1、專題五短文改錯,題型解讀與高考感悟,高頻考點與技巧點撥,高考新編,考情分析,題型解讀與高考感悟,考點統(tǒng)計(略),短文改錯考查學生在語篇中綜合運用英語的準確性。設題一般包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等。通常是學生在英語運用中常見的錯誤。,通過對近三年的短文改錯題的分析，可以預測2016年短文改錯的命題趨向?qū)⒅饕w現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面： 1.命題難度基本保持穩(wěn)定，體裁多以貼近學生生活的記敘文、應用文為主。 2.錯誤設置類型相對穩(wěn)定，常見類型有：錯詞、多詞、少詞。,3.考查內(nèi)容覆蓋面廣，分布合理，但有所側(cè)重。從時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞到各類詞法(包括動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、冠詞、介詞、關聯(lián)詞等)、句法等

2、，均有所考查。 4.考查考生對文章中心思想的把握，以及對文章的整體理解與結(jié)構(gòu)的分析判斷。,真題體驗,(一) (2015全國) When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrializa

3、tion，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been,shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，well live to

4、 regret it.,(二) (2015全國) One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony

5、 was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw,parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.,(三) (2014新課標全國) Nearly five years before，and with

6、the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden.Since thenfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please.As result，the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size，,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we o

7、ften share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!,(四) (2014新課標全國) My dream school starts at 8：30 a.m. and ends at 3：30 p.m.They are t

8、hree lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didnt need to do so many homework.Therefore，we have more time with afterschool activities.For example，we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.,My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds o

9、f the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.,(五) (2013新課標全國) I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her kn

10、ees and sing old songs.I was only four when she passes away.She is just a distant memory for me now. I remember my grandfather very much.He was tall，with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from,others in our small

11、town，he was strong and powerful.In a fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However，he was the gentlest man I have never known.,(六) (2013新課標全國) The book Im reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 18

12、00s.Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day.,Interesting，it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without h

13、andles.When tea got popular in Britain，there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.,一、 謂語動詞,二、 非謂語動詞,三、 名詞,高頻考點與技巧點撥,四、 形容詞與副詞,六、 關聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯,七、 介詞,八、 冠詞,五、 代詞,考點1 時態(tài)前后不一致,典例1 When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I

14、think I would be happy there.(2015全國) 分析整個語境講的就是過去的事情，所以think也是當時的想法，故應該用一般過去時。故think改為thought。,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2 In the mornings，it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees.(2015浙江) 分析從前一句中的it

15、was到后面一句的there was可以判斷整個語境應該是一般過去時，所以將is改為was。,典例3 A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.(2015全國) 分析句子的主語為A woman，謂語為saw，crying為賓補，and連接的是兩個謂語，而不是兩個賓補，所以telling應改為told。,考點2缺少謂語或謂語動詞形式錯誤,典例1 We must found ways to protect our environment.(2015全國) 分析情態(tài)動詞must后應該跟動詞原形，句中we與find之

16、間為主謂關系，所以found應改為find。,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2 So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.(2014大綱全國) 分析able是形容詞不能直接作謂語動詞，其前應加be，be able to do sth.意為“能夠做某事”。,典例1 Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全國) 分析studies與show之間為主動關系，所以應該去掉bee

17、n。,考點3 語態(tài)錯誤,3,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2 Tony was scared and begun to cry.(2015全國) 分析was scared與begun為并列謂語，scared為形容詞，表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，begin的過去式是began，所以begun改為began。,典例3 Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.(2013新課標全國) 分析tea與drink之間為動賓關系，所以用被動語態(tài)，動詞drink的過去分詞為drunk。,典例1 My dream school look li

18、ke a big garden. (2014新課標全國) 分析整篇短文的語境為一般現(xiàn)在時，而且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)My dream school，因此謂語動詞應用looks。,考點4 主謂不一致,4,3,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2 The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014遼寧) 分析本句主語為The early morning barking，baking為不可數(shù)名詞作主語，故謂語動詞have應改為has。,典例1 If you are me，

19、would you talk to them？ (2015四川) 分析“如果你是我”這個假設一定是虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反，所以are改為were。,考點5 情態(tài)動詞誤用以及虛擬語氣,3,謂語動詞考點例析,典例2 My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys last.My attitude changed from then on.(2012新課標全國) 分析must必須，一定，用在此處語境不合適。句意為：同時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)耐心一些，我可以讓我的玩具持久

20、些。所以應用could/might。,方法歸納做動詞類改錯題時，需注意以下幾個方面： (1)判斷一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時是否錯用。 (2)and，but，so，or等并列連詞前后的時態(tài)是否一致。 (3)除了時態(tài)，還要注意主謂是否一致。 (4)看是否考查虛擬語氣。 (5)看謂語部分是否缺少動詞，特別是be動詞。 (6)看動詞的形式是否正確，尤其注意第三人稱單數(shù)形式是否錯用。 (7)看主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)是否錯用。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.(2015四川) 2.My soccer

