1、簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型,英語(yǔ)句子的種類(lèi)(按結(jié)構(gòu)）,簡(jiǎn)單句 (simple sentence),并列句 (compound sentence),復(fù)合句 (complex sentence),主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),Vt（及物動(dòng)詞）,系動(dòng)詞,Vi（不及物動(dòng)詞）,英語(yǔ)句子基本成分示意圖,簡(jiǎn)單句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子 英語(yǔ)中千變?nèi)f化的句子歸根結(jié)底都是由簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型組合、擴(kuò)展、變化而來(lái)的,只要把這些基本句型弄清楚,你就會(huì)游刃有余了,2.A crane eats fish. 3.A Swan has a long thin neck. 4.A swallow

2、has a forked tail.,1.A golden eagle is flying.,Subject(主語(yǔ)),S 動(dòng)作發(fā)出者,Verb（謂語(yǔ)）,V 動(dòng)作本身,Direct Object（賓語(yǔ)）,DO 動(dòng)作承受者,1. S + V 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) 主謂結(jié)構(gòu),2. S + V + O 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ),Vi 不及物動(dòng)詞,后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ),Vt 及物動(dòng)詞,后面必須有賓語(yǔ),SV和SVO的注意點(diǎn),1.They are running. 2.Jim can draw. 3.The baby pandas drink milk. 4.We will read English.,run draw vi.(不及

3、物 動(dòng)詞）,drink read vt.（及物動(dòng)詞）,注意: 1.謂語(yǔ)(V)具有各種不同時(shí)態(tài); 進(jìn)行時(shí)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；現(xiàn)在時(shí)； 以及將來(lái)時(shí) 2. 在句中先找主語(yǔ) subject 再找謂語(yǔ)部分 如是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能直接加賓語(yǔ) 如是及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須有賓語(yǔ)。 其后有沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)是S+V和S+V+O判斷標(biāo)志 3. 如果對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn)使用疑問(wèn)詞what.,1. S + V,1. S + V + O,What do the baby pandas drink?,What will we read?,動(dòng)詞 + to do: learn/prepare/would like/need/have/ try /want

4、/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide 這就是我們常見(jiàn)的 動(dòng)詞+ to do 句型 動(dòng)詞 + doing sth:mind/finish/practise 這就是我們常見(jiàn)的 動(dòng)詞+ doing 句型 動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)從句: think/believe/ be sure/be afraid /say/ know/find,The government wants to protect the endangered birds.,S,V,O,I will finish doing homework soon.,S,V,O,I think that you can do the

5、job.,S,V,O,I like the golden eagle.,It has a hooked beak.,It looks strong.,It is lovely.,linking verbs(系動(dòng)詞),V,1. S + V(lv) + P 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞) + 表語(yǔ),系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ),表語(yǔ):表示主語(yǔ)是什么(身份)或者怎么樣(處于什么狀態(tài)),be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / 看/感覺(jué)/嘗/聞/聽(tīng)起來(lái)(上去) become / turn

6、/ get / grow / 變得,常見(jiàn)的連系動(dòng)詞 1.表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞5個(gè)-翻譯為 起來(lái) feel感到 excited; smell good; taste delicious; sound interesting; look happy 2.表示變化的動(dòng)詞：有固定的搭配 get smaller; grow older; become stronger; turn yellow; go bad; come true 3.表示狀態(tài)保持的動(dòng)詞： stay healthy; keep warm; remain保持 be (am,is.are,was,were)是 ；seem似乎,必須是這三類(lèi)專(zhuān)門(mén)的詞

7、，而且必須表達(dá)這個(gè)特殊的含義時(shí)才是系動(dòng)詞。,1 The man is in the park. 2 He looks kind. 3 He is a kind man. 4 The singing of birds sounds beautiful. 5 The world will become better.,lv,lv,lv,lv,lv,P（介詞短語(yǔ)）,P（adj）,P(adj),P（n名詞短語(yǔ)）,P(adj形容詞比較級(jí)),表語(yǔ) P成分可以是 形容詞，名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)(形名介),She often laughs. 2. She is laughing now. 3. She will la

