1、消費(fèi)（者）保護(hù)法,伊朗消費(fèi)（者）保護(hù)法,消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益,簡(jiǎn)要消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益包括： -被告知完整和可靠的信息的權(quán)利， -選擇的權(quán)利， -享受安全的權(quán)利， -和由政府支持的權(quán)利。 Consumers rights in brief include: -The right of being informed by complete and reliable information, -The right of choosing, -The right of enjoying safety, -And the right of being supported by government.,伊朗消費(fèi)保護(hù)法的

2、基本原則,保護(hù)消費(fèi)者和生產(chǎn)者組織（the Organization for the Protection of Consumers and Producers），隸屬于商務(wù)部。OPCP的主要職能是： 一）保護(hù)和促進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn) 二）保護(hù)消費(fèi)者免受價(jià)格異常波動(dòng)的影響; 三）監(jiān)控，調(diào)整和控制的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格; protecting and promoting domestic production; protecting consumers against unusual price fluctuations; monitoring, adjusting and controlling the pr

3、ice of products and services;,有關(guān)消費(fèi)（者）保護(hù)的法律,一）生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法 二）市場(chǎng)管制條例（ Marketcontrolregulations ） 三）檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管商品服務(wù)的價(jià)格與分配規(guī)則（ inspection agencys rules on monitoring price and distribution of goods and services ） 四）政府罰款法（governmental penalty law) 五）貿(mào)易法 (trade law),消費(fèi)者保護(hù)組織，隸屬于商務(wù)部。它的義務(wù)： 1- 補(bǔ)貼基本商品（Subsidiesofbasi

4、c commodities）。 2-收到來(lái)自政府資助，以補(bǔ)貼某些商品（Receive amarginforsubsidizingcertain goods）。 政府罰款組織（1988）隸屬于司法部。它的義務(wù)是，執(zhí)行處罰規(guī)定。,如果交易是小的，客戶可以終止交易、替代履行或者返還價(jià)款，賣方有義務(wù)支付。 如果交易被終止有客戶，供應(yīng)商不要賠償損失。 If the subject of transaction includes a slight package, customer can annul the transaction, reclaim an intact goods or its cost

5、 and the seller has to pay that. In case of annulling the transaction from customer, presenter is exempt of paying any compensation . 第2條，第1款， 如果損失的原因是由于不足或者缺斤少兩，并且供應(yīng)商也知道，除了賠償還將被判處本法所規(guī)定的處罰。 If damage is caused by a deficiency or low quality and the presenter knows the matter, in addition to compensa

6、tion of damage, he/she will be sentenced to a punishment according to law.,根據(jù)伊朗的消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法，第3 條，第1款，貨物和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商必須提供擔(dān)保和銷售發(fā)票。銷售發(fā)票包括貨物或服務(wù)的價(jià)格及銷售日期。 goods and services presenters and producers have to present a guaranty accompanying a sale bill in which the cost of goods and fees of services and date of sale is

7、 written. 本法第3條，第2款，所有的信息，包括商品的類型、質(zhì)量、數(shù)量、功能、出廠日期、過(guò)期時(shí)間應(yīng)該被告知消費(fèi)者。 all necessary information concerning the type, the quality, the quantity, the pre consuming information, the date of issue and expire should be dedicated to customers.,第3條，第3 款，商品和服的供應(yīng)商和生產(chǎn)商，必須向消費(fèi)者展示樣品。 但如果不可能在銷售地展出，必須向消費(fèi)者提供商品的完整信息。 a mode

8、l of goods should be expose to exhibition of customers. If there is not any possibility of exhibition in selling place, complete information of goods should be given to customers. 第3條，第3款，第1條，禁止搭售。 forcing sale of goods or a service accompanying other goods and services is forbidden.,銷售發(fā)票,資本貨物生產(chǎn)者的職責(zé)

9、,根據(jù)伊朗的消費(fèi)者保護(hù)法第二章，第4條，所有供應(yīng)商，包括資本貨物的進(jìn)口商（importer）或生產(chǎn)者，包括汽車（載貨或載物），工農(nóng)業(yè)車輛，道路建筑設(shè)施，家具和設(shè)備，電器及電子產(chǎn)品，音頻、視頻和通信設(shè)備，應(yīng)該設(shè)有官方代表授權(quán)的維修店，提供備件和售后服務(wù)。 4- all presenters including producers and importers of capital goods such as machineries (passenger car or cargo vehicles ), industrial and agricultural vehicles, road const

10、ruction machines, house furnitures and equipments, electric and electronic artifacts sonic and visual and communication tools should have an official delegate and allowed repair shop, ensure spare parts and after-sale services.,據(jù)第5條，本法，所有商品和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商，必須在商品上貼上標(biāo)簽，在經(jīng)營(yíng)場(chǎng)所安裝標(biāo)牌，商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格應(yīng)該以一種對(duì)所有人可見(jiàn)的方式呈現(xiàn)。 all go