21、coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the best biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.(2015陜西),telltold,decidedecided,3.Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.(2014

22、四川) 4.I was taking a train to Londons Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people.(2014浙江),gogoes,去掉had,5.Suddenly.they were looked like rain！(2014陜西) 6.Suddenly Mary，my best friend，asking me to let her copy my answers.(2013四川),去掉were/looked,askingasked,7.I want

23、ed to give up，but my grandfather told me to wait a little longer.Finally，there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.(2013陜西) 8.Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we move last week？(2013浙江),werewas,movemoved,9.What I liked best

24、were the free highspeed Internet connection in the room.I checked my email messages every day.(2012陜西) 10.I knew that they will be worried about me because I was so far away，and that my mother would not sleep if she knew.(2012浙江),werewas,willwould,考點1：動詞不定式,典例1 Its been a month since I came to this

25、new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.(2015四川) 分析want后跟帶to的不定式作賓語。故want與動詞share之間加to。,非謂語動詞 考點例析,典例2 The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.(2015浙江) 分析使役動詞make后跟不帶to的動詞不定式作賓補，即make sb. do sth.，表示“使某人做某事”，故felt改

26、為feel。,典例3 She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.(2013新課標全國) 分析used to doing是“習慣于干某事”，而used to do sth.意為“過去常常做某事”，由句意可知應把holding改為hold。,考點2：動詞的-ing形式,典例1 After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found.(2015全國) 分析從后面的謂語動詞可知整個語境用的是一般過去時。所以在looks前面加主語是不行的，所以只能改為非謂語動詞作a

27、fter的賓語。故looks改為looking。,非謂語動詞 考點例析,典例2 Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，which might not be served until 8 oclock at night.(2013新課標全國) 分析分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知句子的主語為Have tea in the late afternoon，所以應該用動名詞形式作主語，即把Have 改為Having。,典例 I also shared with my friends many photos t

28、aking in Beijing.(2012陜西) 分析此處考查的是with復合結(jié)構(gòu)，photos與take在邏輯上是動賓關系，表示被動，用過去分詞。故把taking改為taken。,考點3：動詞的過去分詞,非謂語動詞 考點例析,方法歸納句中已有謂語動詞，若再出現(xiàn)動詞，又沒有并列連詞，注意考慮非謂語動詞形式，根據(jù)其在句中成分以及邏輯關系，來判斷其形式是否正確。做短文改錯時，需注意一下幾個方面： (1)作主語或賓語不能用動詞原形，通常改為-ing形式或不定式。因在短文改錯中，只能改一個詞，如果主語是原形，就只能改為-ing形式了。,(2)熟記其后只能接-ing或只能接to do作賓語的動詞。 (

29、3)介詞后要用動詞的-ing形式。注意區(qū)分to是介詞還是不定式符號。 (4)一些固定短語或句式中的非謂語動詞形式。 (5)根據(jù)非謂語動詞或其邏輯主語的關系來確定用ing形式還是用-ed形式。 (6)別混淆謂語動詞與非謂語動詞。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015四川) 2.I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江),singsinging,sitsitting,3.I might h

30、ave to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.(2015陜西) 4.My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter！(2015陜西),get前加to,enjoyenjoying,5.One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.(2014陜西) 6.It is difficult to unders

31、tanding why she barks every minute shes outside.(2014遼寧),havehaving,understandingunderstand,7.He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees.(2014陜西) 8.Felt hungry，we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish.(2013陜西),wanted后加to,FeltFeeling,9.After think for some time，I let her copy my ans

32、wers.(2013四川) 10.He isnt good at talk but he gets on well with other people.(2013大綱全國),thinkthinking,talktalking,考點1：單復數(shù)或所有格錯誤,典例1 The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.(2015全國) 分析由后面的定語從句we breathe可知，此處先行詞的意思是“空氣”，air當“空氣”講時為不可數(shù)名詞。故airs改為air。,名詞 考點例析,典例2 One day，little Tony went to

33、a shopping center with his parent.It was.his parents were missing.Tony saw his parents.(2015全國) 分析從后文可以看出Tony的父母一起和他去的商店，后文兩次出現(xiàn)parents，所以應該將parent改為parents。,典例3 When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.(2011新課標全國) 分析根據(jù)句意可知，當我最后到達“我朋友的家”(my friends)，他借給我許多衣服。故friend應改為friends。,考

