1、Unit one,family, Teaching purpose: 1. definition and functions of a family in society Definition: A fundamental social group in society typically consisting of a man and woman and their offspring FAMILY = Father And Mother I Love You Functions: The harmoniousness of a family is the basis of the whol

2、e society. A. help to stabilize the society B. act as a productivity power C. multiply offspring for a nation,D. boost the social productivity by family consume E. intensify peoples sense of national adscription and inspire their passions to sacrifice for their country in wartime 2. rights and oblig

3、ations of an individual (family member) for his family and his country Parents should bring up their children. Children should support their parents. Respecting the old and loving the young is our Chinese traditional virtue.,3. differences between a Chinese and a west family A. family patterns at pr

4、esent single parent family joint or extendedfamily (with two or more nuclear families) mixed (parents) family nuclear family (parents with an unmarried child or children) stem family (parents with a married child or children) lineal family (共祖家庭，直系家庭),B. Family patterns in the past consanguine famil

5、y (血緣家庭, from marriage between brother and sister with a kin) group marriage family (氏族)群婚家庭, from marriage between different clans, but having several husbands or wives simultaneously punaluan family (彭那魯亞家庭, 亞氏族群婚家庭, from marriage of brothers having one wife or sisters having one husband) syndynas

6、mian or pairing family (偶婚家庭, from marriage of one husband having one wife or vice versa),C. The most ideal family pattern in China (Four-generation-under-the-same-roof, before the May 4th Movement of 1919): There is a big, extended family. Family members stay together. The old are respected and the

7、 young are loved. Children have enough care from their parents. The old try to give children all they can and expect them to be well-educated, and become decent adults.,D. The ideal family patterns in west countries: DINK: dual income, no kids (丁克家庭) DINKY: dual income, no kids yet (丁克家庭) DENK: dual

8、 employed, no kids (丁客家庭) DEWK: dual employed, with kids (多客家庭) NILKY: no income, lots of kids (無(wú)收入多子女的家庭),Change of number of family member: From early time to the middle of 20th century: 5-6 1393: 5.68 1812: 5.33 1875: 5.5 1934-1935: 5.5 1930: 5.6 1949: 4.7 1965: 4.5 1978: 4.4 1982: 4.3 1985: 4.1,

9、the Lost Generation (“迷惘的一代”，20世紀(jì)初 ) Baby Boom Generation (“高峰兒一代”，二戰(zhàn)后。Fear war and conscription, pioneer of sexual revolution and drug-taking ) the Silent / Silence Generation (“沉默的一代” ，50年代 ) the Beat Generation (“跨掉的一代” ，50年代 ) the Me Generation (“自我的一代”，50年代) Generation X (“無(wú)名的一代”，60年代: 1965-197

10、7. Fear unemployment, cynical, irresponsible, indifferent, materialist),Generation Y (“未知的一代”，70年代: Gen Y; Ygen,1978-1998. Worry about AIDS, extremely self-confident, cynical) internet, cell phone, DVD, satellite, short message, TiVo (數(shù)字錄象設(shè)備), iPod (Inductive Potential Divider 電感性電位分壓器), electronic

11、pet, tube baby, Millennials, Echo Boomers, iGeneration, D.A.R.E (Digital Art Reveals Expression), Google, MySpace, Nintendo (任天堂) 1974-1985: MTV times 1980s-1990s: Internet times 1990s-2000s: new silent times,hippies (60年代的“嬉皮士”, They deny social system, material progress, sexual standards, etc. The

12、y seek to express the interpersonal relationships of the way of the love directly. They wear the long hair, grow a beard, unusual or exotic dress, often live together, and take drug.) yippies (youth international party, 70年代的“易皮士”，一個(gè)松散的激進(jìn)青年組織, They pursue money and indulge in material comfort, use v

13、arious famous brand while being loyal while being hot.) yuppies (young urban professionals, 80年代的“雅皮士”，城市少壯職業(yè)人士),bluppies (black yuppies, “黑人雅皮士”) guppies (gay urban professionals, “同性戀雅皮士”) yappies (young affluent professionals, “耶皮士”) muppies (middle-aged urban professionals, “瑪皮士”，都市中年職業(yè)人士) woopi

