1、ThePresentTense,英語課件,一.表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情,但動作或事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束。,eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light.,有人剛把燈關(guān)了。,2. I have already finished my homework.,我已經(jīng)完成了家作。,二.表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始并一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或事情,但動作或事情可能仍在繼續(xù)。,eg：1. I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.,我想看看從上次見到那地方以來它發(fā)生了多大變化。

2、,2. I have learnt English for more than ten years.,我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語。,三.表示人曾有過或到目前為止從未有過的經(jīng)歷.,eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?,你曾去過頤和園嗎?,2. I have never had a car.,我從未有過汽車。,四.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還常與句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 連用。,eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car .,這是他第一次開車。,

3、五.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和最高級連用表示到現(xiàn)在為止是最的。,What a boring film！,Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)除了上述主要用法之外，還有一些其它用法，在此不一一講解，請學(xué)生自已學(xué)習(xí)、掌握。,一部多么令人厭煩的電影??！,這是我看過的最令人厭煩的電影。,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別,第一單元已講解了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，在第一冊中也已講解了一般過去時(shí)的主要用法?，F(xiàn)將這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的用法加以區(qū)別，以便使學(xué)生更好地掌握，區(qū)別兩者的不同用法。,一.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都是說過去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是事情本身，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密

4、切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一般過去時(shí)，則只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。,eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已經(jīng)買了一本英漢字典。,eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾買過一本英漢字典。,第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，意為：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “過去他買了一本英漢字典，現(xiàn)在他還有這本字典” 。,第二句用過去時(shí)只敘述過去他買過一本英

5、漢字典這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這本字典并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。,二當(dāng)有一個(gè)表示過去某一特定時(shí)間的狀語時(shí)，不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過去時(shí):,eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday .,但since(自以來)+某一過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。,eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 .,2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England.,三常與一般過去時(shí)連用的典型的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語,yesterday(昨天),the other day (

6、前兩天),just now(剛才)， 時(shí)間+ ago,last +時(shí)間 ; etc;,eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago,飛機(jī)十分鐘前起飛了。,eg: 2. We finished our task last week .,我們上周完成了我們的任務(wù)。,四常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時(shí)間的詞短語或從句:,so far (到現(xiàn)在為止)，up to (till,until)now直到現(xiàn)在，lately（最近）yet ,since+過去時(shí)間或敘述過去事情的從句。,eg：1. The weather has been hot so far thi

7、s summer,到目前為止，今夏天氣一直很熱。,2.I havent seen her yet .,我還未見到過她。,五可與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，也可與一般過去時(shí)連用 的時(shí)間狀語：,for +時(shí)間 ，this +時(shí)間,表示不確定時(shí)間： ever,never,before,just,recently,already,eg: 1.I have learnt English for three years.,我學(xué)英語（到現(xiàn)在）三年了（仍在學(xué)）。,2.I learnt English for three years.,我學(xué)了三年英語（現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了）。,3.I have written two letters

8、 this morning,今天上午我寫了兩封信，(說話時(shí)仍是上午)。,4.I wrote two letters this morning .,今天上午我寫了兩封信，（下午或晚上說的）。,注：表示不確定時(shí)間的狀語，在句中無其它特定的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，或無表示過去動作的從句時(shí)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。,eg:1. I have not written to my parents recently.,我最近一直未給父母寫信。,2. I have met him many times before.,我以前見過他多次。,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法,表示一個(gè)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間，剛剛結(jié)束或仍在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作。與現(xiàn)在

9、完成時(shí)有所有同的是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作本身或動作的持續(xù)性、持久性。,eg：1. Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been?,我們一直在到處找你，你上哪兒去了？,2. What have you been doing?,你一直在做什么？,3. Ive been writing a laboratory report. 我一直在寫實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告。,PART B:EXERCISES,一.Find the choice : 1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day. A.go

10、B.was going C.have goneD.went 2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive 3._you ever_to shanghai. A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen,4.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate 5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with th

11、e help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving,6.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We _each other for more than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen 7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having,8.I_t

12、o Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going 9.Alice _ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.lived D.has live,10.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived 11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked

13、 C.works D.has worked,12.Christianity(基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教) since it _almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin 13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written,14.When we lived in phoenix we _ at Ariz

14、ona State university. A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying 15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my parents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write,16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go 17.She

15、_an actress for some time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been,18.Professor Chen _our exams yet. A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked C.will not mark D.havent marked 19.He left last year and_away ever since. A.is B.have been C.was D.has been 20. I_my task the other day. A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will f

16、inish,二. choose the one that is wrong: 1.I lived in this city since I was a child . 2.I lost my pen, I have to write with a pencil . 3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week .,C,5.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday . 6.

17、My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago .,7.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the morning paper she does this every morning for ten years . 8.It was very hot lately ,but its beginning to get a bit cooler . 9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I wen

18、t there last Sunday .,三.Fill in the blanks For the last three days I 1_(work ) hard.When we moved in three days ago ,everything was in a mess ,but now I 2 almost ( finish) the job. Today I 3 (work)since breakfast and 4 (not have )anything to eat . Anne 5 (bring )me a sandwich an hour ago but I 6 (tell) her not to come into the kitchen.,I 7 (never,forget) what 8 (happen) several years ago when she tried to help me ,I 9 (hot have )many accidents since then but Anne 10 (often,warn)me to be careful . she 11 (warn) me again this morning at breakfast time ,but I 12 (work)fo