34、點2：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換錯誤,典例1 This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.(2013新課標全國) 分析定冠詞the后面應跟名詞形式，故grow應改為growth。,名詞 考點例析,典例2 He has ruined his healthy.(2013遼寧) 分析在形容詞性的物主代詞后應用名詞，所以應把healthy改為health。,方法歸納遇到名詞首先注意區(qū)分名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞；其次還可以根據(jù)名詞前的修飾語或謂語動詞的單復數(shù)來判斷。此外，還要注意名詞的所有格。?？伎键c如下： (1)在several，few，many，one of，

35、a couple of，three，one and a half，a large number of，scores of，dozens of等詞語后，或雖沒有這些詞但語境提示我們，本應接復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的，但文中卻用了單數(shù)。,(2)像advice，fun，homework，information，news，progress，equipment，furniture，baggage，luggage，jewellery，clothing等不可數(shù)名詞是沒有復數(shù)形式的，但在文中卻用了復數(shù)。 (3)該用名詞的所有格，而沒有用。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.As I told you last tim

36、e，I made three new friend here.(2015四川) 2.My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.(2015浙江),friendfriends,sidesides,3.Mum taught me some basic step of baking.(2015陜西) 4.Weve called several time about Cleos early morning barking.(2014遼寧),stepsteps,timeti

37、mes,5.No one in the carriage had previously spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help.(2014浙江) 6.For example，we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.(2014新課標全國),strangersstranger,第一個hourhours,7.

38、Today we had a chemistry test.The teacher was angry because we had the same answers in the tests.(2013四川) 8.Within the next few minute，my grandfather also caught a fish.(2013陜西),teststest,minuteminutes,9.You told me the name of different plants and their characteristics.(2012重慶) 10.Mom，I know I have

39、 never expressed my thank to you before.(2012四川),namenames,thankthanks,考點1：形、副詞或名詞詞性混淆,典例1 Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.(2015全國) 分析名詞前應該用形容詞作定語。故seriously應改為serious。,形容詞與副詞 考點例析,典例2 Dad and I were terrible worried.(2015全國) 分析worried為形容詞化了

40、的過去分詞，修飾形容詞應該用副詞，所以應將terrible改為terribly。,典例3 The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.(2014新課標全國) 分析句中的small，juicy與taste并列，所以應該都用形容詞，故將taste改為tasty。,考點2：形、副詞錯用,典例1 Nearly five years before，and with the help of our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.(2

41、014新課標全國) 分析相對于說話時以前用ago；相對于過去的某個時間或動作之前才用before。故before改為ago。,形容詞與副詞 考點例析,典例2 As a result，the plants are growing somewhere. (2014新課標全國) 分析somewhere意為“某處”，而根據(jù)句意“植物到處生長”。故somewhere應改為everywhere。,典例3 I remember my grandfather very much. (2013新課標全國) 分析“我對祖父的記憶非常好/清楚”，而非“多”。故much應改為well/clearly。,考點3：修飾詞

42、錯用或多余,典例1 Much rare animals are dying out.(2015全國) 分析animals為可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式，所以用many修飾，much只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。故Much改為Many。,形容詞與副詞 考點例析,典例2 He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.(2015全國) 分析此處為so.that句式，所以much前用副詞so修飾。故去掉very。,典例3 We dont need to do so many homework. (2014新課標全國) 分析homework為不可數(shù)

43、名詞，前面應用much修飾，因此把many改為much。,考點4：比較等級誤用,典例1 My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decided to ask her for help.(2015陜西) 分析由該句中的in the world以及前面的the可知此處應該用形容詞的最高級。故better改為best。,形容詞與副詞 考點例析,典例2 To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.(2013浙江) 分析to make

44、 matters worse使事情更糟糕的是，為固定搭配。故bad改為worse。,考點5：分詞化形容詞混用,典例1 I am awfully tiring，but I know Ill never fall asleep.(2013浙江) 分析由句意知，“我感到非常疲乏”，應用tired。故tiring應改為tired。,形容詞與副詞 考點例析,典例2 Gradually，I became interesting in biology and chose to learn biology when I entered the college. (2012重慶) 分析對感興趣，應該用inter

45、ested。故interesting應改為interested。,方法歸納對于形容詞和副詞的考查，注意以下幾點： (1)作定語、表語、補語，用形容詞。 (2)作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、全句，用副詞。 (3)注意比較級與最高級的比較對象或范圍；單音節(jié)形容詞的比較級前，不可再加more。 (4)注意many，much，(a) few，(a) little；very，so，(n)ever，hardly等修飾詞的用法。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.On the left-hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.(2

46、015浙江) 2.I thought the biscuits were really well.(2015陜西),easyeasily,wellgood,3.That is too much for us，considering how closely the houses are.(2014遼寧) 4.Dont panic or get out of line and try to remain quiet and calmly.(2014四川),closelyclose,calmlycalm,5.Beside，Cleo tends to bark an average of six ho

47、urs a day.(2014遼寧) 6.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticketowner before.(2014浙江),BesideBesides,previouspreviously,7.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.(2014陜西) 8.Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty，but I tried hard