14、es (well-off older person, “富皮士”，富有的老年人) yeepies (youthful energetic elderly people involved in everything, “逸皮士”，積極投身各種活動(dòng)精力充沛的老人) sippies (senior independent pioneers, “夕皮士”，指55歲到80歲已婚、健康、有固定收入的消費(fèi)者),yuffies (young urban failure，“雅廢士”，失敗的城市青年) zippies (zen-inspired propoia pagans，“茲皮士、滋皮士”) Zippies

15、are those who are pursuing higher living standard and will try every way they can to grasp every possible opportunity to gain success. zuppies (zestful upscale people in their prime，“祖皮士”，指正當(dāng)年壯、事業(yè)處于上升階段的人士）,Discussion What kind of family is a happy family? What is an unhappy one? All happy families

16、resemble one another; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own fashion. (Leo Tolstoy) 幸福的家庭彼此相似，不幸的家庭各有不幸。（列夫托爾斯泰）,Passage A A Thankful Woman and Mother A Cornucopia of Thanks I. About the author Debbie Farmer (黛比) Debbie Farmer is a syndicated humorist and a mother holding down the fort in Antioc

17、h (安提俄克,古敘利亞首都,現(xiàn)土爾其南部城市) and her column Family Daze appears in newspapers across the United States. Debbie Farmers unique style of writing connects with parents across the country.,Contact information: She can be reached at , or by writing .,II. Analysis of the text Cornucopia: (Greek Mythology) The

18、 horn of the goat that suckled Zeus, which broke off and became filled with fruit. In folklore, it became full of whatever its owner desired. 【希臘神話】豐饒之角：哺乳了宙斯的山羊的角，后來(lái)脫落并裝滿了水果。在神話中，它裝滿其主人希望得到的任何東西。,cornucopia ,k:njukupj 1. a goats horn filled with grain and flowers and fruit symbolizing prosperity 2.

19、 the property of being extremely abundant Our cornucopia is the human mind and heart. 我們富足是由于人類的智慧和熱情。 WALK into almost any big supermarket in America and you will find a cornucopia of food. 隨便走進(jìn)一家美國(guó)的大型超市，你幾乎都會(huì)看到極度豐盛的食品。 The symbols of Helios were horses heads, a crown of seven rays, a cornucopia ,

20、and a ripened fruit. 赫利奧斯的象征物是馬頭、七彩王冠、羊角盛器和成熟的水果。,horn of plenty豐饒之角,在希臘神話里，主神宙斯(Zeus)的父親是克洛諾斯(Cronos)，母親是瑞亞(Rhea)。預(yù)言說(shuō)：克洛諾斯的統(tǒng)治將被一子推翻。克洛諾斯非常害怕，就把自己的子女都吞進(jìn)肚里。宙斯生下來(lái)后，他的母親瑞亞用一塊石頭代替宙斯裹在襁褓中，以假亂真，被克洛諾斯一口吞下去。瑞亞把宙斯托付給仙女阿瑪爾忒亞(Amalthea)扶養(yǎng)，阿瑪爾忒亞是一只母山羊，她用自己的乳汁喂養(yǎng)宙斯。 有一次，阿瑪爾忒亞與小宙斯玩耍時(shí)，宙斯不小心弄斷了她的一只羊角，仙女梅麗莎(Melissa)趕緊

21、為阿瑪爾忒亞醫(yī)治傷痛。宙斯撿回那只羊角，為了表示補(bǔ)償和感激之意，宙斯賦予它神奇的功能，羊角能源源不斷地 供給主人所要求的任何東西。 從那時(shí)起，那只羊角就被叫做 “Horn of Amalthea”或者“Cornucopia”， 象征著永久的富饒。所以在英語(yǔ)中， horn of plenty也就成了“富裕豐饒的象征”。,Structure:,Part I : Para 1-3 She found new meanings of ThanksgivingPart II : Detailed differencesPart III :(the last two ps) The only thing

