1、STRUCTURE OF GROUP MEANING IN ENGLISH LEARNING(英語學(xué)習(xí)中意群的構(gòu)建),（一）意群的構(gòu)建在單項(xiàng)選擇題中,意群指的是在英語交際中表達(dá)一個詞組 、一個句子或一個段落的完整的意義。意群對于學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)語言的過程中理解句子和段落大意以及文章中心思想都有很重要的作用。在意群構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)中，如下幾點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵：,a.構(gòu)建意群的整體性(completion)各個意群是一個有機(jī)的整體，在意義上不能把它們分割開來。如：,Jenny is pleasant to _ . A. say B. speak C. talk D. talk to,答案D，強(qiáng)調(diào)了整體性，因?yàn)橐馊?tal

2、k to sb. 與前面的Jenny 有關(guān)。又如,D,- Whom would you rather _with you, Mary or June? - _. A.go,Neither B. have go, Either C.have gone, Either D. have to go , Both,答案B，強(qiáng)調(diào)了意群是have sb. do sth. ,與前面的whom 有構(gòu)成整體的關(guān)系。,B,b.重視意群的分裂性(separation)。即把一個意群的整體分裂開來。如： John plays the piano _ , if not better than, David. A.as

3、well B. as well as C. so well D.so well as,答案B，說明意群的整體是，John plays the piano as well as David,只是中間插了一個狀語not better than (=if he doesnt play it better than David.)把意群的整體分裂開來。,B,又如： The fellow in rags, _ nobody seemed to say anything ,tried to explain that he was not a beggar. to whom B. about whom C.

4、 who D. whom,答案A，說明The fellow in rags tried to explain ，是意群的整體,只是中間夾了一個非限制性定語從句。如果不注意意群的構(gòu)建的話，就會很容易誤選B答案。,A,C.關(guān)注意群的位移(displacement)這種現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在倒裝句 . 感嘆句和疑問句中，如： Not until all the fish in the river died _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the people realize B. the people realized C. the villagers did

5、 realized D. didnt the villagers realized,A,答案A。這是個否定詞位移的倒裝句，原本的意群是 not until , 即People didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish in the river died .又如： How happy the children are _ each other again. A.see B. to see C. saw D. seen,答案B，表明原本的意群是,B,The children are happy to see eac

6、h other. 只是在感嘆句中把happy 作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分調(diào)到前面去了。 d.把握意群的省略(omission)。即把意群中的某個部分省去，意義還是完整的如：I didnt noticed it until _ .,A. it is too B. being too late C. too late D. be too late,答案C，表明完整的意群是,C,until it was too late. 又如： You can have another two days leave, if / when necessary. 很明顯 if /when necessary 的完整意群是 if

7、/ when it is necessary.,e.留意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(punctuation marks)如逗號，分號；等:,1.John went up to the boy , patting him on the shoulder , and _ him away.,B,A. taking B. took C. to take D. take,2.Last Sunday,I met Marry, _ was my friend.,3.Last Sunday, I met Marry ; _ was my friend .,4.Last Sunday, I met Marry , and _

8、was my friend.,A. who B.she C.her D. whom,A,B,B,Exercises,1.Those plastic flowers look so _that many people think they are real.,.A.similar B.nice C.natural D.beautiful,2. -Tom,you are so lazy.This job ought to have been finished hours ago. -Sorry,I know it _. A. Should have done B.must have been C.

9、ought to be D. should have been,c,D,3. When the country calls you for help, you _. A.cant go B.should not but go C.cant help but go D. cant but go 4.-Is the house at the end of the street still for sale? -No, it _. A. was sold B.has sold C.had sold D.has been sold,D,D,5. Mary tried hard to find a jo

10、b but she had no _. A.trouble B. luck C. time D. chance 6.- Do you enjoy these two novels? - I should if _ of them were written lively. A. either B. each C. every D. all,A,B,7. They _ 100,000 dollars for the old house.And now they ve bought a new one. 8. The old houses were too expensive. I only _ him 10,000 for each. spent