1、1. Logistics the movement or flow of people, materials and information is an important part of any companys business strategy.,Logistics: handling an operation that involves providing labor and materials be supplied as needed 后勤（學）.后勤學源于美國軍方，但最近這個詞被很多人翻譯為“物流”。但在此處應為后勤，因為從語境看，此處的logistics 既有人，物還有信息。,

2、（1）The General Logistics Department organizes and leads the armys logistics work. 總后勤部負責組織領導全軍后勤工作。,（2） In fighting a war we need a variety of skills, including those related to logistics. Logistics is an essential part of warfare. 打仗有多種手段，包括那些和后勤相關的技術后勤。搞后勤是打仗的重要部分。,（3）In September 2002, China held

3、 the ARF seminar on military logistics outsourcing support in Beijing. 中國 于年月在北京舉辦了東盟地區(qū)軍隊后勤保障社會化研討會,2. Logistics seeks to identify the cheapest way of achieving a given level of availability or service to customers. Availability：可用性, 有效性 ，可獲得性（即一定的時間內獲得某物、某人或者某信息的能力） 此句可翻譯為：物流學所追求的是找到一個實現(xiàn)一定水平的可獲得性或者

4、客戶服務的最便宜的方式。,(1)After all, we have long accepted less-than-perfect levels of availability elsewhere in our nets. 畢竟，我們早已接受了網(wǎng)絡任何一處上并不完美的可用性。 (2)Wed like to know the availability and the conditions of sale of this line. 我們想了解一下你們在這方面的供貨能力和銷售條件。,To reduce availability will create a decline in prices. 降

5、低可用性將使得價格下降。 (該句可以這樣理解：如果對供貨的時間不是要求的那么緊的話，價格上就會便宜一些。),3. unitization成組化，單元化 ，統(tǒng)一化，the act of packaging cargo into unit loads （注意：此處教材翻譯部分有誤）將多個小件包裝的貨物組合成單件大包裝的貨物。生產(chǎn)物料的大小、形狀是千變萬化的,單元化管理就是把各式各樣的物料集裝成一個便于儲運的單元。,(1) After all, we have long accepted less-than-perfect levels of availability elsewhere in ou

6、r nets. 畢竟，我們早已接受了網(wǎng)絡任何一處上并不完美的可用性。 (2)Wed like to know the availability and the conditions of sale of this line. 我們想了解一下你們在這方面的供貨能力和銷售條件。,4. But if the fashion does catch hold, the supplier needs to know as quickly as possible, to allow him or her to find and deliver more items to retail stores. 該句中

7、to allow him or her to作目的狀語。 Catch hold 此處做流行之意。 e.g. I wonder whether this style will catch hold ? 我不知道這個款式是否能流行,5. The speed with which the supplier receives feedback from the information system on sales uptake determines his ability to meet demand. 供應商從信息系統(tǒng)獲得有關銷售的信息的速度決定了他滿足市場需求的能力。 Uptake:（名詞），

8、領會,理解。常用短語 on (in ,at) the uptake: 在理解（力）方面。例如：He is quick/ slow on the uptake. 他理解力強（遲鈍）。,6. Usually reliability and consistency in the level of service are more important than speed. If a promise is made, it must be kept. 通常情況下，服務水平的可靠性和一致性比速度更重要。一旦承諾做出，就必須信守。 reliability : the trait of being depe

9、ndable or reliable (synonym) dependability, dependableness, reliableness,例如： reliability of computer system 計算機系統(tǒng)可靠性 reliability of electrical apparatus 電器可靠性,(1) I can assure you of his reliability. 我可以使你確信他是可靠的。 (2) It promises improved reliability, scalability and performance. 它承諾改進可靠性、可擴性和性能。,Co

10、nsistency 始終一貫；前后一致 (1) These accounts show no consistency 這些報導前后不一致。 (2) His writing lacks consistency. 他的寫作缺乏連貫性。,7. Information permeates the logistics system, but, like goods, it must go to the right people at the right time in a useful form. Permeate ：spread or diffuse through,Permeate ：spread