8、ugh soon. 4. She is singing happily. She is singing a song. She is a singer. She is happy.,(S + V+O),(S + V),(S + V),(S + V),(S + V),區(qū)分進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和SVP中l(wèi)v是Be動(dòng)詞的情況,注意: 1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)與主系表結(jié)構(gòu)有區(qū)別: 關(guān)鍵要看be動(dòng)詞后接的是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞ing形式還是表語(yǔ)(形名介).,(S + V+P),Happily adv修飾動(dòng)詞sing vi,A song 是名詞做賓語(yǔ) sing vt,a singer 名詞表語(yǔ) happy 形容詞表語(yǔ),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)

9、在進(jìn)行時(shí),一般將來(lái)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)(V)具有各種不同時(shí)態(tài),We call the man David.,a zookeeper,OC(賓補(bǔ)),Object Complement,OC,I make him angry.,He tells us to protect the birds,David,S + V + DO + OC 主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ),We call,the man,David,1 僅僅使用主謂賓無(wú)法說(shuō)明完整句意 必須添加補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)情況 判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是在DO和OC中間可否加be動(dòng)詞,S + V + DO + OC 主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ)句型,the man,is,David,此處為

10、 名詞賓補(bǔ),可接名詞賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有call/elect/name/find,I make,him,angry,1 僅僅使用主謂賓無(wú)法說(shuō)明完整句意 必須添加補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)情況 判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是在DO和OC中間可否加be動(dòng)詞,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ)句型 簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) 主謂賓補(bǔ),He,is,此處為 形容詞賓補(bǔ),可接 形容詞賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有keep/make/find,We often find,him,in the zoo,1 僅僅使用主謂賓無(wú)法說(shuō)明完整句意 必須添加補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)情況 判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是在DO和OC中間可否加be動(dòng)詞,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ)句型 簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) 主謂賓補(bǔ),He,is,此處為 介短賓補(bǔ),可接 介短

11、賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有keep/see/notice/find,He tells,us,to protect the birds,1 僅僅使用主謂賓無(wú)法說(shuō)明完整句意 必須添加補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)情況 就是我們常見(jiàn)的 動(dòng)詞+ sb + to do 詞組,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ)句型 簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) 主謂賓補(bǔ),此處為 帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ),He tells us to protect the birds.,常見(jiàn)的可接帶to不定式賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite V + O + OC (V sb to do sth),My deskmate often

12、 makes me laugh.,常見(jiàn)的可接不帶to不定式當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： 一感二聽(tīng)三讓五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe V + O + OC (V sb do sth),He keeps me waiting.,常見(jiàn)的可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： Keep 和 see,hear,feel,watch,find V + O + OC (V sb doing sth),I often hear David _ when I stay at home,

13、 but yesterday I was very angry because I heard him _ in his room at midnight. A sing; sang B singing; singing C sing; singing D sing; sing,C,感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形和動(dòng)詞-ing形式做賓補(bǔ) 含義不同,He spoke loudly to make himself heard.,常見(jiàn)的可接動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： Have, make, get,see,hear,feel,watch,find V + O + OC (V sb done),Can yo

14、u hear someone playing basketball next door?,He came home at midnight and found his money stolen.,V sb done,V sb doing sth,1 I find you clever. 2 We will make our country stronger and stronger. 3 They can keep the zoo clean. 4 Parents wish their children to study hard. 5 We often make the teachers h

15、elp us.,DO,DO,DO,DO,DO,OC (adj),OC 形容詞 比較級(jí),OC adj,OC to do 不定式,OC 動(dòng)詞原形,?？嫉闹髦^賓補(bǔ)句型：,一個(gè)非常特殊的句型 I found it interesing to learn English.,動(dòng)詞（make/feel/find/consider/think)+ it + 賓補(bǔ) + 真正賓語(yǔ),I felt it useful to learn English.,we shouldnt give any food.,the birds,S,V,DO（直接賓語(yǔ)) Direct object,IO(間接賓語(yǔ)),Indirect O

