1、1,高職部 曾凡軍,情 態(tài) 動 詞,2,情態(tài)動詞,情態(tài)動詞主要有: can could may might must need would will dare be able to,1. 用法. a. can, could, be able to .,can,-現(xiàn)在或?qū)?could -過去,be able to -有人稱 和 時態(tài), 表示客觀方面的能力或特定的某一種 能力,Example ; (!) . He said he could swim across the river 主觀 (2). He was able to swim across the river .客觀, 特定,表示主

2、觀方面能力或習慣性的” 能力”.,3,b. can , could 表示允許 You can use my bike now / tomorrow. He said that I could park here. Could 表示客氣逶惋 的詢問是否允許, 此時無過去懂得含義 回答時用can / cant 不用could/couldnt,For example : Could I smoke here ? Yes , you can .,4,(3). A. may might 表示可能 might比 may的可能性小. 比較; Why isnt Tom in class? He may be

3、sick .(大) He might be sick .(小),b.表允許 may 現(xiàn)在或?qū)?.he said we may leave. might 過去. He said we might leave,5,在一般 疑問句中. May/ Might I use you rubber? No, you mustnt .(You are not allowed ) Yes , you can /may .,3. Must ,have to must 沒有時態(tài)變化. You must do as you are told . She said they must do as they were

4、told . have to 有時 態(tài) 變化.(客觀),6,注意: Must I go now ? Yes, you must . No, you neednt/ dont have to . You must work hard next time ,mustnt you ? You must go home right now, neednt you ? You mustnt walk on the grass, must you ?,4. Should , ought to (語氣重) 用于 疑 問句表示征求建議或提出勸告 Should I open the door? Yes , pl

5、ease .,7,5. Need ,dare . a. need 無人稱 變化一般用于否定句,疑問句. Need you go home ? Yes I must . No, you neednt. You neednt go yet , need you / b. Dare 無人稱變化,過去時為dared He dare not try . c. He doesnt dare to try. I dont dare (to) ask her .,6. Shall ,should, will, would shall 用于一 , 三 人稱 一般疑問句. Shall I open the win

6、dow? 用于二, 三人稱肯定句. Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow . You shall not leave until 7.,8,Will 用于二人稱.疑問句 Would / will you have a drink ? 用于 個人稱陳述句. He wont listen to you .,情態(tài)動詞用于表示推測. May ,might , must ,can , need, should,Ought to , would , will,. 7 May / might “或許”,可能”一般用于肯定句 . I hear there

7、may be a few copies left . I hear there might be a few copies left . (更加 不肯定) b. Can , could 一般用于否定句, 疑問句. It cant be right could 可用于肯定句, 把握性不大. I could dropped in again later . .,9,Must .+ 動詞原形, ( 對目前的動作 的得推測) 只用于 肯定句中. The light is still on . He must be in the office. You must be a teacher , isnt

8、he ? you must be studying in the library . 否定推測用cant 代 替mustnt Mustnt 表示絕對禁止. You mustnt smoke in the office .,8. 情態(tài)動詞 + 完成時 表示對已經(jīng)發(fā)生 的事情的推測. May / might + have + done I cant find my sunglasses . I may / might have left them at the restaurant . (可能),10,2. should / ought to + have + done The flowers d

9、ied , you should / ought to water them . You shouldnt have asked him . Its not good man .,3. Must + have + done I was told his mother was ill, so he must have gone to the hospital .,4. cant /couldnt + have + done He cant have been told the bad news . He looks so happy .,5. can /could + have + done I

10、 stayed at a hotel while in New York . Oh , did you? You could have stayed with Barbara.,11,There is no light in the room , can he have gone out ? She cant have taken it home.,6. need / neednt + have + done He need have hurried home .there was much time . He neednt have gone to the station yesterday

11、 .,7.Would + have + done If you had been there , you would have seen the accident .,12,Exercise . 1.I didnt hear the phone. I - asleep. Must be B. must have t been C. should be D. should have been 2. If my lawyer - her last Saturday , he- me from going . had been . would have prevented B.had been ,

12、would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were would have prevent 3. He- you more help , even though he was very busy . A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D.may give 4. A computer - think for itself , it must be told what to do . A.cant B. couldnt C. may not d. might not 5. If it - fo

13、r the snow , we -the mountain yesterday . A. were not B. could help climbed C.had not been , could have climbed . d. had not been , could climbed,B,A,A,A,A,C,C,13,6. Without electricity human life - quite difficult today . A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 7. Janny - have kept her word

14、 .I wonder why she changed her mind. A. must B. should C. need D. would 8. Could I borrow your dictionary ? Yes , of course you - . A. might B. will C. can D. would 9. We- last night , but we went to the concert instead . A. must have studied B. might studied C. should have studied D. would studied,

15、D,B,C,C,14,10. Peter- come with us tonight , but he isnt sure yet . A. must B. may C. can D. will 11. Tom ought not to - me your secret , but he mean no harm . A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told 12. I told Sally how to get here , but perhaps I- for her . A. had to write it out B. must

16、 have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 13 . I didnt see your sister at the meeting . If she -, she would have my brother . A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,A,B,C,D,15,14.Shall I tell John about it ? - No, you -, Ive told him already . A. neednt B. wouldn

17、t C. mustnt D. shouldnt 15. when a pencil is partly in a glass water , it look as if it - . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 16. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack- be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 17. Johnny , you play with the knife , you - hurt yourself

18、. A. wont cant B. mustnt may C. shouldnt must D. cant shouldnt,A,C,C,B,16,18.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone - get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 19. When he was there , he - go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day . A. would B. should C. had better D. might 20. Yesterday , Jane walked away from the discussion . Otherwise ,she- something she would regret later . A. had said B. said .C. might said D. might have said 21. Sir, you