1、Barrier and Substitute Process Identification, Characterization, Ranking and Removal障礙和替代流程的定義、特征、等級和消除,Barrier Identification and Characterization障礙的定義和特征,Subject Matter Barriers 主題性問題障礙 Obstacles or issues requiring unique industry, business or functional expertise 障礙或問題，需要獨特的行業(yè)、事業(yè)或功能專家解決 Customer

2、 preferences 客戶的偏好 Product materials and specifications 產(chǎn)品的材料和特性 Specific technical process requirements 特殊的技術(shù)流程要求 Equipment requirements 設(shè)備的要求 Human resource requirements 人力資源的要求,Barrier Identification and Characterization (continued)障礙的定義和特征（續(xù)）,Business Process Barriers 事物流程障礙 Obstacles to a seaml

3、ess process 無縫流程的障礙 Large batch size 大批量（生產(chǎn)） Bottlenecks 瓶頸 Poor scheduling 不良排程 Poor process design and/or implementation 不良的流程設(shè)計和實施 High rework 高返工 Inspection syndrome 癥狀檢查,Barrier Identification and Characterization (continued)障礙的定義和特征（續(xù)）,Culture Barriers 文化障礙 Barriers that have become part of th

4、e existing paradigm 已經(jīng)成為存在范式一部分的障礙 Paradigms that inhibit the companys ability to change 不習(xí)慣公司有能力改變的范式,SM Experts SM 專家,BP/C Experts BP/C 專家,Barrier/ Substitute Process Removal Capability 障礙/替代流程 的消除能力,SM-Subject Matter, BP-Business Process Barriers, C-Culture Barriers,Ref: 3008aUS,What Gets in the

5、Way?什么擋著路？,Substitute Processes替代流程,Processes and work-arounds that grow out of not removing barriers 如果不消除障礙，流程和周邊工作就在不斷地增長 They usually fit into the apply-resources mindset 他們通常符合“應(yīng)用資源？”的觀念,Barrier Avalanche障礙的崩潰模型,Ref: 3009aUS,Barrier Characterization and Ranking in Assigned Process _評估障礙的特征和等級過程

6、,Barriers障礙,Identify (SM, BP, C) 定義,Removal Responsibility 消除責(zé)任*,Rest of Org.,BIT & Above,Removal Impact: 消除的影響度 0 = Low, 10 = High,Estimated Time To Remove 消除時間,A B C D E F G H,Barrier Process Ranking Worksheet障礙分級工作表,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Low 低,High高,Long 長,Short 短,I m p a

7、c t o f B a r r i e r,Time to Remove (months),障礙的影響度,消除時間 (月),Fishbone Diagram魚骨圖,Cause and Effect Diagrams,Cause and effect diagrams expose substitute processes The causes help characterize the effect Work the symptoms backwards until you reach the root cause,Fishbone魚骨圖,The Fishbone diagram can be

8、 used for two different purposes:魚骨圖用于兩種不同的目的 First, to arrive at root cause barriers 第一，找到根本原因的障礙 Second, to organize brainstormed lists of causes, substitute processes, and culture constraints 第二，整理原因、替代流程、和文化約束的腦力風(fēng)暴清單,Using Fishbone as Root Cause Characterization Tool,1,Fishbone Worksheet for Pri

9、cing Issue,Fishbone Worksheet for Pricing Issue (continued),Fishbone Worksheetfor Nonlinearity in Bookings and Shipments,Long Cycle Times are Often Indicators of Process Weaknesses長的周期時間是流程弱點的常指示器,Poor quality causes long cycle times 不好的品質(zhì)導(dǎo)致長的周期時間 Long cycle times frequently indicate poor quality長周期

10、時間經(jīng)常意味著不好的品質(zhì) Many quality problems are only symptoms很多品質(zhì)問題僅僅是癥狀/癥兆 If you attack the “pain” directly, you may miss the root causes如果你直接挑戰(zhàn)“痛處”，你就錯失了根本的原因,Root Cause Barrier Removal根本原因障礙的消除,Implementing a substitute process is easier than removing a root cause barrier采用替代流程比消除根本原因障礙更容易 Substitute pro

11、cesses absorb resources, which prevents any meaningful barrier removal替代流程消耗資源，它阻止了很多有意義的障礙消除,Barriers to Barrier Removal消除障礙的障礙,Too many AIPs 過多的過程活動（Actions in process) Institutionalization of the substitute process制度化和習(xí)慣化的替代流程 Policies and procedures政策和程序,Typical Root Cause Barrier Removal Cycle

12、Time典型根本原因障礙消除的周期時間,Barrier Removal Process Steps障礙消除的流程步驟,Perform process mapping 畫出流程圖 Perform distributional analysis of data 分析數(shù)據(jù) Begin the removal process to expose other barriers開始消除替代流程以暴露其他障礙 Use Generic Barrier List to spur ideas使用通用障礙清單來刺激主意 Use fishbone to identify root cause barriers用魚骨圖來定義根本原因障礙,Barrier Removal Process Steps (continued)障礙消除的流程步驟（續(xù)）,Use sub