22、that remains unchanged.,She found new meanings of ThanksgivingYounger: a ton of time, everything Mother: priorities clearly changed cornucopia: abundance a of +CN, UN sure (American oral) adv =sure enough surely,priority,-sth deserving prior attention In that respect, it has a kind of priority over

23、the hells or the underworlds of Homer and Virgil. 在這一點(diǎn)上，它優(yōu)勝于荷馬與維吉爾筆下描繪的,那些地獄或陰間。,A ton of gold黃金萬(wàn)兩 a ton of stuff許許多多的東西 A ton of coal一頓煤 A ton of choices Me, too, Ive got a ton of homework. 我也是，我有一堆作業(yè)沒(méi)做完呢。 More than a ton of confetti, little pieces of paper, rains down on the crowd. 一噸多小紙片大小的五彩紙屑雨點(diǎn)

24、般灑落在人群之中。 If captain and crew had had a ton of food with milk, they could have held out indefinitely. 如果船長(zhǎng)和船組人員有一噸食物加上牛奶，他們就可以無(wú)限期地堅(jiān)持下去了。,end up:,+ prep p: Wasteful people usually end up in debt.If you continue to steal youll end up in prison.+adj If he carries on driving like that, hell end up dead.

25、+doing Well end up paying much more.,Velcro: “維可牢牌”尼龍搭扣 A trademark used for a fastening tape consisting of a strip of nylon with a surface of minute hooks that fasten to a corresponding strip with a surface of uncut pile, used especially on cloth products, such as outerwear, luggage, and athletic s

26、hoes. 維可牢：一種尼龍刺粘搭鏈的商標(biāo)，該搭鏈由一條表面有細(xì)小鉤子的尼龍條與表面有毛圈的對(duì)應(yīng)的尼龍條粘合面構(gòu)成，尤指用于布制品上，如外套、箱包以及田徑鞋等。,activate,V.1. put in motion or move to act 2. make active or more active activate an old file 3. make more adsorptive activate a metal 4. aerate (sewage) so as to favor the growth of organisms that decompose organic mat

27、ter 5. make (substances) radioactivecf stimulate, fan, motivate, needle,So our group set out to find the signals that activate those genes. 因此，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)決定要找出哪些訊息可以活化這些基因。 Learning proper technique and how to activate more muscle fibers at once increases strength. 學(xué)習(xí)適當(dāng)?shù)募记?，和如何去活?dòng)更多的肌肉纖維然后馬上增加力量。 In partic

28、ular, huntington appears to activate the on switch, or promoter, of the gene that encodes BDNF. 更特別的是，杭丁頓蛋白似乎活化了負(fù)責(zé)制造BDNF基因的開(kāi)關(guān)（稱為啟動(dòng)子）。,hurl h:l,n. a violent throw v. 1. throw forcefully 2. make a thrusting forward movement 3. utter with force; utter vehemently hurl insults cf let drop hurl-curl卷曲， wh

29、irl漩渦，旋轉(zhuǎn)v, n,curl k:l,n. 1. a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals) 2. American chemist who with Richard Smalley and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1933) 3. a strand or cluster of hair v. 1. form

30、a curl, curve, or kink the cigar smoke curled up at the ceiling 2. shape ones body into a curl She curled farther down under the covers 3. wind around something in coils or loops 4. twist or roll into coils or ringlets curl my hair, please 5. play the Scottish game of curling,INSIDER TIP: For a rela

31、xed wave the curl should start below the ear-line. 專業(yè)建議：為了卷發(fā)看上去慵懶自然，應(yīng)該從耳朵下方開(kāi)始卷頭發(fā)。 Do you want a big fluffy chair that swallows you up?Do you want a chair that you can curl up in sideways? 你是要一個(gè)自己能陷入其中的蓬松式椅子呢，還是一個(gè)可以讓你蜷縮在旁邊的椅子？ The stream showed clear and smooth-looking in the glasses and, below the c

