1、英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯,Part I 前置法 Few people do business well who do nothing else. 什么也不做的人是做不好生意的。 They reviewed the international situation in which important changes and great upheavals are taking place and expounded their respective positions and attitudes. 他們回顧了正在發(fā)生重大變化和動(dòng)蕩的國(guó)際形勢(shì)， 并闡明了各自的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度。,Mr. Taylor, who

2、 had been silent before, spoke out suddenly. 剛才一直沉默不語(yǔ)的Taylor先生突然開(kāi)口了。 This is the place where the workers and peasants Red Army made the crossing in 1934. 這就是工農(nóng)紅軍1934年渡江的地方。,Part II 后置法 A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair

3、-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era, and a colonel who says that they havent. 一位年輕的姑娘和一位上校展開(kāi)了一場(chǎng)熱烈的爭(zhēng)論。姑娘堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為婦女已有進(jìn)步， 看見(jiàn)老鼠就嚇得跳上椅子的時(shí)代已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)還了， 而上校則認(rèn)為沒(méi)有。（重復(fù)先行詞， 譯成獨(dú)立句）,(省略先行詞， 譯成并列句） He said that this was a good suggestion, which he would look into. 他說(shuō)這是個(gè)很好的建議， 一定要加以研究。 Toward evening, we stopped at an inn, whe

4、re we passed the night. 傍晚， 我們停留在一家旅館， 在那里過(guò)了夜。,The relations between China and the United States of America have been improved, which will contribute to our four modernizations and world peace. 中美兩國(guó)關(guān)系已經(jīng)得到改善，這將有利于我們的四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化和世界和平。 Last week I saw Modern Times with Charles Chaplin playing the leading rol

5、e, which I think one of the most amusing films. (= and I think it) 上周我看了Charles Chaplin主演的摩登時(shí)代， 我認(rèn)為這是最有趣的影片之一。,Westminster Abbey, which is one of the oldest churches in Great Britain, contains the graves of many famous Englishmen. Westminster教堂， 大不列顛最古老的教堂之一， 里面有許多知名英國(guó)人士的墳?zāi)埂?Part III 融合法,It was a ho

6、pe which reflected the conviction expressed some years earlier by the then British Minister. 這個(gè)希望反映了若干年前當(dāng)時(shí)在任的英國(guó)首相表達(dá)過(guò)的信念。 There has never been a man around me who wrote so many memos. 在我周圍的人中， 從沒(méi)有一個(gè)像他那樣寫(xiě)過(guò)那么多的備忘錄。,“We are a nation that must beg to stay alive, ” said a foreign economist. 一位外國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說(shuō)道， “我

7、們這個(gè)國(guó)家一天不討飯就活不下去?！?Part IV 譯成狀語(yǔ)從句,Our teacher, who is getting old, will soon retire. (cause) 我們的老師， 越來(lái)越老， 不久就要退休了。 Envoys were sent who should strengthen our international position. (purpose) 派了使節(jié)， 以便加強(qiáng)我們的國(guó)際地位。,The prime minister who was busy all day long never knew what fatigue was (concession) 總理雖然

8、整天很忙， 卻從不知疲倦。 Anybody who should do that would be laughed at. (condition) 無(wú)論是誰(shuí)， 只要做那種事情， 就一定會(huì)受到嘲笑。,All the while, George Bush, who was ultimately to benefit from the try that failed, sat silently by, a nearly forgotten spectator. 在此期間，George Bush一言不發(fā)地坐在一邊， 幾乎成了一個(gè)被遺忘的旁觀者， 然而他將最終從一場(chǎng)失敗的試探中獲得好處。（譯成轉(zhuǎn)折并列句

9、， 與主句形成對(duì)比） He passes in the middle of the garden, exercising his fingers, which are slightly numbed by her greeting. (cause) 他走到園子當(dāng)中， 活動(dòng)活動(dòng)手指頭， 因?yàn)楸凰齽偛乓荒笥悬c(diǎn)發(fā)麻。,Part V 由關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的漢譯方法,It is absolutely wrong to think foreign languages useless, as quite a few people did before. 認(rèn)為外語(yǔ)無(wú)用是絕對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的， 而不少人過(guò)去確有這

10、種想法。 Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. 蜘蛛不是昆蟲(chóng)， 盡管許多人這么認(rèn)為。 它甚至與昆蟲(chóng)幾乎沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。,To write a dull book, as any poor writer could do, was unworthy of him. 寫(xiě)一本枯燥無(wú)味的書(shū)， 這是任何一個(gè)蹩腳的作家都會(huì)做的。他卻對(duì)此不屑一顧。 Now many young people wish to be scientists, as (=scientists) it is possi

11、ble for them to be on condition that they work hard. 現(xiàn)在許多青年都想當(dāng)科學(xué)家， 在自己刻苦努力的條件下， 這是大有可能如愿以償?shù)摹?His grandfather was a simple-mannered man, as the large-hearted and large-minded men are apt to be. 他祖父質(zhì)樸大方， 慷慨而心胸開(kāi)闊的人也往往是這樣的。 He was not sick, as some of the other passengers were. 他沒(méi)有暈車， 倒是其余乘客中的有些了暈車了。 He

12、 thinks her answer incorrect, as it probably is. 他認(rèn)為她的回答不正確， 她的回答大概也是不正確的。,Greenland was not a continent, as people thought. Greenland并不象人們所想的那樣是一個(gè)大陸。 The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, as is often the case in other countries. 英國(guó)人對(duì)于與其不同的文化和行為方式不大熟