11、or diffuse through (1)An atmosphere of distrust has permeated this administration 一種不信任的氣氛彌漫在這種管理方式中。 (2)If there is a security breach in a small area, it can permeate the entire system. 如果在小范圍內有一安全漏洞，它將擴散到整個系統(tǒng)。,8. The information could be as simple as the contents of a package that just arrived or

12、as complex as the proposed design for a new supply chain for heavy equipment. 信息可以簡單如一條有關包裹抵達的內容，也可以復雜如為重設備進行的新供應鏈擬議性設計。 該句中以 or 為中心，前后兩個as as 結構，數(shù)并列成分。,9. Of course, even with accurate data and good information, someone must act on it. act on 按行事,act on 按行事 (1)The committee acted on the suggestions

13、 the masses made. 委員會按群眾提出的建議辦。 (2)He acted on his own authority. 他是根據(jù)自己的意思這樣做的。,10. Integrated logistics is defined as: the process of anticipating customer needs and wants; acquiring the capital, materials, people, technologies, and information necessary to meet those needs and wants; optimizing t

14、he goods- or service-producing network to fulfill customer requests; and utilizing the network to fulfill customer requests in a timely way. Integrate 整合，綜合，集成，結合,使結合(with); 使并入(into); 使一體化, 使完全, 使成一整體.,Integrate integrate theory with practice 理論聯(lián)系實際 (2)we must integrate ourselves with the new masse

15、s without any hesitation. 我們必須和新的群眾相結合，不能有任何遲疑。,(3)Universal browser interfaces have the potential to better integrate network management. 通用瀏覽器接口具有更好地結合網(wǎng)絡管理的潛力。 (4)To integrate directories, IS managers must select a directory standard from among many choices. 為了把目錄集成在一起，信息系統(tǒng)的管理人員必須從多種選擇中選一個目錄標準。,(5

16、)The WWW was quickly followed by the development of Web servers which integrate with databases and legacy systems to provide distributed platform-independent applications. 緊接著www之后就是開發(fā)網(wǎng)站服務器，這種服務器將數(shù)據(jù)庫與傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)結合起來，以提供獨立于平臺的分布式應用。,(6)Enterprises and service providers can brand the Mobile Studio and custom

17、ize its look-and-feel and content in order to integrate it with existing portals. 企業(yè)和服務提供商可在mobile studio上添加一些自己的東西，改變其外觀和內容以將其集成到現(xiàn)有的門戶。,anticipate: make a prediction about; tell in advance; Do you anticipate (meeting) any trouble? 你預料會有麻煩嗎？,Anticipate (1)The directors anticipated a fall in demand.

18、董事們預料需求量會降低。 (2)An alternative to the normal procedure unusual but will be triggered if an anticipated situation arises. 當預期的不正常情況出現(xiàn)時，正常程序的另一替代方案被引發(fā)。,Acquire：come into the possession of something concrete or abstract 得到, 獲得; 招致。 acquire or gain knowledge or skills; 學得(知識等), 養(yǎng)成(習慣等),Acquire： (1)We mu

19、st work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English. 我們必須用功學習才能精通英語。 (2)We must cherish experience acquired at the cost of blood. 我們必須珍惜用鮮血換來的經(jīng)驗。 (3)How did he acquire his wealth? 他的財富是怎樣得來的？,Optimize： modify to achieve maximum efficiency in storage capacity or time or cost; “optimize a computer pro

20、gram” 使盡可能完善，使最佳化 （亦作；optimise）,Optimize： (1)We will continue to utilize foreign funds and optimize the mix of foreign investment. 我們將繼續(xù)積極利用外資，優(yōu)化外商投資結構。 (2)Hardware accelerators can optimize performance in communications applications. 硬件加速器可以優(yōu)化通信應用程序的性能。,Optimize： (3)Reform has also helped optimize