32、url of falling water, the spray from the dam was blowing in the wind. 小河在望遠(yuǎn)鏡里顯得清澈而平靜，打著漩渦的水從攔水壩瀉下來(lái)，底下的水花在風(fēng)中飛濺。,Hurl them into the abyss! 把他們投到深淵里去！ You therefore didnt need to hurl an expensive canister across the solar system to find out. 因此，用不著投擲一個(gè)昂貴的罐罐穿越太陽(yáng)系去查明真相。 Saloon bar patriots may be happy

33、to read tabloid newspapers which take every opportunity to hurl abuse at continential neighbours . 沙龍酒吧里的那些愛(ài)國(guó)分子很喜歡閱讀通俗小報(bào)，因?yàn)檫@些小報(bào)總是抓住一切機(jī)會(huì)去抨擊鄰國(guó)。,Respond to the reading (p7-8): (Para.4-5) Before she had children, her priority sounded like grand concerns: her country, democracy, freedom or power of her n

34、ation. But now her priority was her children, and the things they did, such as hearing the sound of her son taking off shoes, and hurling them out of the car windows. 1. (Para.6-7) She was concerned about environmental protection before having children. But now her priority was her children. She car

35、es more about comfort and convenience of her sons clothes.,whirl hw:l n. 1. confused movement he was caught up in a whirl of work 2. the shape of something rotating rapidly 3. a usually brief attempt I gave it a whirl 4. the act of rotating rapidly v. 1. turn in a twisting or spinning motion 2. caus

36、e to spin 3. flow in a circular current, of liquids 4. revolve quickly and repeatedly around ones own axis The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy 5. fly around rising smoke whirled in the air,Cf n.旋轉(zhuǎn)，回旋；昏亂；一連串的事；短暫的旅行revolution, rotation, rolling, turning vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)，回旋；急走；頭暈眼花wheel,

37、circle, spin vt.使旋轉(zhuǎn)；卷走，飛快地帶走turn, spin, swing,In a whirl of transactions, the risk of sharp practice, including insider dealing, may well grow. 在這一連串的交易中，產(chǎn)生更多欺詐行為（包括內(nèi)幕交易）的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)大大增加。 I ran to him, heart pounding, knowing that this time he wouldnt be able to lift me and whirl me round. 我跑向他，心怦怦地跳著。我知道這回

38、他不可能再像從前那樣將我托起，原地轉(zhuǎn)幾個(gè)圈了。 Advertisers said they were happy to give it a whirl, especially given the cheap price tag, even if they did not see an overwhelming response. 出版商們也很樂(lè)意嘗試這種做法，特別是當(dāng)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)作相當(dāng)廉價(jià)的情況下，即便目前看來(lái)并沒(méi)有什么很強(qiáng)烈的回應(yīng)。,2. (Para.8-9) Before she had children, she made a point of eating healthy food, suc

39、h as fresh and organic vegetables. But now, with children, she was more concerned about convenience of cooking. She uses microwaves and precooked food more.,overflowing ,uvflui,adj. n 1. overfull with water 2. covered with water an overflowing tub n.溢流，過(guò)剩；溢出物surplus, flow-off adj.過(guò)剩的，溢出的；充滿的full, su

40、rplus, redundant,His heart is overflowing with gratitude. 他的心中充滿感激之情。 They allow used dishes, cups and utensils to pile up in the sink until it is overflowing. 探摸把用過(guò)的盤(pán)子，杯子和一些器皿都堆積在水剿里直到?jīng)]地方放。 Mother opened the box to find a big white enamel dishpan - overflowing with crimson satin that spilled out ac

41、ross her lap. 母親打開(kāi)盒子，里面是一個(gè)大的白色搪瓷洗碟盆盆中容納不下的深紅色鍛子拖墜到母親的腿上。,landfill lndfil,n. a low area that has been filled in n.垃圾填埋地；垃圾堆cf laystall, rubbish dump,diaper daip,n. 1. garment consisting of a folded cloth drawn up between the legs and fastened at the waist; worn by infants to catch excrement 2. a fabr

