_存在。從句是一個_的句子，它必須由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，僅充當(dāng)主句的一個_。,連接,簡單,獨(dú)立,不完整,成分,（3）如果判定從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起名詞的作用（作主語、賓語、表語、同位語），則為_從句，再根據(jù)名詞性從句的連接詞在從句中的意義和作什么句子成分，來確定用什么_詞，如題1、題2。 （4）如果判定從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞的作用，則為_從句。再根據(jù)定語從句的先行詞和代表_詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么句子成

8、分，來確定用何關(guān)系,名詞性,連接,定語,先行,詞，若在從句中作主語或賓語，用關(guān)系_，若作狀語就用關(guān)系_，如題3、題4。 注意：I will never forget the days which we spent in the village. I will never forget the days when we worked in the village. She loves the house whose roof is red. （5）如果判定從屬連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起副詞的作用，則為_從句。再根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系或_詞在從句中作什么句子成分和意義，來確定合適的連詞，如：題5，題

9、6。,代詞,副詞,狀語,連接,I. 單句填空：在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。 Home was only two blocks away _ it was not a pleasant walk with one small boy fast asleep in the pram (手推嬰兒車)(2011 廣州調(diào)研) 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 but?？疾椴⒘芯洌昂蠓?句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。,but,2. Its really very dangerous. One more step, _ the child will fall into the well. (2011 廣東模擬) 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 and。通過分析

10、，One more step與the baby will fall into the well之間 有條件關(guān)系，屬于“祈使句（名詞短語） +and/ or.”句型，所以用and。句意：真危 險。再多邁一步，這個小孩就掉進(jìn)井里了。,and,3. _ no single women picked me up on my journey to Manchester with no doubt reflects the safety fear: a large, strangely dressed man is seen as dangerous. (2011廣 州六中模擬) 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 That。

11、引導(dǎo)主語從句?！皼] 有一個單身女性會搭載我到曼徹斯特，這 無疑就表明了一個安全問題：一個高大而 且穿著古怪的男人就是一個危險的信號?！?That,4. Keep in mind _ a talent unexposed is the talent unfound. (2011年湛江一模) 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 that。that引導(dǎo)從句作keep的 賓語。 5. The doctor explained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy _ he would be willing to give his blood to hi

12、s sister. (2011年珠海一模) 【名師導(dǎo)學(xué)】 if / whether。引導(dǎo)賓語從 句，意為“是否”。,that,if / whether,6. Hic! Youve just hiccupped(打嗝) for the tenth time since you finished dinner. Wonder _ these funny noises are coming from? (2011年廣州二模) 6. where。這種奇怪的聲音從哪里傳出來的，where引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 7. They spent a couple of days and nights on the fa

13、rm of _ would be considered a poor family. (2011中山一中月考) 7. what。因They spent和_ would be considered是兩個主謂關(guān)系，即兩個句子，之間沒有連詞、句號或分號，此空一定是填連接詞；又因would be considered前顯然缺少主語，而介詞(of)的從句是賓語從句，所以要填的詞是引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中作主語的連接代詞what。,where,what,8. It was a lesson to me _ its possible to give without expecting anything in

14、return. (2011廣東模擬) 8. that。that引導(dǎo)同位語從句“its possiblereturn”，是作lesson的同位語。 9. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains _ the area is called the Black Country. It got its name during the industrial revolution, _ factory pollution turned the local skies black and coal dust from the mines

15、 made the soil the same color. (2011廣州一模) 9. why；when。前一空解釋為什么叫黑區(qū)。由后面的 “it got its name during the industrial revolution”得知。后一空考查when引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，when 指代the industrial revolution 表示時間。,that,why,when,10. Things _ bother the diaphragm include eating too quickly or too much, stomachaches or feeling nervo

16、us. (2011廣州二模) 10. which/ that。which或that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾things。 11. However, being with people _ you cannot get away from might be even harder than being alone. (2011江門一模) 11. who/ whom?？疾槎ㄕZ從句，先行詞people是人。另：在從句中充當(dāng)賓語，故可用whom。,which/ that,who/ whom,12. And he added that the fine new house being built on the

17、 mountainside _ everyone was wondering about was his. (2011茂名一模) 12. which/ that?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞是house，而定語從句中缺賓語。 13. So the little girl went on with her bare feet _ were red and blue with cold. (2011年湛江二模) 13. that/ which。考查定語從句。修飾先行詞her bare feet。,which/ that,that/ which,14. Last year, it was even more

18、 embarrassing that the scene _some drunken employees set fire to one of the tables was viewed by other customers in the restaurant. (2011廣東六校聯(lián)考) 14. where。引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾the scene，在從句中作狀語。 15. Her only chance of recovery appeared to be a blood transfusion from her five-year-old brother, _ had miraculously

19、（奇跡般地） survived the same disease and had developed the antibodies （抗體） needed to fight the illness. (2011年珠海一模) 15. who。非限制定語從句，先行詞是前面的her five-year-old brother。,where,who,16. In contrast to the American cafes, _ offer countless ways to make drinks, French cafes have but a few options. (2011年肇慶二模) 1

20、6. which。考查非限制性定語從句。which指代the American cafes。 17. _ questioned where he got the money, he told them it was the money they gave him. (2011茂名一模) 17. When/ After?？疾闀r間狀語從句。此句省略了主語和be動詞。,which,When/ After,18. The poor little girl lost them in running across the street _ two carriages were passing by ter

21、ribly fast. (2011年湛江二模) 18. when?？疾闀r間狀語從句?！爱?dāng)她匆忙橫穿馬路的時候，兩輛馬車飛快地闖過來，嚇得她把拖鞋跑丟了?！?19. Mothers hugged and kissed their children _ they passed by, giving flowers and their blessings to the athletes. (2011年佛山一模) 19. when/ as。當(dāng)他們經(jīng)過的時候，as, when都有這個含義，它們有絲微區(qū)別，when表示passed的動作發(fā)生時刻，as表示kissed的動作一直伴隨passed過程。,whe

22、n,when/ as,20. _ you watch them, youll find the horse with the bell always checking on the blind one, and that the blind horse will listen for the bell and then slowly walk to _ the other one is, trusting he will not be led astray（迷路地）. (2011年汕頭一模) 20. As；where。前空考查時間狀語從句的用法；后空引導(dǎo)從句作介詞的賓語，where在從句中作地

23、點(diǎn)狀語。,As,where,II. 語篇模擬：閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。 (1) Computer programmer David Jones, 1 worked for a firm in Liverpool, earned35,000 a year by designing new computer games, 2 most young people of his age were studying in the school.Yet he couldnt find a bank 3 was ready to let him have a credit card (信用卡

24、). Instead, he was told to wait until he was 18, 4 he was old enough to get the rights.,who,while,which,when,Davids biggest headache was 5 he would do with his money. “I got the job 6 the manager knew I had written some programs already,” he said, “I had been studying computing 7 was not part of our

25、 studies at school for four years in my spare time. I knew 8 I wanted to do and never considered 9 (stay) on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway.” David added: “l(fā) would like to earn a million and I suppose 10 early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the mar

26、ket might disappear.”,what,because,which,what,that/不要,staying,(2) 1 is known to all, China covers more than 9.6 million square kilometers, 2 is the third largest country in the world. The Chinese nation consists of 56 nationalities, among 3 the Han Ethnic Group is the largest, making up 94% of the whole. Besides, there are many big rivers in China, the most import