48、to do it.(2013四川),immediateimmediately,difficultydifficult,9.After waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatiently.(2013陜西) 10.Whenever I think of the old days，I feel very happily.(2012重慶),impatientlyimpatient,happilyhappy,考點1：人稱不一致,典例1 We must find ways to protect your environment

49、.If we fail to do so，well live to regret it.(2015全國) 分析從整個語境以及句子的主語來看應該把your改為our才能講得通，也可以改為the。,代詞 考點例析,典例2 Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.(2015浙江) 分析with復合結(jié)構(gòu)是作定語修飾park的，所以這里的代詞是指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞park，故them應改為單數(shù)it。,考點2：代詞混用,典例1 My uncles immediately jumped up and s

50、hot their arrows at the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.(2014陜西) 分析從My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird可知，射出去的箭不僅僅兩支，因此應把Neither改為None。,代詞 考點例析,典例2 He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town.(2013新課標全國) 分析當賓語和主語是一個人時，賓語一般用反身代詞形式，

51、此句的主語which指的是前面的整個句子，所以應把himself改為him。,考點3：漏掉代詞,典例 Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.(2015全國) 分析句意為：5分鐘后，Tony看見了他的父母。所以沒有限定詞his句意不夠完整。故在parents前加上his。,代詞 考點例析,方法歸納對于代詞的考查，要注意一下幾點： (1)順藤摸瓜，理清短文中代詞的指代關系，注意聯(lián)系上下文，要注意人稱一致、單復數(shù)一致以及性別的一致關系。 (2)注意人稱代詞格的誤用，以及物主代詞、反身代詞或疑問代詞等的錯用。 (3)系統(tǒng)掌握it的各種用法。 (4)準確把握不定代詞在文

52、中的正確使用。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.(2015陜西) 2.Its been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.(2015四川),anythingsomething,manymuch,3.In fact，I dont like to go anymore，but Im afraid Ill lose their friendship.What do you think I should do

53、？If you were me，would you talk to him？(2015四川) 4.We appreciate our apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure.(2014遼寧),himthem,ouryour,5.Then everyone in the carriage began searching for the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.(2014浙江) 6.The underst

54、anding between two friends means both of them have similar ideas and trust each other.Otherwise，it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.(2014大綱全國),hisits/the,himthem,7.If its a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom

55、.(2014四川) 8.We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake.(2013陜西),usyou,oursour,9.I was eager to see him，but outside her room I stopped.(2013遼寧) 10.After thinking for some time，I let her copy my answers.But after the test，all of us were called to the teachers office.(2013四川),herhis,allboth,考點1

56、：關聯(lián)詞使用不當,典例1 After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing. (2015全國) 分析句意為：他轉(zhuǎn)過身發(fā)現(xiàn)父母不見了。由句意可知賓語從句句意完整，不缺少成分，所以應該用that引導從句或省略。故去掉where或?qū)here改為that。,關聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,典例2 There the air is clean or the mountains are green.(2015全國) 分析兩個簡單句之間為并列關系而非選擇關系，所以將or

57、改為and。,考點2：多余或缺少連詞,典例1 Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014新課標全國) 分析在讓步狀語從句中，although不可以與but連用，因為although位于句首，故只能去掉but或?qū)ut改為yet。,關聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,典例2 He had a deep voice，which set him apart from other

58、s in our small town，he was strong and powerful.(2013新課標全國) 分析句中which引導的是定語從句，修飾主句He had a deep voice，而主句與從句后的分句he was strong and powerful之間缺少連詞，根據(jù)他們的并列關系，確定he前加and。,考點3：介詞與連詞混用,典例 In fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013新課標全國) 分析句中during為介詞

59、，不可以連接兩個獨立謂語的句子，根據(jù)邏輯關系，后一個分句應為when引導的時間狀語從句。故during應改為when。,關聯(lián)詞及行文邏輯考點例析,方法歸納對于連詞的考查，注意首先判斷兩個或兩個以上的單詞、短語或單句之間是否有連接詞，再根據(jù)不同的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷連接詞是否運用正確。解題時，可以注意以下幾個方面： (1)把握前后兩句話之間的銜接關系，判定是并列句、主語從句、定語從句還是狀語從句，根據(jù)連接詞在句中作何成分，判斷正誤。,(2)注意but轉(zhuǎn)折、and并列、or或者(選擇)、so因此(結(jié)果)等邏輯關系詞之間的混用。 (3)注意although/though/while不與but連用；since/as/because不與so連用。 (4)注意but與and，and與or，or與so，after與before，which與that，which與what等連詞的用法區(qū)別。,考點專練,改錯(每小題1處錯誤) 1.How do you think I should do？(2015四川) 2.My only mistake was that I dropped some o