1、Section Grammar & Writing,直接引語和間接引語() 一、概念,1直接引語：當(dāng)我們引用別人的話語時，如果引用的是原話，被引用的部分就叫直接引語。 The teacher asked，“Do you like English？” The girl said，“I like English very much.” 注意：引語前常使用逗號，而不是冒號；引號內(nèi)直接引語的單詞首字母要大寫。,2間接引語：當(dāng)我們要引用別人的話語時，可以用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述過來，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分叫做間接引語。 The teacher asked the girl if she liked English.

2、The girl said that she liked English very much. 注意：間接引語不用逗號、引號；間接引語要考慮人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和指示代詞的變化。,二、直接引語變間接引語的規(guī)則,三、時態(tài)的變化 如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化；如主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句的時態(tài)則無需變化。,四、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動詞的變化,五、直接引語變間接引語時態(tài)“五不變”原則,.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 將所給的直接引語變成間接引語。 1He asked her，“Where are you going？” He asked

3、 her_ _ _ _. 答案：where she was going,2The lady said，“I shall go there on time.” The lady said that_go there on time. 答案：she would 3He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday.” He told me_ _ _to his father_ _. 答案：he had written；the day before,4The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus？” The te

4、acher asked_ _ _waiting for the bus. 答案：if I was 5The professor said，“Light travels much faster than sound.” The professor said that light_much faster than sound. 答案：travels,6She said，“My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” She said that_mother_ _ _to an exhibition_ _ _. 答案：her；had taken her

5、；the day before 7My sister said to me，“I will come here next week.” My sister_me that_ _ _ _ _next week. 答案：told；she would go there the,8“How are you feeling now？”the doctor asked him. The doctor asked him_ _ _feeling_. 答案：how he was；then,.單項(xiàng)填空 1The teacher said that Columbus_America in 1492. Adisco

6、veredBfound Chad discovered Dhad found 解析：解答本題的關(guān)鍵在于把握整句的語境，確定正確的時態(tài)形式。直接引語中有具體的表過去的時間狀語，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)，另外，find意為“找到失去的東西或在某個場所發(fā)現(xiàn)某人”，與此題句意不符。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)了原本存在的事物”。 答案：A,2After the examination，my teacher told me that failure_the mother of success. Awas Bis Cbe Dbeen 解析：表示“真理，事實(shí)”的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變

7、。 答案：B,3The child asked his mother_go out to play tennis. Athat he could Bif he could Cif could he Dthat could he 解析：直接引語若為一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，常用if或whether來引導(dǎo)，且從句中用陳述句語序。 答案：B,4Mr Brown said he_me the next week. Awould see Bwill see Chad seen Dsaw 解析：由句中the next week這一時間狀語可知賓語從句的時態(tài)需用過去將來時。 答案：A,5The mothe

8、r asked her son_. Awhat did he do the day before Bwhere did he find his lost wallet Cwhat time he got up that morning Dthat if he had finished his homework,解析：直接引語為特殊疑問句，變成間接引語時需用陳述語氣，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；直接引語為陳述句時，變成間接引語可用引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)；直接引語為一般疑問句，變成間接引語時常用if或whether引導(dǎo)，故排除D項(xiàng)。 答案：C,6He said，“Whats the matter？” He ask

9、ed_. Awhat the matter is Bwhat the matter was Cwhat is the matter Dwhat was the matter,解析：whats the matter是一個陳述句語序的句子，在變成間接引語時，語序不變，只改變時態(tài)。 答案：D,7My mother often says that she_happy with us. Ais Bwas Chad been Dwould be 解析：當(dāng)主句的謂語是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，從句中的時態(tài)不變。故用is。 答案：A,8Tom told the boss of his company that he_b

10、orn in 1956. Awas Bhad been Cis Dhas been 解析：在有具體的過去時間作狀語的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變，仍然用一般過去時。 答案：A,9He said that his car_stolen and that he_have to telephone the police. Awas；would Bhas been；will Chad been；would Dhad been；will,解析：間接引語雖然是由and連接的兩個并列的賓語從句，但時態(tài)卻不一定一致，因?yàn)榇司涓臑橹苯右Z應(yīng)為：He said，“My car was (has been) s

11、tolen and I will have to telephone the police.”車子被盜是過去，而給警察打電話是將來(馬上，立即)，所以變?yōu)殚g接引語應(yīng)分別與所對應(yīng)的時間一致。 答案：C,10He asked me_I would go to Beijing by air the next day. Athat if Bif Cthat whether Dhow 解析：that，if和whether都是連接詞，不能連用；by air已經(jīng)明確了去北京的方式，故不選how。 答案：B,11Could you please tell me_get to the nearest books

12、tore? Ahow I can Bhow can I Cwhere I can Dwhere can I 解析：考查間接引語的引導(dǎo)詞及語序。由the nearest bookstore可知，引導(dǎo)詞不用where，又因?yàn)殚g接引語要用陳述語序，故選A項(xiàng)。 答案：A,12The teacher said that_. Apractice made perfect Bpractice would make perfect Cpractice makes perfect Dpractice will make perfect 解析：“Practice makes perfect.”為諺語，故其時態(tài)在賓

13、語從句中不用變化，所以選C。 答案：C,13Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam_. Ayesterday Bthe day before Cthe day ago Dbefore the day 解析：由主句謂語動詞asked可知從句動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，the day before常與過去完成時連用。 答案：B,14The teacher told the students that there_a meeting at three oclock. Awere going to have Bare going to be

14、Cwill have Dwas going to be 解析：主句謂語動詞(told)為過去式，后面賓語從句中的謂語動詞也要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，故排除B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。 答案：D,15When Tom_ ，please let me know. Mary said when Tom_，just tell her about it. Acomes；comes Bcame；came Ccomes；came Dcomes；coming 解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。第一空為狀語從句中一般現(xiàn)在時表將來；第二空因主句謂語(said)為過去時，賓語從句中謂語動詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。 答案：C,寫信：致歉

15、一、題目要求 假如你是王平，你和你的好朋友李強(qiáng)因?yàn)榻M織班級活動時意見不一致產(chǎn)生了爭吵，當(dāng)時你的態(tài)度非常粗魯，結(jié)果李強(qiáng)不再理你了。事后你非常后悔，想向李強(qiáng)道歉，可是李強(qiáng)不給你解釋的機(jī)會。請你給李強(qiáng)寫一封信表達(dá)你的歉意，并請求他的原諒。,注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右；2.內(nèi)容要適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意行文連貫；3.開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Li Qiang， In the past few days_ _ _,二、關(guān)鍵詞語,三、連詞成句 1最近幾天我一直在考慮上周所發(fā)生的事情。 In the past few days Ive been thinking about what happened last week. 2我知道讓你