1、賓語從句 課時：31、 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1.專項復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句用法 2.通過復(fù)習(xí)形賓語從句的構(gòu)成及用法,達(dá)到靈活運用各種知識的能力 3.通過自主合作,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生合作意識,團結(jié)協(xié)作精神. 重點：賓語從句用法難點：賓語從句的時態(tài)二、復(fù)習(xí)過程：定義：賓語從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語)（一）、三座橋賓語從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：1. 以that 引

2、導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主要用來引導(dǎo)陳述句形式的賓語從句， that可以省略。如We knew（that）we should learn from each other.2. 以 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句, 主要用來引導(dǎo)一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序如Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 以連接代詞which, what, who等或連接副詞how, where, why 等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，從句是陳述語序如：Can you tell me how I can get to the near

3、est post office? （2） 、注意點1. 引導(dǎo)詞如果從句是陳述句，引導(dǎo)詞用that（that在口語或非正式文體中常省略）；如果從句是一般疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用if/whether；如果從句是特殊疑問句，引導(dǎo)詞用由疑問詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來的疑問代詞/副詞。2. 語序陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：Does he work hard? I wonder. I wo

4、nder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave? I dont know. I dont know when he left.3. 時態(tài)如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài)，那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時態(tài)。如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時。如：He said

5、 that light travels much faster than sound4.人稱的變化和標(biāo)點的使用1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱，變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致；如果是第二人稱，則與主句的賓語一致；如果是第三人稱，不用變化。如：“May I use your knife?” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 賓語從句的標(biāo)點均由主句決

6、定。主句是陳述句，用句號；主句是疑問句，用問號。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know. I dont know who will give us a talk.Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives? （3） 、兩副面孔if和when既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句。因此，遇到它們就要認(rèn)真分析一下，它們究竟屬于“兩副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow, I wont come.（時間狀語從句）I dont know if it will rai

7、n tomorrow. （賓語從句） （四）、從句的簡化1. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find，see，watch，hear等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed that she could help m

8、e with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?注意：注意：一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情況例外。1. 當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about wheth

9、er well go on the pinic.2. 引導(dǎo)詞與動詞不定式或 not 連用時， 只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not?3. if當(dāng)如果講時， 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句， 這時不能用whether.eg, You cant work the plan out if you dont have the meeting .三、課堂測評I.填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞:1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. I asked

10、 _ they stopped on the way.2. Do they like to make friends with me? He asked. He asked _ they liked to make friends with him.3. “I am doing my homework.” He said. He said _ he was doing his homework.4. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? Could you tell me _ I can get to the station?II

11、.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（注意時態(tài)的使用）：1. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.2. I hear they _ (return) it already.3. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)4. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)5. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sou

12、nd. (travel)6. Ling told me he _ to Beijing several times.(be)III.合并為一句（注意句子的語序以及人稱的變化）：1. “May I use your knife？”He asked me. _2. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. _3. “Is Jim doing his homework?” She asked. _4. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. _IV.鏈接中考：( ) 1. -Do you know _ for S

13、hanghai last night?-At 9:00.A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave( ) 2. While flying , a bat makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way its able to know _ the things are and avoid bumping into them. A. how B. whe

14、re C. what D. which( ) 3. -Excuse me, please tell me _.-There is a supermarket over there. You can get some there.A. how I can find a supermarket. B. where the supermarket is C. where I can buy some fruit( ) 4. -Do you know _ last night?-Sorry, I dont know. But I think he should go to bed early beca

15、use he will have an English exam this afternoon.A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed( ) 5. -Sorry , I dont know what the teacher said just now.-He asked Maria _.A. how long she usually spends on her homework B. what she was doing these daysC. why didnt Mike come to the meeting yesterdayD. when the speech will begin( ) 6. I didnt know _ they could pass the exam or not.A. why B. when C. that D. whether( ) 7. He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by