16、bject,He tells me some rules.,S + V + IO + DO 主 +謂 + 間賓+直賓句型,I pass,He bought,him,a book,his son,a present.,to,for,雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是 可否將兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)順序替換并加介詞to/for,S + V + IO + DO 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ),加to: bring/ give/ offer/ pass/ show/ sell/ tell/ send/ lend/ return/ hand 加for: buy/ choose/ draw/ make/ order/ p

17、aint/ sing/ save,3 Many boys are running.,1 I feel excited.,4 He gave Tom a present.,5 I find it interesting.,6 Music sounds beautiful.,7 I am a student.,8 She bought a pen for me.,9 I saw her dance.,2 They are watching TV.,主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞) + 表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（及）+賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物）,主 +謂 + 間賓+直賓句型,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ),主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)

18、詞) + 表語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞) + 表語(yǔ),主 +謂 + 間賓+直賓句型,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ),10. I call him LiMing.,主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ),11. She spoke very softly. 12. He bought a T-shirt. 13. Jay named his dog Bobby. 14. She looks lovely.,主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（不及物）,主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（及）+賓語(yǔ),主 +謂 + 賓+賓補(bǔ),主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞) + 表語(yǔ),?？嫉闹髦^賓補(bǔ)句型：請(qǐng)找出賓補(bǔ) 1 We name our city Yangzhou. 2 The student

19、s make Daniel monitor. 3 Everyone should make the classroom clean. 4 Millie found the movie very interesting. 5 I left the book at home. 6 They finally found the pen under the book.,7 My teacher let the boy stand an hour. 8 I heard him sing a song last night. 9 I watch our team playing football. 10

20、I heard him singing at 12 last night. 11 My mother keeps me waiting an hour. 12 We saw Kitty dancing at that moment. 13 I would like/want you to do a bird count. 14 Mr. Tang teaches me how to read a book.,練習(xí):下列句子分別屬于哪一基本句型A . 主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)B . 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)C .主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)D .主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)E .主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),( )1. The

21、 flower smells sweet . ( )2. I visited my teacher last Sunday . ( )3. They are dancing . ( )4. Mrs. Black helped his son brush his teeth . ( )5. Jenny bought a watch for him.,( )6. His mother sent him a new watch . ( )7. I often hear her sing in the next room. ( )8. The girl opened the door . ( )9.

22、Mary and Lynn live in Taiyuan . ( )10. She looks like her mother .,( )11. You should study hard . ( )12. The children play football on the playground every afternoon.,( )13. The weather is getting warmer and warmer . ( )14. We painted the wall white . ( )15. He asked me to go swimming with him .,( )

23、16. On Sunday many people have a walk in the park. ( )17. Miss zhang has taught us maths for two years . ( )18. Tom and John are the best students in our class. ( )19. He did everything to help the poor . ( )20. She asked me my telephone number .,Has taught maths to us,易考的混淆點(diǎn) 一 The food tastes _(del

24、icious). S + V(lv) + P I will taste the food _ (good). S + V(Vt) + O His father looked _ (angry) S+V(lv) + P His father looked _ (angry) at him. S + V(Vi+介詞) + O,delicious,well,angry,angrily,1 三類(lèi)專(zhuān)門(mén)詞，而且表達(dá)這種特殊含義才是系動(dòng)詞。 有的詞具備多種含義所以具備多種詞性,易考的混淆點(diǎn) 一 1 He looks _ because his son is looking _ at the bird. A

25、happy,happily B happily, happily C happily, happy D happily, happy _, he can stay in Hongkong for two days. However, after he heard good news, he stayed very _. A Luckily; calm B Lucky; calm C Lucky; calmly D Luckily; calmly,A,1 三類(lèi)專(zhuān)門(mén)詞，而表達(dá)特殊的含義才是系動(dòng)詞。 有的詞具備多種含義所以具備多種詞性,A,易考的混淆點(diǎn) 二 1 The food tastes _ A good B well 2 We should stay _ during the earthquake. A calm B calmly 3 The young boy becomes _A more and more surprised adj B more and more surprisedly adv C more and more surprise n