11、ods and service presenters have to attach labels on goods or install a board at sale or profession local which indicates clearly the cost of goods or the fee of services in a viewable way for everyone.,不切實(shí)際的廣告禁令,根據(jù)第7條本法，禁止通過(guò)大眾媒體，宣傳手冊(cè)宣傳謊言和虛假信息，欺騙或迷惑消費(fèi)者，。 advertisements which are contrary to truth or

12、wrong information which may mislead or lead customers astray by media or publicities are forbidden. 第8 條本法，同樣，由貨物和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商施加的任何條件，從而減少供應(yīng)或質(zhì)量較低，或提高價(jià)格的共謀行為，是一種犯罪行為。 any kind of collusion and imposition by the presenter of goods or services which reduce goods quality as well as quantity or may cause an inc

13、rease in cost will be considered as a crime.,如何處理侵犯（第4章，第16條）,經(jīng)行政機(jī)關(guān)裁定，消費(fèi)者損失的責(zé)任，應(yīng)由造成此種損失的個(gè)人或團(tuán)體承擔(dān)。 the responsibility of damage to customers, by recognition of administrant referee, should be undertake by legal or real entities that cause the damage to customers. 在外國(guó)公司的情況下，除了母公司，分支機(jī)構(gòu)或代理機(jī)構(gòu)將為他們?cè)谝晾实男袨樨?fù)責(zé)。

14、 In case of foreign companies, in addition to main company, its branch or delegacy in Iran is responsible either.,法律違規(guī)處罰（第5章）,本法第18條，如果商品或服務(wù)的供應(yīng)商提供的商品或服務(wù)有缺陷，損害消費(fèi)者； 違法者，除賠償損失，必須支付罰款高達(dá)4倍的賠償數(shù)額。 if presented goods or services are defective which may cause damage to customers, offender should compensate t

15、he damages and pay the fines up to four times the value of damage. 第20條，除了法律規(guī)定的處罰，主管機(jī)關(guān)可以強(qiáng)迫商品和服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)商，供應(yīng)商及零售商，收集和維修已售出的商品。 advisable referees can fulfill the legal punishments and force the producers and sellers to withdraw goods in order to repair the sold goods or presented services.,長(zhǎng)途及網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物規(guī)定,伊朗的“電

16、子商務(wù)法”（2003年）包括81條和第7條款。從第33條至第49條有關(guān)保護(hù)消費(fèi)者。 Irans Electronic Commerce Act,( 2003) includes 81 articles and 7 clause. From 33 to 49 on the protection of consumers. 第33條 -貨物和服務(wù)供應(yīng)商、銷售商，在消費(fèi)者決定購(gòu)買或接受合同條款之前，必須提供及時(shí)有效的信息。 Article 33-goodsand service providers and vendors,mustprovide timely and effectiveinforma

17、tiontoconsumersbeforeconsumers decide to buy ortoacceptthe terms of the contract.,最低所需的信息，包括： -商品或服務(wù)的技術(shù)和功能特性。 -供應(yīng)商的身份，他的企業(yè)的名稱和地址。 -e-mail地址，電話號(hào)碼或任何幫助客戶溝通的信息。 -買進(jìn)價(jià)格（包括商品或服務(wù)的價(jià)格，稅率，運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用，通話費(fèi)用的價(jià)格），客戶將負(fù)責(zé)所有費(fèi)用。 -一建議維持有效的時(shí)間。 The minimum required information, including: - Technical and functional characterist

18、ics of goods or services. - The identity of the supplier, his companys name and address. -E-mail address, telephone number, or any other contact information that help consumer contact him/her whenever needed. -The purchase price (including goods or services, tax rates, transportation costs, call pri

19、ce)that customers will be responsible for all charges. -The period of time that the presented proposal remains effective.,第37條 -在每個(gè)長(zhǎng)途交易，消費(fèi)者必須有至少7天工作時(shí)間取消（取消的權(quán)利），而無(wú)須提出任何理由。對(duì)消費(fèi)者造成的損失是收回的成本（郵寄費(fèi)用）。 Article 37 - in every remote transaction, the consumer must have at least seven working days of time for ca

20、ncellation (the right of cancelation) without presenting any reason. the only Imposed costs on the consumer is the cost of return. 第41條 -如果供應(yīng)商提供了不符合合同的貨物或服務(wù)，供應(yīng)商必須支付返回費(fèi)用。 Article 41 - If supplier provides the consumer with goods or services other than transacted ones, the supplier must pay the return

21、 cost.,消費(fèi)旅游法,空中旅行,1976年之前，在伊朗的法律制度，沒(méi)有某些規(guī)定監(jiān)測(cè)航空運(yùn)輸。 航空運(yùn)輸合同，受民法第517條和519條有關(guān)運(yùn)輸以及貿(mào)易法從第377條至394有關(guān)的運(yùn)輸合同的法律。 Prior to 1976，there were not certain provisions for monitoring air transportation, in Iranian legal system. Air transportation contracts, were subject to the article 517 and 519 of civil law concernin