42、ic (usually cotton or linen) with a distinctive woven pattern of small repeated figures Cf didy, nappy disposable diaper 一次性尿片，紙尿褲,I put baking soda in my diaper pail to help with odors. 在嬰兒尿布桶里放些小蘇打可以去除味道。 Cloth diaper may be folded in a triangle or a rectangle. 用布做的尿布可以疊成三角形或長(zhǎng)方形。 For Baby: To redu

43、ce chafing and to keep skin smooth and soft, use after bath and diaper change to help absorb excess wetness. 嬰兒：為了減少皮膚發(fā)炎和保持皮膚光滑，柔軟，使用后浴缸和尿布的變化，以幫助吸收多余濕度。,blimp blimp n. . a small nonrigid airship used for observation or as a barrage balloon,organic :nik,organic matter 有機(jī)質(zhì)；有機(jī)物；有機(jī)物質(zhì) organic synthesis

44、化有機(jī)合成 organic chemistry 有機(jī)化學(xué) organic solvent 有機(jī)溶劑 organic pollutants 有機(jī)污染物,n. organic :nik a fertilizer that is derived from animal or vegetable matter adj. 1. relating or belonging to the class of chemical compounds having a carbon basis hydrocarbons are organic compounds 2. of or relating to or de

45、rived from living organisms organic soil 3. being or relating to or derived from or having properties characteristic of living organisms organic life organic growth organic remains found in rock 4. involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs an organic disease 5. of or relating to foodstuff g

46、rown or raised without synthetic fertilizers or pesticides or hormones organic eggs organic vegetables organic chicken 6. simple and healthful and close to nature an organic lifestyle 7. constitutional in the structure of something (especially your physical makeup),micro maikru,adj. extremely small

47、in scale or scope or capability,microfilm maikrufilm vt. 縮微拍攝 vi. 縮微拍攝 microcode maikrkud n. 計(jì)微碼,survive,continue to live; endure or last 同endure,go,hold out,hold up,last,live,live on,survive continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) He survived the cancer against all odds 同come through,make

48、it,pull round,pull through,survive 反succumb,yield,The speaker claims that competition teaches inferior enterprises how to survive and develop. 發(fā)言人稱競(jìng)爭(zhēng)教會(huì)了較差的企業(yè)如何去生存與發(fā)展。 In reality the question we are asking is, How many links can we break and still have a species survive? 事實(shí)上，我們要問(wèn)的問(wèn)題是，我們究竟可以切斷多少聯(lián)系，還能保

49、證一個(gè)物種的生存？ One study found that conifers with the fungus are twice as likely to survive a drought as those without. 一個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有有真菌的針葉樹(shù)比沒(méi)有真菌的針葉樹(shù)有兩倍可能在干旱中幸存。,endure: put up with something or somebody unpleasant outlast: live longer than pull round continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) pull throu

50、gh v. 1. continue in existence after (an adversity, etc.) 2. bring into safety Outlive: live longer than She outlived her husband by many years Succumb: be fatally overwhelmed同yield,bite bait, 過(guò)去式bit 過(guò)去分詞bitten或bit 現(xiàn)在分詞biting vi. 咬；刺痛 vt.咬；刺痛cut, gnaw at n.咬；一口；咬傷；刺痛smart, mouthful vi.咬；刺痛smart, gna

51、w at bite and sup 飲食 bite the bullet 忍痛，咬緊牙關(guān)；咬子彈（強(qiáng)忍痛苦） bite on 取得，盡力想 bite off 咬掉 grab a bite 吃點(diǎn)東西（非正式語(yǔ)）；隨便吃幾口；先吃點(diǎn)東西墊墊肚子,spit spit spat,n. 1. a narrow strip of land that juts out into the sea 2. a clear liquid secreted into the mouth by the salivary glands and mucous glands of the mouth; moistens th

52、e mouth and starts the digestion of starches 3. a skewer for holding meat over a fire 4. the act of spitting (forcefully expelling saliva) v. 1. expel or eject (saliva or phlegm or sputum) from the mouth 2. utter with anger or contempt 3. rain gently 4. drive a skewer through,The snakes dont really

