1、,The Subjunctive Mood,I wish,I were as tall as you.,my computer were as small as his.,Part 1,wish （that）sb.,與現(xiàn)在/將來事實相反的情況(用過去式),與過去事實相反的情況（用過去完成式）,be were be able to were able to,2. can /may /will could/ might/ would,3. have/ has had,4. do / does did,1. was/were had been,2. did had done,I wish,I wer

2、e a bird and could fly in the sky and view the whole city.,I wish (that) every day,were my birthday and I could have nice cakes to eat.,I wish.,I wish I had studied harder.,I wish I had passed the exam.,Subjunctive Mood,1. I wish (that) I were an actor. 2. I wish I knew more about the history. 3. I

3、wish I had been to Finland. 4. He wished his girl friend were there. 5. She wished she hadnt done it. 6. I wish you would stop asking such silly questions.,Part 2,if,真實條件句（條件狀語從句）,虛擬語氣,What will you do if,it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home surfing on the Internet.,Well have music lesson instead

4、of PE in the classroom if it rains tomorrow.,真實條件句,if用于虛擬語氣：對現(xiàn)在事實的假設(shè),if從句 一般過去式 (be 都用were),主句 should (would,could might) +動詞原形,What would you do if you were a teacher?,If I _a teacher, I.,were,If he werent addicted to games,he would make greater progress in his studies.,What would happen if he were

5、 not addicted to games?,2.What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would,If I had a lot of money,I would .,I would .,if條件從句 had done,主句 should (could might would) +have done,been done,if用于虛擬語氣：對過去事實的假設(shè),If I _busy last night, I _ to see the film with you .,had not been,would

6、have gone,If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.,would not have had,had driven,If he _ (not receive) the infected blood transfusion that day,had not received,he (not infect) with AIDS.,could not have been infected,If I _(know) your telephone number,I _ (telephone) you already.,had know

7、n,would have telephoned,Subjunctive Mood,Subjunctive Mood,省略 if 的條件從句的結(jié)構(gòu),1. Were she free., she would .,2. Were I to do the ., I would .,3. Had he not come, they would have .,4. Should he give up ., his . would be .,介詞without引導(dǎo)的短語代替if引導(dǎo)的條件從句,1. Without water, fish could not live.,2. Without your hel

8、p, I would have failed.,3.Without the Partys leadership, we could not realize .,混合條件句,如果你過去， 你的英語現(xiàn)在,如果昨天他， 現(xiàn)在我,要不是那時，你現(xiàn)在,Part 3,as if / as though引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣,as if / as though +,sb. were .,He looks at me as if I .,were from Mars.,sb. had done,I remember the whole thing as though.,I remember the whole thi

9、ng as though it were yesterday.,He talks as though,he had met the superman,he were the superman,Subjunctive Mood,用在狀語從句中 （一）,1. She loves the boy as if she were his mother. 2. The necklace made of glass looks as if it were a real diamond necklace. 3. She talks as though she had known us for years. 4

10、. I remember the thing clearly as if it had happened yesterday.,在一個堅持（insist）,兩個命令（order, command）,三個建議（ suggest, advice, propose）,四個要求（ ask,demand request, require）等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用“(should)動詞原形”，表示建議、要求、命令等。這些詞的其他形式，用法相同。,我建議馬上動身。,I suggest that we (should) set off at once.,學(xué)生們堅持要多上英語課。,The student

11、s insisted that they (should) have more English classes.,Part 4 建議、命令、要求類的虛擬語氣,Subjunctive Mood,1. It is suggested that we should go swimming every day in summer. 2. It is requested that she should sing an English song at the party.,1. He made a suggestion that we should have a football match with C

12、lass Four. 2. They received orders that they should start at once. 3. Napoleon had a demand that each soldier should answer his three questions.,1. My suggestion is that we should carry on an English party. 2. His request is that he should be allowed to ask for leave. 3. Her proposal is that we shou

13、ld rest for an hour.,Its necessary (natural, important, strange, surprising, better, a pity, no wonder) that時，從句謂語的虛擬形式用 （should）原形動詞.,高中學(xué)生掌握一門外語很有必要。,It is necessary that a high school student should master a foreign language.,我們說話要有禮貌，這是很重要的。,It is important that we should speak politely.,Part 5,S

14、ubjunctive Mood,1. It is necessary that we should spend an hour learning English every day. 2. It is important that we should learn hard. 5. It is a pity that he should tell a lie. 6. It is no wonder that an Englishman should know English. 7. It is a shame that one should steal something from others

15、.,Part6 在it is (high) time that .句型中的虛擬語氣,1. It is time that we went home. 2. It is time that you handed in your composition. 3. It is time that he was (were) off. 4. It is (high) time that we started.,Part 7 用在If only感嘆句中,1. If only he didnt write so carelessly! 2. If only she had arrived in time.

16、3. If only the rain would stop!,Subjunctive Mood,Part 8 would rather 后的 that 從句中的虛擬,1. Would you rather (that) she came to see me? 2. I would rather you posted the letter right away.,Part 9 so that, in order that狀語從句中的虛擬語氣,1. He stayed at school for a few days so that he could finish his experiment in time.