21、rural industrial and employment structures constantly. 改革還使中國農村產(chǎn)業(yè)結構和就業(yè)結構不斷得到優(yōu)化。,Fulfill：滿足；實現(xiàn)；達到；履行，遵守；執(zhí)行；完成；服從 to fulfill ones promise,Fulfill： (1)He has fulfilled the orders that I gave him. 他完成了我給他的命令。 (2)If hes lazy, hell never fulfill his ambition to achieve anything. 如果他不努力,他將永遠也不會實現(xiàn)有所成就的抱負。,1

22、1. Peak logistics efficiency and effectiveness demand a superior integrated logistics information system (ILIS).,efficiency :1. the ratio of the output to the input of any system ; 2. skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort; Effectiveness: power to be effective; the quality of being able to

23、bring about an effect. (synonym) effectivity, effectualness Efficiency 是效率，指投入與產(chǎn)出的比率；或者避免浪費的技巧等。 Effectiveness 是效果; 有效性。指努力與結果的關系。,Superior 優(yōu)越的，優(yōu)質的，先進的; 比 優(yōu)越 此詞既可以作定語也可以做表語，是拉丁語的比較級，常跟介詞to ,不可跟 than .例如： Socialism is superior to capitalism. 社會主義比資本主義優(yōu)越。 A conceited man feels superior to everyone els

24、e. 自負的人總以為自己高人一等。,12. Without ready access to accurate information, integrated logistics operations lose both efficiency and effectiveness. Integrated logistics will not sustain a strategic, competitive edge. Without ready access to accurate information, 相當于一個條件句，意思是：如果不能及時獲得精確的信息，,Access 接近; 達到; 進入

25、; 入口, 通路 習慣用語: be easy hard, difficult of access 容易難接近 give access to 接見; 準許出入 have gain, get, obtain access to (得)接近; 會見; 進入; 使用,Access (1)There is no access to the street through that door. 穿過那個門沒有通向大街的路。 (2)Traditional remote access systems do not support extranet access. 傳統(tǒng)的遠程訪問系統(tǒng)不支持內擴網(wǎng)訪問。,13. T

26、he saying “garbage in- garbage out” applies to any information system. 經(jīng)常說的“進去的是垃圾，出來的也是垃圾”這話在任何信息系統(tǒng)都會出現(xiàn)。,You have probably heard the computer operators eloquent term gigo - which means: garbage in, garbage out. 你可能聽說過程序員那精辟的術語：“gigo”，意思是。,Apply to 適應于，應用到。 (1)Whatever he learned, he applied to his

27、work. 他把學到的一切都應用到工作上去。 (2)3D animation was also applied to enhance the effect. 利用三維動畫增加效果。 (3)The term is rarely applied to animals. 這個術語很少用于動物。,Apply to 適應于，應用到。 (4)The same applies to you. 同樣的情形也適用於你。 (5)A rule that applies to everyone. 適用于每個人的規(guī)則 (6)Similar logic applies to static methods. 類似的邏輯也適

28、用于靜態(tài)方法。,14. Three concerns stand out on quality information stand out ：突出，明顯，顯著。 The headline in the newspaper stands out well. 報紙上的標題十分醒目。,stand out ：突出，明顯，顯著。 (1)His work stands out from that of others. 他的作品比其他人的出色。 (2)She stands out in the crowd, for she is two meters in height. 她在人群中顯得很突出，因為她身高兩

29、公尺。,15. An integrated logistics information system (ILIS) can be defined as: the involvement of people, equipment, and procedures required to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and then distribute needed information to the appropriate decision-makers in a timely and accurate manner so they can make qu

30、ality logistics decisions. 該句是對整合物流信息系統(tǒng)下的定義，冒號之后實際上中心詞就是involvement, 剩余部分都做involvement的修飾成分。Quality 常做形容詞用法，意即“高質量的” 。,gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, distribute 這五個詞常和 information形成動賓搭配。 意即收集信息，分類信息，分析信息，評價信息，和發(fā)布信息。,be defined as 定義為 Physics can be defined simply as the study of matter and motion.