22、g transportation as well as articles 377 to 394 of trade law regarding the transportation contract.,伊朗于1976年加入下列公約和議定書： - 1929年10月12日，“華沙公約” - 1976年“議定書” - 1955年9月28日，“海牙公約” - “議定書”，1961年9月18日 - 1971年3月8日，危地馬拉 Iran in 1976 joined the following conventions and protocols: -) October 12, 1929 Warsaw Co

23、nvention -) the Protocol of 1976 -) September 28, 1955 Hague Convention -) the Protocol of September 18, 1961 -) March 8, 1971 Guatemala,因此，國(guó)際航班受這些公約和議定書調(diào)整， 但是，國(guó)內(nèi)航班，仍然受民事和商業(yè)的法律規(guī)則的調(diào)整。 1968年，“華沙公約”/“海牙議定書” ，對(duì)于進(jìn)入伊朗的國(guó)內(nèi)航班生效。 Thus, international flights were subject to these Conventions and protocols, But

24、 domestic flights, remained under civil and business law rules. In 1968, the provisions of the Warsaw Convention / Hague Protocol, entered into force on Iranian domestic flights.,飛機(jī)上的所有死的乘客，包括男子，婦女，青年，老人，無(wú)論民族，種族和宗教，將被賠償90,000美元。值得注意的是，在“禁月”支付的死亡賠償金，相等于3萬(wàn)美元的三分之一，也增加了。 all dead passengers on the plane

25、, including men, women, young and old, of every nationality and ethnic and religious, the same amount of money equal to 90,000$will be paid. It is noteworthy that in the forbidden months to pay compensation as blood money, a third of the amount equal to 30,000 $ is also added.,丟失行李的乘客的最高賠償金是100美元。因此

26、，為避免把自己的貴重物品，乘客應(yīng)該把貴重物品放在手提箱中。 The maximum amount awarded to passengers for losing luggage is $ 100. Therefore it is necessary for passengers to avoid putting their valuables and precious objects in suitcase.,有關(guān)乘客行李的規(guī)定,每個(gè)航班的乘客的行李，根據(jù)飛行時(shí)間，國(guó)際或國(guó)內(nèi)以及航空公司的類型是可變的。允許每位乘客的行李額明確在機(jī)票提到（行李重量）。每包或行李箱的重量不應(yīng)該超過(guò)30公斤。 P

27、assengers luggage per flight, depending on flight duration, being international or domestic as well as the type of airline is variable. The amount of allowed luggage for each passenger is explicitly mentioned in the ticket (baggage weight) . Weight of each package or suitcase should not be more than

28、 30 kg.,在火車旅行,重量無(wú)限制。但行李的體積卻有限制，根據(jù)火車票的種類也有不同，乘客隨帶行李體積不準(zhǔn)超過(guò)20升。 There are no restrictions in terms of weight in traveling by train. but the restriction is related to the volume of the luggage, so depending on the type of ticket, the passenger is allowed to take the luggage with at most 20 liters volume

29、.,船旅行,根據(jù)第115條，伊朗海商法，在死亡或人身傷害的情況下，貨幣賠償額將不超過(guò)90,000美元。 According to Iran Maritime Law，article115 , in case of death or bodily injury to the passenger, the compensation amount of money would not be more than 90,000 $. 旅客人身傷害的情況下，必須在到達(dá)目的地后15天內(nèi)以書面形式通知承運(yùn)人。 In case of Passengers bodily injury , a written no

30、tice must be delivered to the shipping operator just within 15 days from the date of destination arrival.,根據(jù)本法第130條，如果船舶沒(méi)有按時(shí)出航，除自然原因外的任何原因，乘客有權(quán)要求賠償和違反合同的。 According to article 130 the same law, If the ship does not launch in determined date, for any cause except natural causes, the passenger has the

31、 right to claim compensation and breach the contract.,火車旅行,由于延誤了一個(gè)多小時(shí)而取消的情況下，乘客可以在當(dāng)天同一站退還票價(jià)。 In case of cancellation due to a delay of more than one hour train journey, passengers can refund the ticket price at the same station only the same day. 非由自然災(zāi)害造成的超過(guò)3個(gè)小時(shí)特快列車延誤，旅客可以自該日起一個(gè)月內(nèi)收到退款。 A delay of more than 3 hours of Express trains, provided that is not caused by natural disasters, passengers can within one month refund the ticket money .,由于延誤導(dǎo)致住宿和膳食費(fèi)用由運(yùn)輸經(jīng)營(yíng)者支付。 If the delay leads to an overnight stay in the place, accommodation and meal expenses are paid by