1、非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),一、概述 當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述人們的一般認(rèn)識或說的話時，常用這 樣的結(jié)構(gòu)： Itbe過去分詞that從句 其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that從句。 常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有： predict, say, know, believe, think, claim(聲稱), suppose(認(rèn)為,猜想), fear(恐怕,擔(dān)憂)等，這一 結(jié)構(gòu)稱為非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)。,二、用法 (1)“It be過去分詞that從句”可以變?yōu)?“People動詞that從句” 和 “Sb./Sth.be過去分詞不定式”兩種形式。 例：人們說喬治會把他的基因傳給新一代。 It is said that George

2、will pass on his genes to a new generation. People say that George will pass on his genes to a new generation. George is said to pass on his genes to a new generation.,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),(2009全國卷) It is often _ that human beings are naturally equipped to (具備) speak. A. said B. to say C. saying D. being

3、 said 解析：選A?？疾楣潭ň涫?。句式It is often said that.表示“據(jù)說；人們常說”。It為形式主語，指代that從句。句意：人們常說，人天生具有語言能力。,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)注意以下兩點： 1)主謂一致 污染被認(rèn)為是一個非常嚴(yán)重的問題。 It is thought that pollution is a very serious problem. Pollution is thought to be a very serious problem. 據(jù)說海豚是非常友好的動物。 It is said that dolphins are very friendl

4、y animals. Dolphins are said to be very friendly animals.,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),2)不定式的時態(tài) (1)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動作發(fā)生于轉(zhuǎn)述的同一時間/還未發(fā)生，用不定式的一般式(to do )。 據(jù)說他是這家公司的經(jīng)理。 It is said that he is the manager of the company. He is said to be the manager of the company. 他們恐怕會放棄。 It was feared that they would give up. They were feared to give

5、up.,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),(2)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動作此時正在發(fā)生，用不定式的進行時(to be doing)。 據(jù)報道警察正在調(diào)查(look into)這起案件。 It is reported that the police are looking into this case. The police are reported to be looking into this case.,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),(3)如果轉(zhuǎn)述的動作發(fā)生在轉(zhuǎn)述之前，則用不定式的完成式(to have done)。 人們猜想那架飛機被劫持(hijack)了。 It is supposed that the plane was hi

6、jacked. The plane is supposed to have been hijacked. 人們知道那個小偷已經(jīng)被逮捕了。 It is known that the thief has been arrested. The thief is known to have been arrested.,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),(2007遼寧)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of (看見) Liu Xiang, who was reported _ the world record (破世界紀(jì)錄) in the 110meter hurdle rac

7、e. Abreaking Bhaving broken Cto have broken Dto break 解析：選C 。此題考查了sb. is reported to do 結(jié)構(gòu)。break這個動作發(fā)生在report之前，故 用完成時態(tài)。,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),總結(jié)：非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式用法 do sb./sth. be said to have done,reported/thought/believed/known.,be doing, 同時/未發(fā)生 正在發(fā)生 在轉(zhuǎn)述之前,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu),注意：若轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞是suggest, order, require, demand等單詞，從句需用(sh

8、ould) do形式。 e.g. 人們已經(jīng)建議必須立即采取措施。 (take measures) It is suggested that measures _ at once.,(should) be taken,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)小練,1. The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. (08陜西) A. to be sent B. to send C. being sentD. sending 2. AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to b

9、oth men and women in that area over the past few years. (06湖北) A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been,A,D,past,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)小練,3. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement _.(江蘇2007) A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached reach an agre

10、ement: 達成協(xié)議 4. It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. (遼寧2006) A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed,B,D,“設(shè)計”這一動作在過去已結(jié)束,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)小練,5. It was ordered that all the soldiers _ to the front. A. should send B. must be se

11、nt C. be sent D. must go 6. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. (上海 2005) A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,C,C,(,),What is required is that,非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)小練,7. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) _ birds kept in cage

12、s (關(guān)在籠中的鳥) in order to have the pleasure of setting them free (釋放). A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 8. - Is Bob still performing? - Im afraid not. He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official. (05江蘇) A. to have left B. to

13、leave C. to have been leftD. to be left,B,A,(在轉(zhuǎn)述之前 已經(jīng)離開舞臺),非人稱轉(zhuǎn)述結(jié)構(gòu)小練,9. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 比較:Robert is said_abroad, but I dont know what country hestudiesin. 10. Police are now searching f