31、 物理學可被簡單地定義為研究物質及運動的學科。,in a （timely and accurate） manner 及時準確地。 Once the crisis occurred, we had no institution to mobilize our collective resources to help economies in distress in a timely manner. 而一旦危機發(fā)生，我們沒有一個能及時把我們的集體資源動員起來，以協(xié)助陷在困境中的經(jīng)濟體的制度。 In a clean manner.干凈利索地 In a bad manner.壞地以惡劣的方式地,16.

32、 An ILIS gathers information from all possible sources to assist the integrated logistics manager in making decisions. It also interfaces with marketing, financial, and manufacturing information systems. All of this information is then funneled to top level management to help formulate strategic dec

33、isions. from all possible sources 各種可能的渠道,from all possible sources 各種可能的渠道 (1)He picked up news from all sources. 他從各種渠道收集消息。 (2)He pieced up the story with data gathered from various sources. 他用從各方面搜集起來的資料拼湊成這個故事。,interfaces with (1)The HDM is the part of the driver that interfaces with the partic

34、ular controller and hardware device. HDM是指驅動程序與特定的控制器和硬件設備連接的部分。 (2)Our office microcomputers interface with the mainframe computer in London. 我們辦公室的微機與倫敦總機相聯(lián)接。,Funnel n. 漏斗，漏斗形物；通風筒;【礦】通風井;(火車等的) 煙囪 Funnel 句中為動詞，意即以渠道，以通道，也有從下到上的意思。,Funnel (1)He poured the petrol into the car through a funnel. 他用一個

35、漏斗把汽油灌進汽車。 (2)The water funneled through the gorge and out onto the plain 水穿過峽谷流到平原,Formulate 形成，制定，構建 (1)Following this session, we shall formulate a series of laws. 這次會議以后，要接著制定一系列的法律。 (2)We should formulate a long-term program for scientific and technological development. 制定科學和技術長遠發(fā)展規(guī)劃。,17.The IL

36、IS has four primary components: the order processing system, research and intelligence system, decision support system, and reports and outputs system. 四個組成部分是 訂單處理系統(tǒng)，研究與情報系統(tǒng)，決策支持系統(tǒng)以及報告與輸出系統(tǒng)。(最后一個系統(tǒng)不宜翻譯為產(chǎn)出系統(tǒng)，特此訂正。),18. EDI enhances the breadth, timeliness, and quality of data. EDI applies to nearly

37、every aspect of integrated logistics from paperless documentation flows to warehouse management with bar code scanners and radio frequency tags. Breadth 寬度，范圍,timeliness ：being at the right time 合時 (1)Timeliness of an indicator is also significant. 指標的及時性也不容忽略。 (2)They should issue severe weather wa

38、rning with improved accuracy and timeliness. 他們應該更加準確及時地發(fā)布災害性天氣警報。,bar code scanners 條形碼掃描儀， radio frequency tags 射頻識別標志 ，也做 Radio Frequency IDentifcation (RFID) tags,19. the firm must adhere to EDI standards. EDI is not a goal but a means to achieve a competitive edge, leadership within the channel

39、 of distribution, improved customer service, higher profits, better working relationships with trading partners, and better management over the information in the firm. a competitive edge 競爭優(yōu)勢，本句中a competitive edge的其后部分都做a competitive edge同位語。,a competitive edge (1)People are the key to finding a co

40、mpetitive edge in industry. 產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭中取得優(yōu)勢的關鍵在于人。 (2)We should sharpen the competitive edge of our goods and services for export by ensuring good quality. 堅持以質取勝，提高出口商品和服務的競爭力。,adhere to 堅持，遵守， (1) Everyone should always adhere to the truth.每人一個人都應該堅持真理。 (2)We will adhere to our plan. 我們將堅持按計劃行事,20. Both

41、 are designed for global communications, but they are not necessarily compatible with each other. compatible with 兼容,compatible with 兼容 (1)Their interests are not compatible with ours. 他們的利益和我們的利益不相容。 (2)PC compatible with a Pentium processor or equivalent 與奔騰處理器或性能相當?shù)奶幚砥骷嫒莸腜C。,compatible with 兼容 Th