53、spit. 蛇不會(huì)真的噴射唾液。 They baby always spit up when he is burped. 嬰兒打嗝時(shí)總會(huì)吐出一點(diǎn)東西來(lái)。 They can spit poison a distance of three feet and they always aim for the eyes . 它們能吐出毒液三英尺的距離，而且這往往是瞄準(zhǔn)眼睛的。,spit,spit it out vt. 痛痛快快地講出來(lái) spit out 吐出 spit on 向吐唾沫 spit upon 對(duì)表示侮辱；向吐唾沫 spit at 向吐唾沫；對(duì)表示藐視 spit up vt. 噴出，吐出 sp

54、it and polish n. （陸、海軍等）過(guò)分注意整潔和閃亮的儀容；對(duì)服裝過(guò)分的擦洗,vi.吐痰；吐口水；發(fā)出劈啪聲golly vt.吐，吐出；發(fā)出；發(fā)射release, project, let go n.唾液saliva, slabber,pediatric ,pi:ditrik,adj. of or relating to the medical care of children pediatric dentist,syrup sirp, s:-,a thick sweet sticky liquid n. 糖漿，果汁；含藥糖漿 cough syrup 止咳糖漿；咳嗽糖漿 mapl

55、e syrup n. 楓蜜；糖楓汁 corn syrup （美）玉米糖漿 glucose syrup 葡萄糖漿 sugar syrup 糖漿 starch syrup 淀粉糖漿 fructose syrup 果糖漿,formative,formative education 啟蒙教育 formative assessment 形成性評(píng)價(jià)；形成性測(cè)試；教學(xué)評(píng)測(cè) formative years 形成期；形成性格時(shí)期 formative evaluation n. 形成性評(píng)量（價(jià)，估） Most adults in the region spent their formative years und

56、er communism. 該地區(qū)大多數(shù)成年人的觀念形成于共產(chǎn)主義時(shí)期。 Their formative organs themselves are perfect in structure, as far as the microscope reveals. 它們的生殖器官本身，在顯微鏡下看來(lái)，構(gòu)造上仍然是完全的。 One of the greatest formative experiences of my life preceded Harry Potter, though it informed much of what I subsequently wrote in those bo

57、oks. 這是我在寫(xiě)哈利波特之前的最據(jù)重要性的經(jīng)歷之一，盡管它對(duì)我后來(lái)在這些書(shū)中所寫(xiě)的許多內(nèi)容有影響。,pantyhose pntihuz ,n. a womans tights consisting of underpants and stockings You know what Ive always wondered about? Pantyhose! 你知道我一直想穿什么嗎？褲襪！ The shops can offer you a big choice of hosiery, stockings and pantyhose, reaching from basics to the S

58、ex And The City look.商場(chǎng)里能為你提供針織品、長(zhǎng)襪、褲襪等多種選擇，從基本式樣到“欲望城市”式的搭配都有。,make it all the way,Who make it all the way? 誰(shuí)會(huì)一路走來(lái)，堅(jiān)持到底？ This year our aim is to make it all the way to Madrid. 今年我們的目標(biāo)是殺進(jìn)馬德里。 Some gravity wave generated off the coast of South America, for example, make it all the way to Antarctica.

59、比方說(shuō)，某些在南美洲海岸附近形成的亞重力波可以暢行無(wú)阻的傳播到南極洲。 With a head start in business, you can make it all the way to the top. 做生意時(shí)搶得先機(jī)，你才能順利一路到達(dá)巔峰。 I wonder if the raft will make it all the way to the end of the river. 我猜測(cè)這竹筏是否能順利的到達(dá)河的盡頭。 We democrats believe that we can make it all the way with the whole family intact.,3. (Para.10-11) Before she had children, she was able to complete her education. But now she was tied up to family and children, not even having time to think for a while. 4. (Para.12-13) She paid attention to the medicine she would use, and tried to use non-chemical product.