1、The Attributive Clause,that,既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。 在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略， 作賓語可省略。,which,只用于指物。 在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略， 作賓語可省略。,China is a great country that has about 5 000 years of history.,作主語，不能省略，可換which,China is a great country that has about 5 000 years of history.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語從句,Its a book which introduce

2、s China in detail.,作主語，不能省略，可換that,There are many places of interest which attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year.,作主語，不能省略，可換that,Could you tell me something about the places that you visited there? Thats the most fantastic place that I have been heard of.,作賓語，可以省略，可換 which

3、,作賓語，可以省略，可換which,The West Lake has become famous because of some beautiful poems that were written by Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo. It serves as a bridge which connects the mainland with the rest of the world. Northern people are used to eating food that is made with wheat flour.,Do P2 P6 P8,瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。 M

4、ary likes music that is quiet and gentle. （that作主語） 我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。 The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue. （that作賓語）,1. A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,2.He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man (that) I told you about.,Exercises:,This is a dream.

5、The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found. The dog was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practice: 地板上的那本書是我的。 The book which /that is on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主語. (不能省),（作主語）,which / that 作賓語 ： （可省略）,This is the car

6、d. Ive just received the card.,This is the card ( which / that ) Ive just received.,（作賓語）,Practice: 1.這就是我經(jīng)常犯得那個(gè)錯誤。 This is the mistake which /that I always make. 2.我仍然保存著她寫給我的信。 I still keep the letters which/that she wrote to me. 3. 我丟了我爸爸買給我的鋼筆。 I lost the pen which /that my father bought me.,tha

7、t和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用 that 而不用 which 。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the only book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything，none 等不定代詞時(shí), 用

8、that.,(2)先行詞被last, any , only ,few, little, much, all, no, very same, last等修飾時(shí), 用that.,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(shí)，用that.,Thats the most fantastic place (that) I have been heard of.,(4) 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，用that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. (5)當(dāng)主句是以which, who, what 開頭的特殊疑問句 時(shí)用 that

9、 . Who is the girl that drove the car? Which is the book that you bought last week? Who set up the first Huabiao that was made of wood? (6)當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用 that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.,that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用 which 而不用that。,a.先行詞為that、those時(shí)，用which。 Whats t

10、hat which is under the desk？ b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which。 This is the room in which he lives. c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用which。 Tom came back，which made us happy.,The home of tea, which has more than 4 000 years of history, is China.,that,既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。 在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可省略， 作賓語可省略。,who / whom,只用于指人。 在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時(shí)不可

11、省略。 whom作賓語可以用who 和 that 代替，也常省略。,People who live on the northern plains usually come and go by land.,作主語，不可省略，可以換that,He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. He was a Ming dynasty explorer whom the Chinese people are proud of.,作賓語，可用who或that代替，也可省略。,Sun Yat-s

12、en who led the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 was the first president of the Republic of China. The man who is giving a lecture is Confucius. Is there a person in Chinas history who has influenced you a lot?,1.The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.,2.The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is

13、smiling is Tom. (主語),The boy who has a round face is Tom.,3. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The man who sits in front of me is Tom.,4.The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (賓語),5.The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (whom) we saw on

14、 the street got the job.,6.The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.,7. The lady stepped on his foot. He was dancing with the lady.,The lady (whom) he was dancing with stepped on his foot.,8. Do you know the man? You will

15、visit him today.,Do you know the man whom you will visit today?,9.The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him.,The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.,The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab.,10.This is the boy. I sit behind him.,This is the boy (whom) I sit behind.,This is the b

16、oy behind whom I sit.,(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.,The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that,(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress that she is wearing is new. which ,that、which、who、whom的練習(xí)。,(3) He is the kind person

17、. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.,He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,He was also a famous philosopher whose wise saying have influenced many people in different countries.,誰的,

18、至理名言,whose 在定語從句中作定語，與 whose 后的名詞為所屬關(guān)系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物時(shí)可與 of which 互換使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue.,whose,Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,Mr King was quickly taken

19、to hospital. Her legs were badly hurt.,Her,We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story.,her,The chair whose legs are broken is being repaired now.,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.,The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,The boss of the compa

20、ny told the story about Ms King. His name was Mr Little.,His,The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department.,his,Do exercises : P11 P12 P14 P15,1） 當(dāng)定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時(shí)，who， that， which可省略，但介詞在關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)，只能用 “介詞+ which / whom” 結(jié)構(gòu)。 只能用which 指物 、whom 指人。 eg: This is the house in whic

21、h we lived last year. 這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。,注 意,2）含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如： This is the person whom you are looking for. 這就是你要找的那個(gè)人。,3）that 作介詞的賓語時(shí)，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。例如： The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市

22、非常遠(yuǎn)。,that和who/whom在指人的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下, 一般用 who而不用 that：,(1)先行詞是 one ,ones ,any ,few ,anyone, anybody ,someone, somebody, everyone, everybody 等詞時(shí)，只用who。 Is there anyone who can answer this question? (2)當(dāng)先行詞是those, she ,he ,they, people, person等詞時(shí), 用who. Those who were late for class raise your ha

23、nds. (3) 先行詞有較長的后置定語修飾時(shí)。,Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?,（4）在分隔式定語從句和非限制性定語從句中， 先行詞指人時(shí)，只能用who (whom)。如： There is only one student in this school who(m) I want to see. My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a present just before this Christmas. (5

24、)兩個(gè)定語從句同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)指人的先行詞，第二個(gè) 定語從句用who來引導(dǎo)。 She is the only girl I know who can play the piano.,when, where, why,定語從句中的關(guān)系副詞：,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,Do you know the reason why she was late.,It rained heavily, for wh

25、ich he was late for the class.,when 作時(shí)間狀語: She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when she was married.,It was the year. The World War broke out in the year.,It was the year when the World War I broke out.,where 作地點(diǎn)狀語,I want to know the place. I was bor