1、簡單句的五種基本類型,授課人:陶國珍 2008年4月18日,簡單句（Simple Sentences） 由一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)構成的句子。 并列句 (Compound Sentences) 由并列連詞（and, but, or, so等）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構成的句子。 復合句 Complex Sentences 由一個主句和一個以上的從句構成的句子。 英語中千變萬化的句子歸根結底都是由簡單句的五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的,只要把這些基本句型弄清楚,你就會游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺這樣:,Practice makes perfect! -熟能生巧,

2、Do not worry!,一個完整的簡單句按結構分 由 “主語部分+謂語部分”構成 For example: The man is writing. (主語部分) (謂語部分),哲學上說: 運動是絕對的 靜止是相對的,造句的關鍵就在于動詞 一般而言,每個句子都應該有個動詞( 除了省略句外 ),動詞,連系動詞 主要動詞 行為動詞 助動詞 輔助動詞 情態(tài)動詞,be ( is am are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感覺/嘗/聞/聽起來(上去) become / turn /

3、 get / grow 變得,不及物動詞 laugh / smile / look / listen 及物動詞 see / hear / drink / eat,be (is/ am /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to/,can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better,連系動詞,be ( is am are was were) / seem /

4、 keep /是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / 看/感覺/嘗/聞/聽起來(上去) become / turn / get / grow / 變得,表語:表示主語是什么(身份)或者怎么樣(處于什么狀態(tài))。 由名詞、形容詞或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當。 和連系動詞一起構成謂語,也就是說: 連系動詞后面的就是表語!,He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice.

5、 Trees turn green. Your idea sounds good.,主語 連系動詞 表語,連系動詞,主系表結構（SVP） = 主語+連系動詞+表語,Mr. Li is a good teacher.,The movie is interesting/wonderful.,He feels hungry.,The flower looks beautiful.,主語Subject : 表示句子所說的是“什么人”或“什么事物” 。 也就是動作的發(fā)出者。 一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞、代詞的詞或短語等充當。,謂語Predicate : 說明主語“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么樣”。

6、也就是做了什么行為動作或處于什么狀態(tài)。 謂語（謂語部分里主要的詞）用動詞。,賓語Object : 表示動作、行為的對象。 也就是動作的接受者。 一般由名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的詞或短語等充當。,狗 咬 人 。 主語The dog 謂語bites 賓語a man,人 跑 。 主語The man 謂語 is running.,及物動詞是后面可以直接跟賓語的動詞: see / hear / drink / eat / I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a gl

7、ass of milk just now. 不及物動詞是后面不可以直接跟賓語的動詞: laugh / smile / look / listen / She smiled happily. They laughed loudly. 如果要加賓語,就要靠一個介詞來幫助: She look at the blackboard carefully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match.,什么是及物動詞和不及物動詞呢?!,The boy is fishing.,The girl dances w

8、ell.,The duck is swimming.,The woman walks slowly.,主謂結構（SV） = 主語+謂語動詞,不及物動詞,He likes basketball game.,He plays computer games every day.,He played soccer yesterday.,He is playing the guitar now.,及物動詞,主謂賓結構（SVO） =主語+謂語+賓語,有些詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞，那就要看意思上的區(qū)別了：,他們在放風箏。 They are flying the kites.,風箏在天上飛。 The ki

9、tes are flying in the sky.,He gave me a present.,She teaches us. She teaches English.,She teaches us English.,She told me a story.,及物動詞,主謂雙賓結構（SVOiOd） =主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語,可以用于這種句式的動詞主要有 (A) buy / build / choose / cook / make / draw He bought me a new bike. 也可以改為for sb 的句式 He bought a new bike for me. (

10、B) give / take / send / bring / show / write / sell / lend / pass / return / offer / read She lent me a book. 也可以改為 to sb的句式 She lent a book to me. (c) borrow/ get 也可以改為from sb的句式 She borrowed a book from me yesterday.,主謂賓賓補結構（SVOC） =主語+謂語+賓語+賓語的補足語,He told me to clean my room.,I saw her dancing.,Ou

11、r teacher asks us to read English every day.,及物動詞,可以用于這種句式的動詞主要有,let / make sb. do sth.,ask / tell / want / allow / wish / sb. to do sth. expect / encourage / invite / teach,find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.,help sb. (to) do sth.,_句 She is a very good girl . (_語) (

12、_詞) (_語) _句: They laughed. The kites fly in the sky. (_語) (_詞) (_語) (_詞) _句: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (_語) (_詞) (_語) (_語) (_詞) (_語) _句: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (_語) (_詞) (_語) (_語) (_語) (_詞) (_語) (_語) _句: He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (_語) (_詞) (_語)

13、(_語) (_語) (_詞) (_語) (_語),蠻簡單的哦! Let me try!,1 主系表: She is a very good girl . (主語) (連系動詞) (表語) 2 主謂: They laughed. The kites are flying in the sky. (主語) (謂語動詞) (主語) (謂語動詞) 3主謂賓: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) 4主謂賓賓: She told me a story. He gave me a good b

14、ook. (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) (賓語) (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) (賓語) 5主謂賓賓補 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) (賓語補足語) (主語) (謂語動詞) (賓語) (賓語補足語),Keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主謂賓,主謂,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playin

15、g happily.,判斷這些句子的類型并 理解be動詞的雙重身份 （連系動詞助動詞）,Exercise, Everything goes well. we exercise every day. we are sitting now. you are listening carefully. you are listening to me carefully. we are having an English class. I teach you English. last week I bought a gift for my son. I will write a letter to y

16、ou. we should keep our classroom clean every day. I know a little girl called Lily. we find it difficult to learn English. we felt very excited today. Trees are green.,Summary, Everything goes well. we exercise every day. we are sitting now. you are listening carefully. _主謂句 you are listening to me carefully. we are having an English class. I know a little girl called Lily