42、eir marriage ended because they were simply not compatible with each other. 他倆簡直無法和睦相處，所以就離婚了。,Skill Training,Business Letter Writing (II) Letter of Enquiries 交易磋商是商品交易活動的一個重要環(huán)節(jié),是訂立合同的基礎。從本課開始，所給出的四封信函案例分別是圍繞詢價、發(fā)盤、還盤、接受四個環(huán)節(jié)促成業(yè)務成交的。,Abdulla Samih Co., 659 Saleem Road Karachi, Pakistan. 10 November, 2

43、003 China National Import Export Corp., Shanghai Branch Shanghai, China. Dear Sirs, Re: Forever Brand Bicycles,As we are advised by one of our clients that you are one of the leading exporters of Bicycles in Shanghai, we would like you to quote us CIF Karachi, for 350 sets bicycles with indication o

44、f specifications and the earliest date of shipment. If your price is reasonable, quality satisfactory and delivery acceptable, we will send you large orders.,We await your early reply with interest and shall appreciate it very much if you will quote us your best price so as to enable us to conclude

45、some business. Yours faithfully, (signed) Abdulla Samih n. 提供； 報價 quotation n. 報價 order v.; n. 下訂單； 訂單 CIF = cost + insurance + freight 成本價+保險價+運費=到岸價格,Useful Sentences,1. Seeing your advertisement in China Daily, we should be pleased to receive your latest price list for stainless steel tableware.,

46、Useful Sentences,2.We thank you for your intention to enter into business relations with us. At present, we are interested in your. and wish to receive a sample for which we will pay upon receipt of your advice.,3. We learn from our Embassy in your country that you are manufacturing and exporting a

47、variety of Cassette Tape Recorders. As there is a good demand here we should appreciate your sending us a sample together with the prices of various models for which we will pay immediately upon receipt of your debit note.,4. Please be informed that one of our endorsers is in the market for. and we

48、should be glad if you could send us your best prices with indication of time of shipment.,5. Your company has been introduced to us by Messrs. with whom we have traded for many years. Would you please supply us with a complete set off catalogues for Textile Accessories so that we may make choice and

49、 work on them.,6. At present, we are keenly interested in bed-sheets and shall be glad if you will kindly send us your latest price list for bed-sheets in various colors specifying sizes and designs.,7. If possible, please send us a sample-cutting book for our reference.,8. We are pleased to inform

50、you that there is good sale for your Drilling Machine, Model Z-33 and would ask you to send us your best offer. If your price is found competitive, we are confident there are good prospects for business.,9. We have much pleasure in enclosing an enquiry sheet for Great Wall Brand Canned Meat, each ca

51、n containing 250 grams. This enquiry is from a very famous supermarket with branches all over the country. You will notice from the enquiry that their requirement is in large quantity and therefore price is of utmost importance in concluding the transaction.,10. If you are in a position to supply th

52、e goods as per the attached enquiry at very competitive price, we trust large orders will be obtained.,Skill Training,Business Letter Writing (III) Letters of Offers China National Import Export Corporation Shanghai Branch Shanghai China 19 November, 2003. Abdulla Samih Co., 659 Saleem Road Karachi

53、Pakistan,Dear Sirs, Re: Forever Brand Bicycles,We thank you for your letter of 10th November enquiring for Forever Brand Bicycles.,We are exporting bicycles of various brands among which Forever Brand and Phoenix Brand are the most famous ones. They are in great demand abroad and our stocks are runn

54、ing down quickly. They are popular not only for their light weight, but also for the reasonable prices. We are confident that once you have tried our bike you will place repeat orders with us in large quantities.,Based on your requirement, we are quoting as follows: Forever Brand bicycles: 20 Mens Style at US$ 25 per set 20 Womens Style at US$ 27 per set 26 Mens Style at US$ 27 per set 26 Womens Style at US$ 28 per set Payment Terms: By L/C at sight to be opened through a bank to be approved by the sellers. Shipment: January/ February, 2004 provided