1、英語(yǔ)基本概念 梳理,2004-8-19,詞法學(xué)習(xí) 1。動(dòng)詞 （1）行為動(dòng)詞 I stayed at home and did some work. 我呆在家里做些事。 Ive just had a coffee, thanks. 謝謝，我剛剛用過(guò)咖啡。,It has not yet been announced who will judge the case. 誰(shuí)來(lái)判這個(gè)案子還沒(méi)有宣布。 I dont know how to dress right. 我不知道怎樣穿著得體。,Dont expect money to buy you happiness. 別指望拿金錢去買快樂(lè)。 He was k

2、illed doing his duty. 他以身殉職。, Organizations hope to improve the publics environmental awareness., Cancer strikes in every country in the world.,癌癥襲擊全球各國(guó)。,.,組織者希望提高公眾的環(huán)境意識(shí)。,（2） 持續(xù)動(dòng)詞, Shakespeare lived from 1564 to 1616., We watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.,莎士比亞生于1564年，死于1616年。,

3、我們注視著火車直到它在遠(yuǎn)處消失。, She wore a new dress for the ceremony.,她為參加慶典穿了一身新裝。, I hope it doesnt rain tomorrow.,我希望明天不要下雨。, He came round earlier but he only stayed for a few minutes.,他來(lái)得比較早可是只呆了幾分鐘。, I read about it in this mornings newspaper.,我是在今天的早報(bào)上讀到這個(gè)消息的。,（3） 及物動(dòng)詞, She spread a cloth over the table.,

4、她鋪了一張桌布。, I let him have my watch for his camera.,我讓他的相機(jī)和我的手表交換了一下。, It puzzled me why she agreed to come when she is so busy.,我奇怪她既然那么忙為什么同意來(lái)。, If you know the answer raise your hand.,如果知道答案就舉手。, The doctor told me to get more sleep.,醫(yī)生告訴我要多睡眠。,（4） 不及物動(dòng)詞, Wait outside the door until you are asked t

5、o get in.,在外面等著，叫你進(jìn)來(lái)，你再進(jìn)來(lái)。, It poured with rain throughout the night.,整夜大雨瓢潑。, The sun rises when it appears above the horizon.,太陽(yáng)從地平線上升起。, Bombs were falling on the city all night.,整夜向這座城市投彈。, You cant expect the money to appear from nowhere.,不能要來(lái)路不明的錢。, I could see people moving to and for in the

6、square.,我看到人們?cè)趶V場(chǎng)上來(lái)來(lái)往往。, Were hoping for good weather, of course.,我們當(dāng)然希望好天氣。, She often wished for a quieter life.,她總是希望過(guò)上安靜一點(diǎn)的生活。,（5） 及物與不及物動(dòng)詞, The children greatly desire to come to Beijing.,孩子們最大的愿望是來(lái)北京。, He promised (me) not to interfere.,他答應(yīng)不予干擾。, Write me when time permits.,時(shí)間允許的話寫(xiě)封信來(lái)。,（6） 反身動(dòng)詞

7、, They dressed themselves like the villagers.,他們打扮成村民。, The little girl hid herself in the big box.,小姑娘把自己藏在大箱子里。, You may help yourself to the books on the shelf.,書(shū)在架子上，你自己拿。,（7） 系動(dòng)詞, He went a child but returned an old man.,他走時(shí)還是孩童，歸時(shí)已是老人。, What you said sounds all right.,你說(shuō)的聽(tīng)上去還不錯(cuò)。, The problem s

8、eems quite simple.,這個(gè)問(wèn)題似乎挺簡(jiǎn)單。, The plan proved practicable.,這個(gè)計(jì)劃證明可行。, Dont marry too young.,結(jié)婚不要太早。, Mr Wang Luobins story has long remained a mystery.,王洛賓的故事很久以來(lái)是個(gè)謎。,（8） 表感覺(jué)知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞, I could smell he had been smoking.,我能聞出他抽煙。, My leg ached after long trip.,走長(zhǎng)路后我的腿疼。, Im sorry; I hope I didnt hurt you

