1、unit 5task 1【答案】a.1) more than 38 million people2) ms. stanecki is an un aids senior adviser. she says that some of the fastest growing epidemics can found in asia.3) intravenous drug use.4) anti-aids drags are widely available there. this has made some people pay less attention to the danger of bec

2、oming infected with hiv.b. 1) f 2) f 3) f 4) tc. worsening, five million, africa, 25 million, one million, increase, political and financial, have access, one in five, more than half【原文】 a new report by the un aids organizations finds the global aids epidemic is worsening. the agency says more peopl

3、e in all regions around the world are becoming infected with hiv, the virus which causes aids. un aids reports that significant progress has been made in providing treatment for larger numbers of aids victims and in achieving greater political and financial commitments in the fight against the fatal

4、 disease. despite this, the report says none of these efforts has been enough to prevent the spread of hiv/aids. last year, the report notes five million people became newly infected with hiv. that is more people than any previous year. currently, it says, more than 38 million people are living with

5、 the disease. un aids senior adviser karen stanecki says asia, with 60 percent of the worlds population, is home to some of the fastest growing epidemics in the world. in 2003 alone, she says, more than one million people became infected with hiv.“equally alarming, we have only just begun to witness

6、 the full impact of aids on african societies as infections continue to grow and people are dying in large numbers. the scale of the problem in africa is well documented, with over 25 million infections. if we dont act now, 60 percent of todays 15-year-olds will not reach their 60th birthday.”the re

7、port says the caribbean is the hardest hit region in the world after africa. it also finds the hiv/aids epidemic is continuing to expand in eastern europe and central asia, mainly due to intravenous drug users. un aids says infections also are on the rise in the united states and western europe. it

8、blames this largely on the widespread availability of anti-aids drags, which it says has made some people in these wealthy countries complacent. un aids director of monitoring and evaluation, paul de lay, acknowledges that around the world prevention programs are reaching fewer than one in five peop

9、le who need them. nevertheless, he says there has been a dramatic increase in prevention activities for young people and several other successes as well. in africa, for instance, 60 percent of children have access to aids education both in primary and secondary schools. that is a huge increase from

10、the late 1990s. in highly vulnerable groups like sex workers, we are seeing a real success story in africa. 32 percent of sex workers that are identified have access to hiv prevention and there is a large increase in condom use in this population. the report says global spending on aids has increase

11、d greatly, but, more is needed. it estimates $12 billion will be needed by next year, and $20 billion by 2007, for prevention and care in developing countries. the united nations says aids funding has increased sharply in recent years, in part due to the us governments global aids initiative. but it

12、 says still globally less than half the money needed is being provided.task 2【答案】a.1) 40,000, addicted, nature, nurture2) wont, addict, prone3) genetic, fixed, fated4) regulations, implicationsb. 1) a) 2) b) 3) a)c.1) human genes are all under close study in laboratories.2) it implies that insurance

13、 companies or employers might take advantage and discriminate against those who have been identified as being at high risk.【原文】mary gearin: welcome to the lab. like it or not, were all in the petri dish now as more scientists than ever look for the cause of our habits lying hidden in our genes.dr. w

14、hitfield: the advances in dna technology mean that techniques can be applied to this type of research which werent possible before and which give the prospect of what you might call an explosion in outcomes in actual findings that we can use.mary gearin: its a detective story with an unknown number

15、of villains. we havent established how many of our 40,000 genes may leave us more likely to be addicted, but some scientists do believe theyve confirmed a laypersons principlethat were about half nature, half nurture.dr. whitfield: the conclusion at the moment is that genetics accounts for about hal

16、f the variation in liability to a number of kinds of addiction and that environmental influences, or just the random things that happen to us as we go through life, account for the other half. mary gearin: of course, genes wont determine who will or wont become an addict, only those who are more pro

17、ne to becoming one. listen to a reformed smoker and a leading researcher in the field, wayne hall.wayne hall: i think we really do have a task in front of us to educate people that “genetic” doesnt mean fixed, immutable, unchangeable, fated. it still leaves plenty of room for human decision, choice

18、and capacity to influence and change behaviour.mary gearin: wayne hall is pushing for regulations to deal with the ethical implications that have inevitably surfaced.wayne hall: if we were able to identify people in advance as being at high risk because they possessed a set of genes, then that might have adverse effects on them in terms of the way others in their social environment treat them. it might have effects if insurance companies take account of that information or employers and so on.mary