1、Northwest A If the nipple tube basically complete atresia: the nipple tube cutter (adjusted the knife depth) insert nipple tube, according to the blade, and the scar tissue or proliferate organization cut (or resection (dont cut is too deep, avoid injury health organization), after surgery, and inse

2、rt given antibiotics nipple tube expanders. If the nipple line or nipple milk pool is obviously expansion creature that can be surgery method cut nipple tube, resection increase creatures.,五、預(yù)防 prevention 1擠奶衛(wèi)生-消毒 Milking health - disinfection 2隱性乳房炎檢測(cè) Recessive mastitis detection 3在干奶期，可進(jìn)行預(yù)防用藥，用抗生素

3、和金霉素軟膏。 In dry milk period, can undertake precautionary medicine, with antibiotics and aureomycin ointment.,六、注意事項(xiàng) the matters need be attention 1出血性乳房炎：減少或禁止按摩，并給予冷敷； Hemorrhagic mastitis: reduce or prohibit massage, and give a cold compress 2化膿性乳房炎：禁止熱敷和按摩。 Suppurative mastitis: ban hot compress a

4、nd massage.,七、轉(zhuǎn)歸 outcome 急性失治可轉(zhuǎn)為慢性：結(jié)締組織增生，乳房硬結(jié)，以致“肉乳房”；乳房萎縮。 Acute lost cure can become chronic: connective tissue hyperplasia, breast scleroma that meat breast; Breast atrophy. 隱性乳房炎約有50%可轉(zhuǎn)為臨床型乳房炎。 Recessive mastitis about 50% converted into clinical type mastitis.,八、乳房炎綜合防治措施 prevention measures 診

5、斷：Diagnosis （1）臨床型：視診和觸診、乳汁的肉眼觀察及必要的全身檢查。有條件的在治療前采奶樣進(jìn)行微生物鑒定和藥敏試驗(yàn)。 clinical type: it depends on the diagnosis and touch, in the milk of macroscopic observation and necessary thorough examination. Conditional before therapy mining milk samples for microbe and drug susceptibility test.,（2）隱性乳房炎： recess

6、ive mastitis CMT法 CMT method 乳汁電導(dǎo)率測(cè)定 Milk conductivity measurement 乳汁體細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)（SCC） Milk somatic cell count (SCC), 桶奶試驗(yàn) Barrel milk test 乳汁的細(xì)菌培養(yǎng) themilk of bacterial cultures,治療：中西醫(yī)結(jié)合 Treatment: traditional Chinese and western medicine 預(yù)防： prevention 擠奶衛(wèi)生。 Milking health 乳頭浸浴。 Nipple bath 干奶期預(yù)防。 Dry mil

7、k period prevention 淘汰慢性乳房炎病牛。 Eliminate chronic illness cow mastitis 保護(hù)牛群的“封閉”狀態(tài)。 Protection of the herds closed state 定期評(píng)價(jià)擠奶機(jī)的性能。 Regular assessment milking machine performance 定期進(jìn)行桶奶或個(gè)體母牛奶的SCC。 Regular barrels of milk or individual mother milk of SCC.,第三節(jié) 乳房漿液性水腫 Mammary grout oedema 分娩前后乳房出現(xiàn)的?。ㄋ?/p>

8、）腫現(xiàn)象。由于皮下、間質(zhì)組織大量漿液滲出所致。一般均在產(chǎn)后7-10天左右消失，不影響產(chǎn)奶量及乳質(zhì)，故通常作為產(chǎn)后一種生理現(xiàn)象。 Before and after childbirth breast appear floating (water) swollen phenomenon. Due to subcutaneous, interstitial organizations of grout exudate be caused by. Normally in postpartum 7-10 days or so disappeared, do not affect milk product

9、s and milk quality, so usually as postpartum a physiological phenomena 但如果長(zhǎng)期的嚴(yán)重水腫，可影響奶量，不控制飲水，一旦抵抗力下降，可并發(fā)乳房炎。 But if serious long-term oedema, can affect milk supply, not controlled water, once resistance drops, can concurrent mastitis.,第四節(jié) 人工誘導(dǎo)泌乳 artificially induced lactation 一、適應(yīng)癥： 奶用動(dòng)物：如乳牛、乳山羊、乳

10、役兼用水牛。 Milk with animals such as cows, sheep: rushan county, breast servants saut buffalo. 主要為先天性不孕青年牛和經(jīng)產(chǎn)久配不孕母牛； Mainly for the young ox and congenital infertility in long match infertility cow; 現(xiàn)已擴(kuò)大至正常母牛第一胎人工泌乳。 Now to expand the normal cows first chihlby artificially lactation.,二、采用藥物 using drugs

11、雌激素：促進(jìn)乳腺導(dǎo)管系統(tǒng)發(fā)育。 Estrogen: to promote ductal system development 孕酮： 促進(jìn)乳腺腺泡系統(tǒng)發(fā)育。 Progesterone: to promote breast acinar system development. 催乳素釋放激素：刺激腦垂體，引起催乳素的持續(xù)分泌。但由于該激素不能通過(guò)血腦屏障，常用利血平替代。 Prolactin release hormones: to stimulate the pituitary, cause prolactin of sustained release. But as the hormone

12、cannot be through the blood brain barrier, commonly used reserpine substitute.,三、方法 1第1-4天： 1-4 days 雌二醇 0.1mg/kg體重；黃體酮 0.2mg/kg體重 ；肌肉注射，每天一次。 Estradiol 0.1 mg/kg weight, Progestin 0.2 mg/kg weight, Muscle injection, once a day. 2第5-7天：利血平 3-5mg ， 每天每頭肌肉注射。 5-7 days: reserpine 3-5mg, every head musc

13、les injections. 利血平乳牛極為敏感，每天劑量不能超過(guò)5mg，總劑量不能超過(guò)15mg，注射時(shí)，注意觀察家畜的反應(yīng)，以防中毒。 cows is very sensitive, daily dose cannot exceed 5mg, total dose cannot exceed 15mg, inject, watch the livestock reaction, in case the poisoning.,3在注射黃體酮的第二天開始，按摩乳房，每天三次，與其它擠奶牛同時(shí)進(jìn)行，每次5分鐘，水溫50-60。 In injection progestin starts the

14、day, massage breast, three times a day, and other crowded cows simultaneously, every 5 minutes, water is warm 50-60 . 4按摩后，模擬擠奶動(dòng)作，以建立條件反射。 Massage action to establish simulation milking reflex. 5開始頭12天的奶由于雌激素的含量較高，應(yīng)予廢棄。 體重計(jì)算：體重（kg）=胸圍的平方體斜長(zhǎng)（肩關(guān)節(jié)正中至髖關(guān)節(jié)正中）/10800 Start head 12 days of milk due to higher levels