13、悉， 而在其他國(guó)家卻往往不是這樣。,Part VI 其他特殊定語(yǔ)從句的漢譯方法,In short, we are for a world in which every people, rooted in their national cultural values, will be receptive to the abundant benefits of other nations. 一句話， 我們贊成這樣的世界：每個(gè)國(guó)家的人民都扎根于自己的民族文化寶庫(kù)之中， 樂(lè)于汲取其他國(guó)家的豐富的滋養(yǎng)。,He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, bu

14、t he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. 他喜歡熱情愉快的妹妹， 而不喜歡冷漠高傲的哥哥。 But his laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 但他富有感染力的笑聲打破了沉默。 We are peoples that have inherited ancient wisdom, that know the worth of biding ones time and recognized opportunity for combat. 我們的人民繼承了

15、古代的智慧， 懂得如何等待并善于抓住戰(zhàn)機(jī)。,We live in a world where relations between states are relations of forces. 在我們所處的世界上， 國(guó)家之間的關(guān)系是力量對(duì)比的關(guān)系。 In a word, a true revolution is one that is devoted to human progress in all domains and that makes human progress the supreme and final object. 總之， 真正的革命， 致力于人的全面發(fā)展， 并以此作為行動(dòng)的

16、最高指標(biāo)。,He had talked to vice-president Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他同副總統(tǒng)Nixon談過(guò)話。副總統(tǒng)向他擔(dān)保， 凡是能夠做到的都將竭盡全力去做。 He is with his youngest son, who is accompanying him on his lecture tour in China. 他帶著小兒子。小兒子陪他在中國(guó)進(jìn)行巡回演講。,第十單元練習(xí)參考譯文,日本央行已經(jīng)開(kāi)始研究延長(zhǎng)回購(gòu)政府債 券期限的可能性。回購(gòu)政府債券

17、已經(jīng)形成一種制度。在此制度下，日本央行從金融機(jī)構(gòu)購(gòu)買(mǎi)政府債券，但前提是，這些債券在經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間之后將由金融機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行回購(gòu)。,1、經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，貨物在離開(kāi)貨運(yùn)部是完好無(wú)損。 2、自由化的辯論是一場(chǎng)理論與理想的辯論，我們要傳播這樣的信息：市場(chǎng)自由化是解決公民憂慮的部分答案而不是造成他們擔(dān)憂的原因。 3、長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，加拿大一直吃這樣一種觀點(diǎn)：任何國(guó)家都不應(yīng)該用自己的領(lǐng)土或允許別國(guó)利用其領(lǐng)土來(lái)破壞令一個(gè)國(guó)家或“國(guó)際社會(huì)”的環(huán)境。 4、二十世紀(jì)三十年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條狀態(tài)，除非對(duì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)制度進(jìn)行大幅度改革。 5、賣方支付的貨物必須與合同所規(guī)定的數(shù)、質(zhì)量和規(guī)格一致，并按照合同所規(guī)定的方式裝箱或包裝。,6、因此，讓

18、我們?cè)诮窈蟮?天里開(kāi)始一次長(zhǎng)征吧，不是在一起邁步，而是在不同的道路上向著同一個(gè)目標(biāo)前進(jìn)。這個(gè)目標(biāo)就是建立一個(gè)和平和正義的世界結(jié)構(gòu)：在這種世界結(jié)構(gòu)里，所有國(guó)家可以站在一份其享有同等地尊嚴(yán)；在這種世界了結(jié)構(gòu)里，沒(méi)一個(gè)國(guó)家，不論大小，都有權(quán)決定自己政府的形式，而不受外來(lái)的干涉或統(tǒng)治。 7、前幾年出現(xiàn)的務(wù)實(shí)的作風(fēng)，已經(jīng)收到實(shí)際的效果，聯(lián)合國(guó)因此有機(jī)會(huì)禪師其潛力，發(fā)揮其能力。 8、本公約不優(yōu)于業(yè)已締結(jié)或可能締結(jié)并載有與屬于公約范圍內(nèi)事項(xiàng)有關(guān)的條款的任何國(guó)際協(xié)定。,9、各國(guó)通常都生產(chǎn)和出口那些他們最絕句優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)，而進(jìn)口那些他們最不具比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品。 10、企業(yè)稅負(fù)檢出將肯定會(huì)刺激私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，而私營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)將成為這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的推動(dòng)力。 11、多邊投資協(xié)定的目標(biāo)是要達(dá)到這樣一種境界外國(guó)投資者不受歧視，但他們?nèi)院蛧?guó)內(nèi)投資者一樣要接受同樣的基本法規(guī)制度。 12、除了這種進(jìn)出口商品的有形貿(mào)易之外，還有一種國(guó)與國(guó)之間進(jìn)行交換服務(wù)的無(wú)形貿(mào)易。 13、商務(wù)是指生產(chǎn)、配送、銷售等一切活動(dòng)的組合，通過(guò)這些活動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造利潤(rùn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)盈余。,14、將其所有非企業(yè)（如在美國(guó)的軟飲料產(chǎn)業(yè)）排除在外而僅僅有兩大龍頭企業(yè)進(jìn)行短兵相接的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是少有的。 15、根據(jù)此條款，涉及機(jī)密信息而由許可方應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)，不適用于在許可方披露之前已