9、.?,對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)有傷害你吧？,（9） 表心理動(dòng)詞, It is understood that you will come.,相信你會(huì)來(lái)的。, I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind.,我可以清楚地想象出這一景象。, I dont think he is right.,我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。, You cant believe how badly he drives.,你無(wú)法相信他開(kāi)車技術(shù)有多糟。, I suppose we ought to wait till she arrives.,我想我們應(yīng)該等她來(lái)。,（10） 表關(guān)系動(dòng)詞, She owns a

10、 car but rarely drives it.,她有一輛轎車但很少開(kāi)。, Has this project been cost ?,這項(xiàng)工程估價(jià)了嗎？, Who does the house belong to ?,這房子屬于誰(shuí)？, He couldnt prove that the crime is related to her., She often referred to you in the letters.,她常在信中提起你。,他不能證明罪行與她有關(guān)。,（11） 表情感動(dòng)詞, Wed love you to come to dinner.,我們很愿意你來(lái)吃飯。, He care

11、d for her deeply.,他深深地愛(ài)著她。, I detest him complaining.,我極討厭他發(fā)牢騷。, I dislike his doing it.,我不喜歡他做這事。, My husband hates going shopping.,我丈夫討厭逛商場(chǎng)。, She is a sweet women, who asked for nothing but to love and cherish her husband.,她是一個(gè)溫柔的女人，除了疼愛(ài)丈 夫別無(wú)所求。,（12） 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, I came across an interesting article in a

12、 magazine.,我在一本雜志上偶爾看到一篇有趣的文章。, Well look into the matter thoroughly.,我們要徹底調(diào)查這件事。, The prize is 500 dollars, which works out to about 4,000yuan. 獎(jiǎng)品是500美元，折合人民幣約為4000元。 My rent was paid for six months in advance. 我預(yù)付出了六個(gè)月的房租。, The tricks were meant to be seen only once.,這種把戲只能玩一次。, There are only fou

13、r to choose from.,只有四種選擇。, He finally caught a sight of the village.,他終于看到了村莊, We are taking proper advantage of our opportunity.,我們?cè)谶m當(dāng)?shù)乩脵C(jī)會(huì)。, Ill be absent from work tomorrow.,我明天不上班。, I kept up with many of my old classmates.,我和老同學(xué)保持著聯(lián)系。,2 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài), Traffic accidents usually happen when people are not

14、 careful enough.,人們不夠注意往往造成交通事故。, He disappeared from our lives 43 years ago.,他43 年前就不知去向。, Dont eat so many sweets, or your teeth will get worse.,不要吃很多甜食，那樣牙齒會(huì)壞。, She said she would buy a better house for her parents,她說(shuō)她要給父母買一套好點(diǎn)的住房。, Ive come only for a few moments.,我已到了一會(huì)兒。, They will have receiv

15、ed my email now.,他們此時(shí)會(huì)收到我的email。, It was raining heavily then.,那時(shí)正下著大雨。, It was raining heavily then. 那時(shí)正下著大雨。 I wonder what you are doing now. 我想知道你在干什么。, Children will be taking their holidays soon.,孩子們很快要放假。, Kate told me that her husband would be coming next day.,卡特對(duì)我說(shuō)她丈夫第二天要來(lái)。,11.What have you

16、been doing all this time ? 你一直在干什么？,12.Tom died last night, he had been a good friend of mine.,別著急， 他會(huì)很快把所有這一切忘記的。,13.Dont worry, he will have forgotten all about it soon. 別著急， 他會(huì)很快把所有這一切忘記的。 14.He told us that the party would have arrived by two oclock. 他告訴我這一行人兩點(diǎn)鐘以前到達(dá)。,15. I shall have been workin

17、g in the company for 4 years by the end of this year. 到今年底我在本公司已經(jīng)工作四年。 16. I suppose that the play would have been running by then. 我想那部話劇到時(shí)會(huì)上演。,3動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài), Smoking is forbidden here.,這里禁止吸煙。, Drivers were warned not to break the rules.,警告司機(jī)不要違規(guī)。, We hope that an agreement will be arrived at.,我們希望能達(dá)成協(xié)議。,

18、 The experiment has been planned since 1994.,自1994年就計(jì)劃了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。, She looked at the books that had been placed on the shelf.,她看了看已經(jīng)放在架子上的書(shū)。, He said the book would have been published by the end of this month.,他說(shuō)這本書(shū)將在年底出版。, When we called, the tea was being served.,我們到的時(shí)候，正值上茶之際。, The sick girl is being taken good c