1、Unit 10 How to write methods,Liu Jiangfan 柳江帆 Foreign Language Department Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,目錄標(biāo)題,方法的寫作內(nèi)容,Methods section: also called “Materials and Methods”, “Patients and Methods”, “Study Design” or “Experimental Section”. In this section, allow your readers to: 1) understand

2、how and why the experiments were performed; 2) better understand the results and conclusions; 3) repeat your study successfully; 4) believe your results and conclusions are valid.,標(biāo)題內(nèi)容,六要素,單擊此處添加標(biāo)題 When,What,單擊此處添加標(biāo)題 Who,Why,單擊此處添加標(biāo)題 How,Where,Who Who supplied the reagents? Who enrolled the study pa

3、rticipants （受試者）? Who collected the specimens（實(shí)驗(yàn)樣本）? Who made the primary diagnosis（診斷）? Who did the statistical （統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)） analyses? Who reviewed the protocol for ethics （倫理） approval? Who provided the funding?,what What reagents, methods, and instruments were used? What type of study was it? What were

4、the inclusion and exclusion criteria （入選標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)） for enrolling study participants? What protocol （實(shí)驗(yàn)方案） was followed? What treatments were given? What clinical endpoints （臨床終點(diǎn)） were measured? What statistical software （統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件） was used?,when When were specimens collected? When were the analyses perfo

5、rmed? When was the study initiated? When was the study terminated? When were the diagnoses made?,where Where were the study participants enrolled? Where was the study performed? Where were the specimens analyzed? Where were the records kept?,how How were samples collected, processed, and stored? How

6、 many replicates were performed? How were the study participants selected? How was the sample size determined? How were study participants assigned to groups （分組）? How was response measured? How were endpoints measured?,why Why was a species chosen (mice vs. rats)? Why was a selected analytical meth

7、od chosen? Why was a selected experiment performed? Why were experiments done in a certain order?,表達(dá)研究類型 Prospective, Retrospective, Cohort，Case-control，in vivo, in vitro Using(technique)，we studied 我們用(技術(shù))研究了 Using，it was found that (我們)用發(fā)現(xiàn)了 was(were)measured using (我們)用測定了 was(were)analyzed （revie

8、wed） by (我們)用分析（回顧）了 was(were)treated with (我們)用治療了 measurements were made of 測定了,表示分組（主語通常為patients，subjects，animals） were randomly divided （grouped） intogroups 被隨機(jī)分成組 were separated intogroups based on 根據(jù)，將分成組 The groups were as follows： 分組如下：,表示治療或檢查方法 was performed（used） in (on)patients 我們對患者施行（應(yīng)用）了 (patients) underwentendoscopy (患者)進(jìn)行了內(nèi)鏡檢查 S