1、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),倒裝語序分為“全部倒裝”和“部分倒裝”。在全部倒裝的句子中，整個(gè)謂語都放在主語的前面；在部分倒裝的句子中，只是謂語中的一部分（如助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞be等）放在主語前面，其余部分仍放在主語后面。下面將常見的倒裝情況分述如下：,一、由there, here 或now 等引起，謂語為come （或go）的句子，例如： There comes the bus! There goes the bell! Here comes Mary! Now comes your turn. 注：如果主語為人稱代詞，仍用自然語序，例如： There he comes! Here she comes!,

2、二、由then 引起，謂語為come（或 follow）的句子，例如： Then came a new difficulty. Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War. Then came wind, hail and frost.,三、由here（或there）引導(dǎo)，謂語為be的句子，如： Here is Chinas largest tropical forest. Here are some picture-books. 注：如果主語為人稱代詞，仍用自然語序，如： Here you are. / Here we are. /

3、Here it is. / There he is.,四、由so引起的，表示前面所說的情況也適用于另 一個(gè)人（或物）的句子，如： - “We must start for the work-site now.” - “So must we.” Society has changed and so have the people in it. He plays the violin quite well. So does my sister. He has been to Beijing, so have I. 注：如果一個(gè)句子只是重復(fù)前面一句話的意思， 盡管用so開頭，語序也不要倒裝，如： -

4、 It was cold yesterday. So it was! - Tomorrow will be Monday. So it will.,五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所說的情況 也適用于另一個(gè)人（或物）的句子，如： 1. - I wont do such a thing. Neither / Nor will I. 2. If you wont go, neither shall I. 3. - I havent done my homework. Neither / Nor have I. 4. I didnt read the notice on the bull

5、etin board, nor did he.,六、在if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中，如有助動(dòng)詞had, should或were時(shí)，可以省略if，進(jìn)行倒裝，如： 1.Had I come five minutes earlier, I would have met the famous scientist. (If I had come five minutes ) 2. Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something. 3.Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here. 4.Wer

6、e I ten years younger, I would be able to climb to the top of the hill. 5.Should you change your mind, let us know. (If I were you 不倒裝),七、在描寫情景時(shí)，有時(shí)為了生動(dòng)，可以把out, in, up, down, away等副詞放在主語前，同時(shí)主謂倒裝，如： 1.Up went the arrow into the air. 2. Up flew the red balloon. 3. Following the roar, out rushed a tiger

7、 from among the bushes. 注：如果主語是一個(gè)人稱代詞，謂語仍放在后面，如： Away they went. / Down it flew. / Up it went.,八、當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，可以把表語提到 前面來，采用 “形容詞（或副詞、名詞）+ as +主語+謂語” 這種形式，如： 1.Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study. 2. Child as he is, he knows something of electricity. 3.Tired as he was, he continu

8、ed to work. 4.Young as she was, she was already director of a factory.,九、當(dāng)always, often, well, many a time等詞放在句首時(shí)，后面常用倒裝語序，如： 1.Always did the soldier go to help the villagers. 2.Often did we warn them not to do so. 3. Well do I remember the day I saw a wild tiger. 4.Many a time did he go swimming i

9、n the river. 注：上述所說的詞不放在句首，不用倒裝語序。,十、only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放在 句首時(shí)，其后面的主語部分要進(jìn)行倒裝，如： 1.Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there. 2.Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 3.Only once did his father discuss his future with him. 4.Only yesterday did I realize what was going on. 5.Onl

10、y after he came back was I able to see him. 注：only修飾主語，仍用自然語序，如： Only socialism can save China.,十一、含有否定意義的副詞、連詞或短語構(gòu)成的狀語放在句首時(shí)，常用倒裝語序。 這些詞和詞組有：not, never, hardly, seldom, little, rarely, scarcely, not until, not onlybut also, neithernor, no soonerthan, hardlywhen , scarcelywhen等，例如： 1. Never shall I f

11、orget the day when I joined the League. 2. Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.,3. Not only did he read the book, but also remembered what he had read. No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. 5. Hardly / Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door

12、awakened her. 注：上面所說的詞和詞組如果不在句首，句子不必用倒裝語序。另外，not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，不用倒裝，如： Not only the students, but also the teacher wishes for a holiday.,十二、當(dāng)so（或such）that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such用于句首時(shí)，要采取倒裝語序，如： 1. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 2. So loudly did he speak that he wa

13、s heard upstairs. 3. So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 4. So angry was he that he couldnt speak. 5. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.,6.Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. 7.Such was his strength that he could bend iron bars. 注：such和be連用作表語時(shí)，也常用倒裝語序，如： 1. Such was the result. 2.Such were her words. 3. Such was the story he told.,十三、在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中也常用倒裝語序： 1. On a hill in front of them stood a great castle. 2. On the bed lay